End Of Unit D Study Guide Flashcards
- In a heat wave in June 2017, temperatures in some southwestern U.S. states reached 49 degrees C
(120 degrees F). To help cope with these high temperatures, some residents wrapped their outside
metal door handles in cloth. How did this help the situation?
Cloth is an insulator, so it conducts heat less than conductor, such as a metal door handle
2)Roman noticed that the hood of the car was hot after driving it for a while. What energy transformation was he noticing?
Kinetic energy transforming to thermal energy
- When water passes through a dam, it flows downhill to turn a turbine connected
to a generator, which
produces electricity that travels through powerlines to our homes and businesses. What are the energy
transformations taking place?
Potential energy->Kinetic energy~>Electrical energy
5) A car’s engine converts the chemical energy of gasoline to the kinetic energy of motion. Not all the
chemical energy in gasoline is converted to the kinetic energy of motion. The total energy of motion is
less than the total chemical energy stored in gasoline. What other types of energy is it transformed
into?
The chemical energy in gasoline equals the kinetic energy of the cars motion and energy is transformed to chemical and sound energy
- It was previously believed that chemicals used as propellants in aerosol cans, called
chlorofluorocarbons, had no effect on Earth’s atmosphere. After observing the changes in the
atmosphere, a group of scientists hypothesized that chlorofluorocarbons are responsible for destroying
the ozone layer. How did scientists use logical reasoning to determine chlorofluorocarbons are
responsible for destroying the ozone layer?
The scientists discovered that hole in the ozone layer is growing larger
- Two friends want to decide whose car is the most energy efficient. They know that fuel (gasoline)
provides the energy to run the car. They decide to fill the gas tanks of each car, a Honda Civic and
Toyota Corolla, with the same amount and type of gas and compare how far each car travels before
the tank reaches empty. Why is it important that the two cars get the same type of gas?
If the cars do not get the same type of gas, the friends cant find out which car model has the best model
7) Which of the following decisions is Benito most likely trying to influence the planning commission to make
Based on the scientific measurements in the graph(in study guide), which would?
C) where to place a new solar power plant.
- If a heated metal cube is placed into a beaker of water. How will the temperature of the water an
metal cube change after the cube is placed in the water?
The water would get increase while the metal cube’s temperature would decrease until reached the same temp
9) Yolanda designs an experiment to determine how mass affects the kinetic energy of a car going down a
ramp. She finds two toy cars for her experiment that are the same brand but different masses. She
then creates the following table to write her results (in the study guide)
How will Yolanda ensure her results are considered scientific?
A) She will repeat her trials, and she will ask a friend to replicate her experiment with the same cars to show the resluts are consistent.
10) A double boiler consists of two containers with one on top of the other. The lower container (pot) has
boiling water that heats the upper container (bowl). Food, such as white chocolate, is melted by boiling
water in the lower container. Describe how the energy is transferred throughout the process.
The stove transfers heat to the pot conduction; the water in the pot boils and transfers heat to bowl by convection, the bowl transferred heat to the chocolate.
11. Mr. Davis's sixth period science class was studying the relationship between height and kinetic energy. His students tested the velocity of a 5 g metal ball at impact after dropping the ball from three different heights. Then they calculated the kinetic energy of the ball. Which of the following hypothesis do the data support(on the study guide)??
C) the kinetic energy of a metal ball is equal to one-half its mass time the square of its velocity
- Harvey went to the store to purchase new light bulbs for his bedroom lamp. The store had both
incandescent and fluorescent light bulbs available for purchase. He told the store manager he wanted a
light bulb that was the most energy efficient. Which type of light bulb would the manager most likely
suggest? Why?
A fluorscent light bulb because it is more energy efficient, giving off more light and less thermal energy than incandscent lightbulb
- A private company is using a remote area in the forest
near a river to illegally dump toxic chemicals fron
a factory. They placed the chemicals in old recycled barrels that has that were beginning to rust and left then
near the river. Which statement most likely describes the effects of the company’s decision?
C) the chemicals can leak over time causing harm to living things in the hydrosphere and biosphere
- Milani wants to find a home that is powered by only renewable energy resources to reduce her energy
consumption and bills. What types of features should she look for in a home?
A windmill and solar panels on a hydroelectrical grid
- Alexandra hypothesizes that more massive toy cars will have less kinetic energy as they move and at the
start and less massive objects will have more kinetic energy as they move. She gathers several toy cars,
records their mass, and calculates their kinetic energy by pushing them across the table. Alexandra
concluded her hypothesis was not supported by the data she collected. Was her first hypothesis (shown on study guide) still valuable?
Yes because even though her first hypothesis was not supported, it led her to a new experiment and hypothesis to test
