End Of Year (year 8) Flashcards
Evaporation
When the sun heats up water from the sea and it goes into the air
Surface run off
When water runs off the surface into the ground
Through flow
When water moves from the surface of the ground , into the soil
Precipitation
When moisture falls from the atmosphere as rain, hail, sleet and snow
Condensation
When the sun heats up water from the leaves of trees
Transpiration
When water vapour cools and turns into clouds
Ground water flow
What water flows underground through rocks and soil
Interception
When precipitation lands on vegetation or buildings before reaching the soil
Weather
Is the conditions right here, right now
Climate
Is based on the average weather experience over 30 years or more
What are the 3 types of rainfall
Frontal,convectional and relief
Convectional rainfall
Is driven by the heat from the sun
Frontal rainfall
Is rain that occurs when a warm front meets a cold front
Relief rainfall
Is rain that occurs on high land and mountainous areas
Isotherms
They are lines on a map which show areas of equal temperatures
Microclimates
Is when the climate of a small area is different to the general surroundings
Water surplus
Where supply of water is higher than demand
Water deficit
Where water demand is higher than supply
Water stress
Where the amount of water in an area is limiting development and population
Renewable energy
Energy that comes from a source that will not run out of
What are the 4 ways of getting energy from water?
Hydroelectric power, tidal power, wave power and pumped storage
Flooding
An overflow of water onto normally dry land. Flooding occurs when a river bursts its banks and overflows onto surrounding land
What are the 4 physical causes of flooding
Steep land, impermeable rock, heavy rainfall and saturated ground
What’re are the 2 human causes of flooding
Urbanisation and deforestation
Population density
Is the number of people living in a particular area
What’s the equation for population density
Population dived by area (km2)=
Sparsely populated
A low number of people per km2
Densely populated
A high number of people per km2
Migration
Movement from one place to another
Emigration
Moving away from your country of birth
Immigration
Moving to a country that is not your country of birth
Asylum seeker
Someone who is intending to seek or is awaiting a decision on their request for international protection.
Refugee
is someone who has been forced to flee conflict or persecution and has crossed an international border to seek safety.
Ageing population
Where there is a greater % of the population at age 60-65+
Reasons for ageing population
Cost of living, accessibility, better health care and less manual labour work
Birth rate
The number of babies born per 1000 per year
Natural increase
The difference between birth rate and death rate
