End Of Topic Test - Food Chains and Trophic Levels

Question 1

Complete the explanation of trophic levels:

Answer 1

1.) At the base of all food chains, there are green plants and algae. These are called producers and use light energy from the Sun to synthesise their own food.
2.)
Herbivores that eat green plants and/or algae are called primary consumers.
3.)
Carnivores that eat herbivores are called secondary consumers.
4.)
Carnivores that eat other carnivores are called tertiary consumers. An apex predator is at the highest point in the food chain.

Question 2

What do decomposers secrete to break down organic matter?

Answer 2

Enzymes

Question 3

What percentage of energy from a given trophic level will be available to the next trophic level in the general rule for transfer efficiency?

Answer 3

10%

Question 4

What are fungi and example of?

Answer 4

A decomposer

Question 5

what do enzymes do in food chains?

Answer 5

Enzymes partly digest the organic matter, producing small and soluble food molecules. These molecules then diffuse into the decomposer.

Question 6

Which of the following statements is NOT correct about food chains?
1. the higher the trophic level, the greater the number of individuals.
2. Energy is wasted at each trophic level.
3. Producers trap approximately 1% of light energy.
4. Around 10% of energy is passed to the next trophic level.

Answer 6

The answer is 1.

Question 7

name the reasons for inefficient transfer of biomass:

Answer 7

1.) Not all food is digested. Some food is stored as the waste material faeces.
2.) Large quantities of glucose are used in respiration to release energy. Highly mobile animals require a lot of energy to sustain their movement.
3.) Warm-blooded animals need to expend energy to maintain a suitable body temperature.
4.) Some material is excreted: carbon dioxide and water in respiration; urea and water in urine.

Question 8

Which of the following are NOT factors that decrease food security?
1.) Diet shifts in impoverished countries.
2.) Decreasing costs of agricultural inputs
3.) More extreme meteorological events
4.) Increasing birth rates
5.) New pests and pathogens

Answer 8

The answers are 1 and 2

Question 9

What fungus is grown to produce Mycoprotein?

Answer 9

Fusarium

Question 10

Which of the following farming techniques help to improve food production?

1. Limiting energy transfer from livestock to the environment.
2. Shortening food chains.
3. Feeding animals high protein foods.
4. maximising energy transfer from livestock to the environment.
5. Lengthening food chains.

Answer 10

The answers are 1,2,3

Question 11

What has led to the drastic decline of many fish stocks across the globe?

Answer 11

Overfishing

Question 12

List 3 true things about sustainable fishing:

Answer 12

1. Controlling the net size allows smaller, younger fish to survive at least until maturity.
2. By restricting the number of fish caught, the risk of overfishing is reduced.
3. Sustainable fishing means fish are not caught at a faster rate than they can reproduce.