EN 202 Final Flashcards
What are the dates for the Colonial Era?
1607-1776
What is the literary philosophy of the Colonial Era?
Biblical and Depravity of Man vs. Gods Grace
What are the literary characteristics of the Colonial Era?
- Unadorned
- Utilitarian
- Didactic
What is the genres of the Colonial Era?
- Propaganda
- Sermon
- Biographies
- Tales of Indian Captivity
- Diaries
- Poetry
- No fiction
Who are the writers for the Colonial Era?
William Bradford Anne Bradstreet Mary Rowlandson Edward Taylor Jonathan Edwards
What did William Bradford write?
“Of Plymouth Plantation”
Theme: God’s Providence
Literary Technique: Allusion and Typology
What did Anne Bradstreet write?
"Verses Upon the Burning of our House" Theme: Dealing with tragedy Literary Technique: Heroic Couplets, Allusion, and Metaphor "Contemplations" Theme: Seeing God's Greatness in Nature Literary Technique: Emblem, End Rhyme, Paradox, Apostrophe, Personification, and Alliteration. "The Author of Her Book" Literary Technique: Extended Metaphor
What did Mary Rowlandson write?
“A Narrative of the Captivity and Restoration of Mrs. Mary Rowlandson”
Theme: Salvation is of the Lord
Literary Techniques: Simile and Sandwiching events with Scripture
What did Edward Taylor write?
“Prepatory Meditations”
Literary Technique: Metaphysical Conceit
“Upon Wedlock and Death of Children”
Theme: Submission to God’s Will
Literary Technique: Conceit, Alliteration, and Pun.
What did Jonathan Edwards write?
“Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God”
Theme: God’s mercy keeps man from Hell
Literary Technique: Simile and Metaphor
What are the dates for the Neoclassicism Era?
1776-1820
What is the Philosophy for Neoclassicism?
Rationalism - Reason over faith Deism - "Great Clock-winder" Man is naturally good Environment causes evil Science over theology Skepticism over authority
What is the literary characteristics of Neoclassicism?
Clarity, rationality, plain Didactic Beneficent God Reflects beliefs of age Progress-Perfectibility of man Patriotism
What are the genres of Neoclassicism?
Political Pamphlets
Scientific Prose
Poetry
Novel
Who are the writers of the Neoclassic era?
Ben Franklin J Hector St. John de Crevecoeur Phillis Wheatley Phillip Freneau Timothy Dwight Noah Webster
What did Ben Franklin write?
“The Autobiography”
Theme: Perfectibility of man
What did J Hector St. John de Crevecoeur write?
“Letters from an American Farmer”
Theme: The American is a new man
Literary Technique: Metaphor
What did Phillis Wheatley write?
“On Being Brought from Africa to America”
Theme: God’s Mercy
Literary Technique: Heroic Couplets
“A Funeral Poem on the death of C.E. an infant of 12 months”
Literary Techniques: Heroic Couplets, Anaphora, and Apostrophe.
What did Phillip Freneau write?
“The Wild Honey Suckle”
Theme: Transient Nature of Life
What did Timothy Dwight write?
“The Smooth Devine”
Attack on Deistic Preachers
What did Noah Webster write?
“Introduction to an American Dictionary of the English Language”
(Language is a gift from God)
What are the dates for the Romantic Era?
1820-1865
What is the literary philosophy of the Romantic Era?
- Revolt against reason
- Rebellion against restriction
- Encourage individuality
- Promoted Pantheism
- Transcendentalism
What are the literary characteristics of the Romantic Era?
- Emphasized beauty (Nature)
- Individuality
- Distant in time or place setting
- Imagination
- Appeal to emotion
- Common man
- Aspirations
- Personal experiences
What are the genres of the Romantic Era?
Novel
Poetry
Short Story
Who are the writers of the Romantic Era?
Washington Irving Nathaniel Hawthorne William Cullen Bryant James Fenimore Cooper Ralph Waldo Emerson Henry Wadsworth Longfellow Edgar Allen Poe Herman Melville Harriet Beecher Stowe Henry David Thoreau Walt Whitman Emily Dickinson
Who were the NY writers?
Bryant
Irving
Cooper
Who were the Fireside poets?
Longfellow
Whittier
Holmes
Lowell
Who were the Transcendental Optimists?
Emerson
Thoreau
Whitman
Who were the Transcendental Pessimists?
Poe
Melville
Hawthorne
What did Washington Irving write?
“Rip Van Winkle”
Theme: Missing out on change
What did Nathaniel Hawthorne write?
“The Scarlet Letter”
Theme: Devastating effects and consequences of sin
Other themes: Effects of isolation, the nature of evil, appearance vs. reality, and the hardening of heart.
What did William Cullen Bryant write?
“Thanatopsis”
Theme: Death is part of life
Literary Technique: Blank verse
What did James Fenimore Cooper write?
“The Pioneers”
Theme: Civilizations abuse of nature
What did Ralph Waldo Emerson write?
“Nature”
Theme: Unity of man with nature
“Self-Reliance”
Theme: Trust Yourself
What did Henry Wadsworth Longfellow write?
"A Psalm of Life" Theme: Live for a reason Literary Technique: Paradox "The Village Blacksmith" Theme: Molded to influence the world "The Song of Hiwatha" Theme: Beauty of love (Based on Indian folklore)
What did Edgar Allen Poe write?
"The Raven" Theme: Melancholy on the brink of darkness Literary Technique: Symbolism, consonance, repetition, dramatic monologue. "Annabel Lee" "A Dream within a Dream" Theme: Question of reality "The Cask of Amontillado" Theme: Deadly vengeance Literary Technique: Irony and gothic
What did Herman Melville write?
"Moby Dick" Theme: Mans mental struggle against the forces of evil Symbols: Sea = Vastness Moby Dick = Evil, death, terror Pequod = Doom Quequeds coffin = Death/Life Starbuck = Voice of reason
What did Harriet Beecher Stowe write?
“Uncle Tom’s Cabin”
Theme: Prejudice potential
What did Henry David Thoreau write?
“Walden”
Theme: Importance of individualism
What did Walt Whitman write?
“Song of Myself”
Theme: I celebrate myself
“When Lilacs last in the Dooryard Bloom’d”
Theme: Grief’s reconciliation with death
What did Emily Dickinson write?
“This is my letter to the world”
“Success is Counted Sweetest”
What are the dates for the Realistic Era?
1865-1900
What are literary philosophies for Realism?
Pragmatism (Practicality)
Democratic agenda (Equality)
Evolution
Mainfest Destiny
What are the Literary characteristic of of Realism?
Treat subject matter truthfully Reject emotions Emphasize the ordinary, everyday life Encourage individual development Employ local color and language
What are the genres of the Realistic Era?
Novel
Short Story
Essay
Who are the authors of the Realistic Era?
William Dean Howells Mark Twain O. Henry Sarah Orne Jewett Mary E. Wilkins Freeman Bret Harte
What did William Dean Howells write?
“Criticism and Fiction”
Theme: Criteria for art
What did Mark Twain write?
"The Notorious Jumping Frog of Calaveras County" Theme: Reality of human gullibility Literary Technique: Humor "Innocents Abroad" Literary Technique: Satire "Adventures of Huck Finn" Themes: Freedom, nature, and morality
What did Sarah Orne Jewett write?
“The White Heron”
Theme: Choosing between nature and civilization
Literary Technique: Dialect and Realistic with Romantic qualities
What did Mary E. Wilkins Freeman write?
“A Village Singer”
Theme: Bitterness is futile
Literary Technique: Imagery
What did Bret Harte write?
“The Boom in Calaveras Clarion”
Theme: Importance of communication
What are the dates for the Naturalistic Period?
1890-1920
What are the literary philosophies for the Naturalism?
Darwinism
Marxism
Determinism
Pessimism
What are the characteristics of Naturalism?
Amoral Premise Scientific Approach Man battles nature or society Nature is indifferent Extraordinary amid the ordinary
What are the themes of the Naturalistic Period?
Man is an animal Man is insignificant Everyone will be destroyed sooner or later Nature is a destructive force The world is violent and chaotic
Who are the authors of the Naturalistic Period?
Hamlin Garland
Ambrose Bierce
Stephen Crane
Jack London
What did Hamlin Garland write?
“Under the Lions Paw”
What did Ambrose Bierce write?
“An Occurrence at Owl Creek Bridge”
Literary Technique: Flashback, impressionism, and surprise ending
What did Stephen Crane write?
“The Open Boat”
Theme: Nature is hostile/Indifferent to man’s fate
Literary Technique: Repetition, horse simile, and irony
What did Jack London write?
“To Build a Fire”
Theme: Survival of the fittest
Literary Technique: Fool
What are the dates for the Modern Period?
1914-1945
What are the philosophies for the Modern Period?
Evolution Naturalism Relativism Freudianism Marxism Materialism
What are the characteristics for the Modern Period?
Alienation of modern man Rebellion Disintegration of civilization Fear, chaos, violence Moral looseness
What are the genres for the Modern Period?
Novel
Poetry
Drama
Who are the authors of the Modern Period?
Paul Lawrence Dunbar Edwin Arlington Robinson Robert Frost Amy Lowell Carl Sandburg Edgar Lee Masters T.S. Eliot James Weldon Johnson Willa Cather Ernest Hemingway
What did Paul Lawrence Dunbar write?
“We Wear the Mask”
Theme: Disguising the truth
What did Edwin Arlington Robinson write?
"Richard Corey" Theme: Self deception and emptiness "Miniver Cheevy" Theme: Romance in the midst of reality Literary Technique: Irony
What did Robert Frost write?
"The Pasture" "The Road Not Taken" Literary Technique: Metaphor "Death of a Hired Man" Theme: Coming home Literary Technique: Blank Verse "Birches" Theme: Escaping Reality Literary Technique: Understatement "Stopping by the Woods on a Snowy Evening" Theme: Beauty of Nature vs. Duty and Responsibility
What did Amy Lowell write?
“The Taxi”
What did Carl Sandburg write?
“Chicago”
Theme: Describes Chicago as a working class town
Literary Technique: Personification, cataloguing, apostrophe, and long, prose like lines
“Fog”
Literary Technique: Extended Metaphor
What did Edgar Lee Masters write?
“Spoon River Anthology”
Literary Technique: 244 free verse epitaphs
What did T.S. Eliot write?
“The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock”
Theme: Futility of man
Literary Techniques: Free verse with rhyme and complex allusions
What did James Weldon Johnson write?
“God Trombones”
Literary Technique: Free verse
What did Willa Cather write?
“Neighbor Rosicky”
Theme: Anti-Materialism
Literary Technique: Flashbacks and epiphany
What did Ernest Hemingway write?
“Old Man at the Bridge”
Theme: Terrible effects of war
Literary Technique: Journalistic style