end year rev⭐️ Flashcards
TOPIC: CELLS
what does the mitochondria do?
provides energy by aerobic respiration using glucose
TOPIC: REPRODUCTION
how does a sperm penetrate the zona pellucida?
the acrosome (in the head) releases enzymes that the egg cell recognises and becomes permeable
TOPIC: MICROSCOPES
what is the function of the ocular lens?
the ocular lens is used to explore and see the actual specimen
TOPIC: CHARACTERISTICS OF LIFE
what is the scientific group name for microorganisms such as bacteria and archaea?
prokaryotes
TOPIC: CHARACTERISTICS OF LIFE
what is the scientific group name of kingdoms such as protists, fungi, plants and animals?
eukaryotes
TOPIC: CHARACTERISTICS OF LIFE
how can you differentiate between a eukaryotic and prokaryotic cell?
prokaryotes are at a loss of membrane bound organelles, such as the nucleus. eukaryotes have these in all of their organelles, i.e the nuclear membrane (membrane of the nucleus)
TOPIC: CELLS
what is the word equation for aerobic respiration?
glucose + oxygen ==> water + carbon dioxide
TOPIC: CELLS
what is the word equation for anaerobic respiration in humans?
glucose ==> lactic acid (+ ATP energy)
TOPIC: CELLS
what is the word equation for anaerobic respiration in microbes (fermentation)?
glucose ==> ethanol + carbon dioxide (+ ATP)
TOPIC: CELLS
name 3 foods that undergo fermentation
- beer
- bread
- yoghurt
TOPIC: VARIETY OF LIFE
what are the shared characteristics between animal and plant cells?
- mitochondria
- ribosomes
- nucleus
- temporary vacuoles
- golgi apparatus
- RER/SER
TOPIC: VARIETY OF LIFE
what does a plant cell have that animal cells don’t?
- a cell wall
- chloroplasts
- permanent vacuole
TOPIC: VARIETY OF LIFE
how long are nerve cells (about)?
a. small and short
b. very long
c. long, measured in micro metres
option B
TOPIC: VARIETY OF LIFE
what are the characteristics of a red blood cell?
a. thin and long
b. fat and small
c. biconcave and small
option C
TOPIC: REPRODUCTION
where is sperm produced in males?
in the testes
