encephalon

Question 1

CNS somas

Answer 1

grey matter and nuclear cortex

Question 2

CNA axons

Answer 2

white matter
tract, funiculo
fibers: association, projection, and commissural

Question 3

CNS somas and axons

Answer 3

reticular formation

Question 4

prosencephalon

Answer 4

forebrain
divides into telecephalon and diencephalon

Question 5

mesencephalon

Answer 5

midbrain, does not further divide

Question 6

rhombencephalon

Answer 6

hindbrain
divides into metencephalon and myelencephalon

Question 7

myelencephalon

Answer 7

most caudal portion of brain
-ascending/decending projection neurons
-CN VI-XII, UMN
-cardiovascular and respiratory control

Question 8

rhomboid fossa

Answer 8

on floor of 4th ventricle (have to remove cerebellum to see)

Question 9

pyramids

Answer 9

contains descending motor fibers

Question 10

decussation of pyraminds

Answer 10

crossover of decending motor fibers
considered boundary between spinal cord and encephalon

Question 11

metencephalon

Answer 11

“pons” with transverse fibers
-passage of ascending/ descending projection neurons
-UMN, CN V

Question 12

metencephalon landmark

Answer 12

between the middle cerebellar peduncles

Question 13

folias of cerebellum

Answer 13

folds of cortex (grey matter)

Question 14

grooves of cerebellum

Answer 14

between the folias

Question 15

arbor vitae

Answer 15

“tree of life”
corresponds to the tree shaped formation of white matter (axons)

Question 16

portions of cerebellum

Answer 16

right and left hemispheres
vermis

Question 17

vermis

Answer 17

for muscular tone
keep tonicity/ contraction for BALANCE
ventral portion has direct communication with inner ear for balance

Question 18

cerebellar nuclei

Answer 18

helps with coordination and movement related to motor skills
-helps maintain posture, balance, and equilibrium

Question 19

mesencephalon

Answer 19

passage of ascending/descending projection neurons
visual/ auditory reflexes
UMN nuclei
CN III and IV

Question 20

mesencephalic aqueduct

Answer 20

between tectum and peduncle

Question 21

tectum colliculus

Answer 21

landmark to find mesencephalon (looks like 4 eggs)

Question 22

rostral colliculus

Answer 22

visual reflexes

Question 23

caudal colliculus

Answer 23

auditory reflexes

Question 24

diencephalon

Answer 24

gateway/relay center to forebrain
autonomic/ homeostatic control
UMN control system
CN II (optic)

Question 25

diencephalon portions

Answer 25

epithalamus
thalamus
hypothalamus
hypophysis

Question 26

epithalamus

Answer 26

contains pineal gland, which produces melatonin to modulate sleep patterns
above thalamus

Question 27

thalamus

Answer 27

right and left
relay station

Question 28

hypothalamus

Answer 28

below thalamus
lots of nuclei, regulates hypofysis

Question 29

hypofysis

Answer 29

releases hormones to regulate body

Question 30

telencephalon

Answer 30

receives/ processes sensory input
voluntary motor control
memory/storage
CN I
right and left hemispheres

Question 31

telencephalon portions

Answer 31

cortex
white matter
basal nuclei

Question 32

telecephalon cortex

Answer 32

bunch of peripheral somas, superficial grey matter

Question 33

white matter

Answer 33

connection fibers (association, projection, and commissurals)

Question 34

basal nuclei

Answer 34

group of subcortical nuclei within brain responsible for motor control

Question 35

association fibers

Answer 35

associate areas in the same side

Question 36

projection fibers

Answer 36

communicate superior with inferior and vice versa

Question 37

commissural fibers

Answer 37

communicate contralateral areas between hemispheres (right to left and vice versa)

Question 38

limbic system

Answer 38

group of brain structures involved in behavioral and emotional responses
hippocampus is a part of this