End of Unit Test Flashcards
Copy the diagram of a helium atom and label it using these labels: proton, neutron, electron, nucleus.
• Proton: Positively charged particle in the nucleus.
• Neutron: Neutral particle in the nucleus.
• Electron: Negatively charged particle orbiting the nucleus.
• Nucleus: Central part of the atom made up of protons and neutrons.
Name the subatomic particle that has a positive charge.
Proton
Name the subatomic particle that has no charge.
Neutron
Name the subatomic particle that has the least mass.
Electron
Name the subatomic particle that is made up of protons and neutrons.
Nucleus
Gold jewellery is marked to tell you how pure the gold is. Which marking has the most gold?
18 carat gold
Pure diamond is made up of carbon atoms arranged in a particular way. How do pure diamonds differ from diamonds that contain other elements?
Pure diamonds are made only of carbon atoms, while other diamonds have additional elements that change their color and properties.
Match the terms, A–E, with the meanings, 1–5:
• A. Weather: The state of the atmosphere in a particular place (2).
• B. Climatology: The study of climate (5).
• C. Climate: Weather conditions prevailing over a long period (4).
• D. Meteorology: The study of weather (3).
• E. Humidity: A measure of the amount of water vapor in the atmosphere (1).
A. Weather - 2
B. Climatology - 5
C. Climate - 4
D. Meteorology - 3
E. Humidity - 1
What was the average global temperature between 350 and 260 million years ago?
20°C
What is this period of time known as?
Carboniferous Period
What was the average global temperature 100 million years ago?
15°C
How does the study of ice cores help us understand how the atmosphere has changed over time?
• Ice cores contain trapped air bubbles from the past, showing levels of gases like carbon dioxide.
• They reveal changes in temperature, greenhouse gas levels, and climate over time.
What evidence is there that the Earth is getting warmer?
- Rising global temperatures measured over the last century.
- Melting polar ice caps and glaciers.
Write true or false for the following statements:
a. The atmosphere now has more carbon dioxide than the earlier atmosphere.
b. The early atmosphere had little or no oxygen.
c. The atmosphere was formed from the gases produced by volcanoes.
d. The atmosphere today contains about 50% nitrogen.
e. The atmosphere today contains about 0.04% carbon dioxide.
a. True
b. True
c. True
d. False, it contains 78% nitrogen.
e. True
Name three ways electricity can be generated without using fossil fuels.
- Solar power
- Wind power
- Hydroelectric power
What is meant by the term “global warming”?
Global warming refers to the gradual increase in the Earth’s average temperature due to higher concentrations of greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.
Explain how using fossil fuels adds to the problems of global warming.
Burning fossil fuels releases carbon dioxide, a greenhouse gas, which traps heat in the atmosphere and causes the Earth’s temperature to rise.
What is an analogy? Give an example.
An analogy is a comparison between two things to help explain an idea.
Example: The human brain is like a computer because it processes and stores information.
