End of Year 10 Exam

Question 1

Describe and Explain Fruits and Vegetables

Answer 1

add colour variety flavour and texture to your diet

LBV protein

very little fat - low in calories

vitamins - water soluble ones - vitamin c - helps with the absorption of iron

minerals - iron in green vegetable and phosphorus in bananas

high in fibre - prevents constipation and lowers cholesterol

antioxidant properties - protects against cancer and CHD

Question 2

provide some examples of fruits and vegetables with vitamin c in

Answer 2

oranges

lemons

limes

broccoli

spinach

Question 3

advantages of buying fruit and veg from this country

Answer 3

support local farm/farmers

reduced food miles

encourages use of seasonal fruit

better quality of fruit and veg

Question 4

disadvantages of buying fruit from this country

Answer 4

cannot support fair trade

might not be able to buy everything in one place

produce limited by climate

might be more expensive than local foods

Question 5

describe the functions of water

Answer 5

helps regulate the body temperature

provides fluoride

helps the kidneys flush out harmful substances from our bloody and removes filtered waste from the body as urine

Question 6

what happens if we become dehydrated

Answer 6

unable to concentrate

changes in blood pressure

constipation

dark coloured urine

feeling faint

headaches

Question 7

which foods provide water

Answer 7

fruits, vegetables, juices and milk

Question 8

explain the nutrients found in cheese

Answer 8

protein - growth

fat - energy

vitamin a - night vision

vitamin d - bones and teeth

sodium - water balance in the body

Question 9

describe the process of making milk into cheese

Answer 9

pasteurised milk cooled to 30degrees

lactic acid bacteria is added - coagulates the protein in the milk

rennet is added and mixture is left to set this produces curd and whey

the curd is cut and whey is released

the whey is drained

cheese is milled and salt is added for flavour

pressed into moulds

left to ripen - flavour, colour and rind of cheese developed

Question 10

examples of cheeses made in the uk

Answer 10

blue stilton

cheddar

red leicester

Question 11

examples of cheeses not made in the uk

Answer 11

edam

brie

feta

Question 12

ingredients for bread

Answer 12

strong flour

salt

yeast

water

oil

Question 13

why do we mix bread

Answer 13

so all ingredients are distributed evenly

yeast in particular needs mixing so its cooks evenly

mixing allows fermentation to start

Question 14

why do we knead bread

Answer 14

to develop the gluten

Question 15

why do we prove bread

Answer 15

to give the bread time to ferment

Question 16

why do we bake bread

Answer 16

dextrinisation occurs giving the bread its golden colour

Question 17

why is food fortified

Answer 17

to increase nutritional value

to replace nutrients

to help sell the product by giving health promoting benefits

Question 18

what foods are fortified

Answer 18

margarine

white flour

Question 19

are fats or oils solid in room temp

Answer 19

fats are solid in room temp oil is liquid

Question 20

what foods are fats used in

Answer 20

mayonnaise

scones

Question 21

what foods are oils used in

Answer 21

stir fry

shortcrust pastry

Question 22

what is the function of fat

Answer 22

energy

provides insulation

protects vital organs

provides fat soluble vitamins

Question 23

bad things about fat

Answer 23

weight gain

high blood pressure

high cholesterol

Question 24

what should a pregnant women have

Answer 24

healthy balanced diet

calcium - for bones and teeth

vitamin d - calcium absorption

iron - haemoglobin - transports oxygen around the body

folic acid - prevents spina bifida

fibre - prevents constipation

protein - growth of the baby

water - prevent dehydration

Question 25

what can a pregnant women not have

Answer 25

alcohol and caffeine p baby may be underweight when born

shark, swordfish - high levels of mercury

raw or partly cooked eggs - contains salmonella - could harm baby

soft blue cheese - food poisoning

liver of liver products - too much vitamin a could harm unborn baby

raw or partly cooked meat - needs cooking to 74 degrees

soft cheese - has listeria in it

Question 26

name some ways of marketing food

Answer 26

tasting sessions in supermarkets

free gifts

competitions

nutritional claims

special money offers

eye catching packaging

Question 27

name some things that a food label should include

Answer 27

name

ingredients

additives

weight of product

allergy information

Question 28

why is nutritional information important

Answer 28

allows you to compare products

allows you to make a healthy choice

may help if your on a calorie controlled diet

Question 29

how can soup be presented

Answer 29

swirl of cream

Question 30

how can bread rolls be presented

Answer 30

sprinkled with sesame seeds

Question 31

how can shortbread biscuits be presented

Answer 31

sprinkled with icing sugar

Question 32

how can savoury pastry be presented

Answer 32

sprinkled with poppy seeds

Question 33

how can chicken curry and rice be presented

Answer 33

rice mould

naan bread

Question 34

how can cheesecake can be presented

Answer 34

lemon twist on top

Question 35

how can fruit salad be presented

Answer 35

in a fruit basket