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year 8 computing > end of year exams > Flashcards

end of year exams Flashcards

1
Q

what is the brian of the computer

A

the cpu

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2
Q

how dose a computer work

A

a number of different compunts are put together to perform the function of the computer

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3
Q

what is the short term memory for the computer

A

ram

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4
Q

were can you store long term deta

A

hard drive

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5
Q

what does the motherboard do

A

it holds all the components for them to communicate

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6
Q

how is the computer cooled

A

heat sinc or fan

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7
Q

how is the computer powered

A

power supply

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8
Q

what are network card

A

i alouse you to wirelessly to connect to the internet

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9
Q

what dose gpu stand for

A

graphics pressing unit

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10
Q

what dose the gpu to do

A

is for rendering the graphics on the computer

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11
Q

what is binary values

A

1 and 0

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12
Q

how do you add binery

A

yes it is
0+0=0
1+0=1
0+1=1
1+1=1 carry one
1+1+1= 1 carry one and extera

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13
Q

what is 8 bits

A

it is one bytes

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14
Q

4 bits

A

is a nibble

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15
Q

what is the order of bits

A

bits
nibble
byte
kilobyte
megabyte
gigabyte
terabyte

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16
Q

what is lan

A

local area network

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17
Q

what is wan

A

wide area network

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18
Q

what is a network

A

a group of connected devices

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19
Q

what is a router

A

allows you to wirelessly connect to a network

20
Q

what is a fire wall

A

a piece of software that stops viruses

21
Q

what is encription

A

it turns things into code so unwanted people cannot understand it

22
Q

what is anti vires protection

A

stops viruses

23
Q

Why do we need secure passwords?

A

To improve network security and prevent other users from accessing restricted data.

24
Q

What are emerging technologies?

A

Emerging technologies aere technologies which are being developed and expected to be fully available within the next 5-10 years.

25
Q

What is an IOT?

A

A series of internet-connected devices ( or internet of thing)

26
Q

What is AI?

A

Artificial Intelligence - where machines have human-like intelligence.

27
Q

What is Biometrics?

A

The use of human characteristics as identification.

28
Q

What are Robotics?

A

The use of machines to help us with tasks.

29
Q

What is VR?

A

Virtual Reality - it is full immersion in a virtual world using a headset.

30
Q

What is AR?

A

Augmented Reality - this is where graphics are imposed over the real world scene using a headset or other device such as a phone.

31
Q

What is an Algorithm?

A

Step by step instructions on how to solve a problem.

32
Q

What is decomposition?

A

It is breaking down a problem into smaller chunks.

33
Q

What is Pattern Recognition?

A

It is finding patterns in a problem to make solving it easier.

34
Q

What is Abstraction?

A

It is removing unnecessary detail from a problem.

35
Q

What is an example of a computer input device?

A

light pen, microphone, keyboard, camera

36
Q

What is an example of a computer output device?

A

monitor, speakers, headphones, printer

37
Q

What is the function of the Central Processing Unit (CPU)?

A

It is the brain of the computer and processes all of the information.

38
Q

What is the function of the Motherboard?

A

Houses all of the components so that they can communicate.

39
Q

What is the function of the hard drive?

A

It is the storage device that saves the files, information and programs.

40
Q

What is the function of RAM?

A

Random Access Memory is the memory space that houses temporary data, processes, information and commands. It is erased when the computer is restarted.

41
Q

How are images and sounds stored in a computer?

A

They must be converted into binary form before being processed. This is because all data inside a computer is transmitted as a series of electrical signals that are either on or off.

42
Q

What are the differences between a LAN and a WAN?

A

Local Area Network and Wide Area Network. LANS use local connections like ethernet cables and wireless access points. They are faster because they span less distance and have less congestion.
WANs use wide area connections like MPLS, VPNs, and the cloud. They are slightly slower than LANs.

43
Q

What is the functionality of the 7 network hardware devices?

A

Router - enables data to be sent between different types of network.
Network cards - are used to connect individual computers/devices to a network.
Bridge - used to connect LANs together and therefore communicate with each other.
Hub - allows computers to plug into their ports in order to connect to each other, and share files, data and resources. Creates a LAN.
Switch - similar to hubs, but they transmit data more efficiently.
Cable - plugged into computers to connect it to a network.
Modem - stands for modulator demodulator. They were used to connect computers to the internet before we had broadband connections.

44
Q

How can a network be made more secure?

A

Secure passwords, encryption, firewall, anti-virus software.

45
Q

What are the 5 emerging technologies and how they can be used?

A

AI - can be used to perform tasks that humans can do, eg. smart assistants (Siri, Alexa), self-driving cards use sensors to drive, TV streaming sites use AI to work out what movies you will enjoy (Netflix)
Biometrics - are physical or behavioural human characteristics that can be used to digitally identify a person to grant access to systems, devices or data, eg. fingerprint/facial recognition on phones, Iris scans for high-security labs or workplaces, voice recognition to give access to accounts over the phone, handwriting to compare signatures.
VR - used in gaming or watching videos in 3D. AR - used in hospitals when doctors can wear special glasses which overlay statistics about their patients when speaking to them (no need to look through notes). Pokemon Go.
Robotics - use of machines to perform tasks that are normally performed by humans, eg. robot waiters, warehouse robots, robot assistants in homes.
Internet of Things - collection of internet-enabled devices which share data and are used to help us improve our everyday lives, eg. smart bulbs (switched on/off using phones of smart assistant like Alexa), smart fridge (cameras/sensors to monitor stock levels), fitness trackers (Apple Watch collects data about you and then sends you updates about your health)

year 8 computing (2 decks)

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