End of Year Test

Question 1

What artistic time period’s purpose was to show the importance of people and leaders as well as gods and goddesses?

Answer 1

Classical.

Question 2

What artistic time period’s purpose was to teach religion for people who could not read or write?

Answer 2

Medieval

Question 3

What artistic time period’s purpose was to show the importance of people and nature, not just religion?

Answer 3

Renaissance

Question 4

What is Michelangelo best known for?

Answer 4

Ceiling of Sistine Chapel

Question 5

What was a result of the invention of the printing press?

Answer 5

More people learned to read

Question 6

What did Renaissance scientists have in common?

Answer 6

They valued direct observations

Question 7

The selling of indulgences troubled many Catholics because the practice made it seem that?

Answer 7

They could buy forgiveness

Question 8

What started the protests which led to the Reformation?

Answer 8

Corruption in the Catholic Church

Question 9

Who was the explorer and sponsor country to become the first to establish a sea route to Asia?

Answer 9

De Gama, Portugal

Question 10

Which country started the trans-Atlantic slave trade?

Answer 10

Portugal

Question 11

Who was the European explorer given credit as the first circumnavigate the world by sea even though he died in the Philippines?

Answer 11

Magellan

Question 12

What were the impacts of the Spanish Conquistadors?

Answer 12

They weakened and destroyed the Native populations of the Americas, growth of the Trans-Atlantic slave trade, led to settlements in America

Question 13

What led to new discoveries during the Scientific Revolution?

Answer 13

The use of rationalism through the Scientific Method

Question 14

Who were the scientists that helped to shape the scientific method?

Answer 14

Francis Bacon, Descartes

Question 15

What is the heliocentric theory? Who created the heliocentric theory? Who added to it? Who championed it?

Answer 15

The idea that the sun is the center of the universe, Nicholas Copernicus, Johannes Kepler, Galileo

Question 16

The Enlightenment built on the use of observation and logic from the Scientific Revolution, but applied them to what?

Answer 16

Human Life

Question 17

What was the “spark” started WWI?

Answer 17

The assassination of Austria-Hungary’s Archduke France Ferdinand and his wife by Serbian extremists.

Question 18

What are the MAIN causes of WWI?

Answer 18

Militarism, Alliances, Imperialism, Nationalism

Question 19

What event led to the Russians exit from World War I?

Answer 19

Bolshevik Revolution led by Vladimir Lenin

Question 20

An armistice to end World War I went into effect on the __th hour of the __th Day of the __th Month of 1918.

Answer 20

11th Hour of the 11th Day of the 11th Month

Question 21

What were the long term and short term effects of the Treaty of Versailles?

Answer 21

Long Term: Laid the groundwork for world war distrust between Germany and other nations. (Led to world war 2)
Short Term: Accepting blame for war, Germany lost and reduced military, Created League of Nations

Question 22

What led to hyperinflation in Germany where the German Mark became relatively worthless?

Answer 22

Printing extra money by German Government

Question 23

What were the main causes of WWII?

Answer 23

Nazi-Soviet Pact, Hitler’s policies, Treaty of Versailles, League of Nations

Question 24

Fascism is a political philosophy that includes what?

Answer 24

Extreme nationalism, ruled by a dictator, people had no individual rights, extreme racism, military power/ war of conquest

Question 25

What countries were associated with the Allied Powers?

Answer 25

US, Great Britain, Soviet Union

Question 26

What countries were associated with the Axis Powers?

Answer 26

Italy, Germany, Japan

Question 27

What year did the WWII end?

Answer 27

1945

Question 28

What was the name given to the Nazi’s attempt to murder all the Jews of Europe?

Answer 28

Final Solution

Question 29

South Africa gained its independence after what?

Answer 29

WWII (World War 2)

Question 30

What does Apartheid literally mean?

Answer 30

Apartness

Question 31

What was the purpose of the Truth and Reconciliation Commission?

Answer 31

Expose the atrocities from the Apartheid Era in South Africa, and bring closure and forgiveness

Question 32

Who was South African President that offered Nelson Mandela freedom if he were to reject the use of violence? Mandela ultimately rejected the offer.

Answer 32

PW Botha

Question 33

What disease is a major problem in modern South Africa?

Answer 33

AIDS

Question 34

What event led the United Nations to create a definition and plan of action for genocide?

Answer 34

Holocaust

Question 35

Members of the UN have agreed to treat genocide as international crime. Member nations are obligated to

Answer 35

Prevent and Punish

Question 36

What ideology was used to promote violence against the minority ethnic group that prompted the genocide?

Answer 36

Hutu Power

Question 37

What event sparked the violence that led to the Rwandan Genocide?

Answer 37

President's plane crash under mysterious circumstances

Question 38

Who are the Lost Boys?

Answer 38

Approximately 26,000 Sudanese boys, the majority between 8 to 18 years-old, were forced by violence from their southern Sudanese villages in the late 1980s

Question 39

What event sparked the violence that led to the conflict in the Darfur region of Sudan?

Answer 39

Rebels attacking government targets after feeling neglected for help with infrastructure needs such as schools, water, etc

Question 40

What were the underlying reasons for the genocide in Darfur?

Answer 40

Desertification led to tensions over land and grazing rights, Ethnicity, and oil

Question 41

What are conflict minerals and what did they have to do with the Democratic Republic of the Congo?

Answer 41

Many innocent people suffered bodily mutilation, been killed, made into forced laborers, and/or fled the violence not just in the Democratic Republic of Congo. It also affected Sierra Leone, Liberia, Ivory Coast, and Angola. Conflict minerals are resources that are obtained illegally and help fund the wars.

Question 42

What major world religions were started in Southwest Asia?

Answer 42

Judaism, Christianity, Islam

Question 43

After WWII, what international body attempted to find a solution to the Arab\Jew conflict in Palestine? What was their solution? Why did the solution not work?

Answer 43

The United Nations created a partition plan to split Palestine into a Jewish and Arab state with Jerusalem being designated an international city monitored by the British. Arabs refused to recognize the Jewish state that led to war when the British left.

Question 44

Who started and what caused the revolution in Iran in 1979? What type of government was created? What changes did it make to Iranian society?

Answer 44

The Islamic Revolution was started by the Ayatollah Khomeini. Many Iranians opposed the Shah's imposition of Western, secular policies, and brutality against those who opposed him. Iran became a theocracy. A new code of law was created that was based on the Sharia, Islamic law, and the Quran. Iran looked at the Western nations as enemies for their support of the law of the Shah and his policies.

Question 45

What caused the Persian Gulf War? What was the strategy of the US during this war? What concessions were made at the end of the war?

Answer 45

Iraq, under the leadership of Saddam Hussein, attacked and took over Kuwait due to several disagreements between the two countries. US led the UN to pass a resolution for Iraq to pull out of Kuwait. Several nations sent troops to enforce the resolutions. The alliance amassed an overwhelming military presence that led to a quick victory. Iraq among their other concessions were to allow UN inspectors to check their weapons program.

Question 46

What caused the War in Iraq in 2003? How did US strategy differ from the earlier Persian Gulf War? Why does fighting continue in the region today?

Answer 46

US intelligence agencies felt that Iraq was attempting to rebuild weapons of mass destruction (WMDs). UN inspectors had been kicked out by Saddam Hussein. Most UN nations felt like economic sanctions would work, but the US and UK felt a military option should be used. Within a matter of months, Hussein had been removed, but the process of rebuilding the nation as a democracy still goes on today. Tensions between Sunni, Shiite, and Kurds have slowed progress. US troops withdrew in 2011.

Question 47

What are the main religions of South Asia today?

Answer 47

Buddhism, Hinduism, Islam

Question 48

Discuss the concept of nonviolent civil disobedience.

Answer 48

It is breaking an unjust or immoral law by refusing to go along with it. The goal is to try to provoke a response and get public opinion on your side in order to change the law.

Question 49

Without the British administration, India would be chaos. What was meant by the common perception of India?

Answer 49

The British felt that civil war would occur if they left India. Fighting would ensue between Hindus, Muslims, and other groups.

Question 50

What country was led by the Taliban which allowed Osama Bin Laden to have terrorist training camps operate? It led to an invasion by a coalition of forces led by the US.

Answer 50

Afghanistan