emtb Flashcards
avusion
tissue removed from the body though three layers of skin
melena
is black and tarr like poop
digital clubbing? Cause?
A condition affecting the fingers and toes in which the extremities are broadened and the nails are shiny and abnormally curve,hypoxia
smallest part of an adults airway?
glottis
late stage hypoxia
mental status, weak plus, cyanosis
brain damage possible after?
4-6 min w/o Os
early signs of hypoxia
restlessness irritability tachycardia
v tach
rapid contraction of the heart
v fib
disorganized firing of the ventricles
not an asma irritant?
warm dusty air
male tidal vol
500-800 ml
reduced tidal volume is most likely caused from?`
unequal chest expansion
endometritis is?
inflammation of the uterus
cardiac output?
stroke vol X HR
automaticity of cardiac cells means?
the cells ability to spontaneously de polarize
nitro come in three froms and what mg
spray 0.4 - tab 0.4 - paste 1-2 inches
AED Stands for
automated external defibrillator
durning cpr where is your hand?
center of the chest lower half of breast bone!
inotropic?
contractility of the heart
schedule 1 drugs include
no medical purpose highly additive
abrupto placenta
Abdominal pain
placenta pervia
painless- Placenta previa (pluh-SEN-tuh PREH-vee-uh) occurs when a baby’s placenta partially or totally covers the mother’s cervix — the doorway between the uterus and the vagina. Placenta previa can cause severe bleeding before or during delivery
burns percent of nines for a infentant
Head, back, chest 18- Legs 13.5 each- arms 9 each dick 1
nine rule burns for a child
head 12 - back chest 18- legs 16.5- arms 9 each g 1
nine rules for adult
head 9 ,backest chest 18, arms 18 each
excessive pain during menstruation
Dysmenorrhea
gravida
refers to how many time a woman has been prego
para
how many children have came out
classic traid of preeclamspsia
hypertension poteinuria edema weight gain
edema
swelling of organs
crepitation is?
sound bones make when rubbing against each other
signs of preeclampspie
high bp
evisceration
organ out side the body
cervical spine how many vertebra
7
Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA)
DKA results from a shortage of insulin; in response the body switches to burning fatty acids and producing acidic ketone bodies that cause most of the symptoms and complications.
kussmul’s respirations
is a deep and labored breathing pattern often associated with severe metabolic acidosis, particularly diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) but also renal failure.
popliteal is palatable where
behing the knee
paradoxical motion is classified by witch injury
fail segment
arterial bleeding
bright red blood pulsating
Glasgow coma scale
Eyes- Open,4, Verbal command 3, pain 2, do not open 1
Vebal-5 talks normal-4 confused3 innaprobate words 2 sounds 1 no sounds
motor 6 obays commands, 5 locate pain, 4abduction/ withdraw from pain,3werid abbduction to pain 2 extenstion to pain 1 no movement
you can no give activated charcoal to somebody that swallowed
bleach
dyspnea
difficulty breathing
copd ppl rely on ?
oxygen levels stimulate
crackling in the lungs means
air is moving throw constricting air ways
popping sound in an airway means
air is trying to move throw liquid
oxygen consumption is based on
metabolic rate higher in children
adults 3-4 ml/kg . chilren 6-8 ml/kg
angina pectoris and meds
Stable angina is chest pain or discomfort that usually occurs with activity or stress. Angina is chest discomfort due to poor blood flow through the blood vessels in the heart. nitro
Endometriosis
inflamation of the uterus
adult cpr depth
at least 2 inch
receives de oxygenated blood
right atrium
sends blood to the lungs
right ventricle
receives o blood
left atrium
sends o blood to the body
left ventricle
the superior part of the body …
near to the head
inferior part of the body
inferior
part of the body that lies farther than the midline
lateral
proximal
closer to the trunk
distal
father away from the truck
ventral
belly side
dorsal
back
anterior
front
posterior
back
top closer to the head
superior
bottom closer to the feet
inferior
middle closer to the midline
medial
farthest! from from point of attachment
distal
closest
proximal
closest to the skin
superficial
farthest form the skin
deep
coronal
front back
transverse
top bottom
sagittal
left and right
midsagittal
midline left right equal halfs
flexion
bending of joint
extension
straightening of an joint
adduction
toward the midline
abduction
away from the midline
prone
face down on belly
supine
laying flat on back
modified trendelenburg position
shock supine feet up
fowler’s position
sitting up
recovery position
belly arm out one knee bent
ligament
bone to bone
tendon
muscle to bone
cartilage
cushion between bones
how many bones in the human body
206
where would you find the zygomatic bone?
face
pairs of ribs
12
vena cava supe
into the RA
pleural space
lining the chest wall is not really a space until blood or air leaks into it
alveoli
exchange of the co2 O2
agonal breathing
brain sends message to breathing mussels to do sum work gasping dying breaths
what happens during inhalation ?
both the inter coastal muscles and diaphragm contract
during inspiration the pural space is ….. compared to the atm pressure
negative to the atm pressure
an upper air way obstruction occurs out side of what
thorax
when ventilating a patient you should? howmany breaths over what time?
8-10breaths over 1 sec
when using the head tilt chin lift on a child it is important to…
not hyperextend the neck because this will collapse the trachea
exhalation is and ….. phase
passive
long trip and shortness of breath during exertion
maybe a pulmary embolism
baroreceptors are receptors that detect
blood pressure
brain damage begins roughly at
4-6min
LRQ sever pain may be
appendicitis
sever pain in the upper abdomen
pancreatitis
when parking your unit and the scene of hazmat you want to park your truck
uphill up wind
ob/gyn stands for
obstetric and gynecology
stage one of labor starts with labor and ends with?
complete dilation of the cervix
fetus’ cord how many veins and arteries
3 arteries and 2 veins
who regulates telecommunications
fcc
DOTS Stands for???
Deformities
Open wounds
tenderness
Swelling
fibrous membrane that separates muscles is Known as
fascia
MCI - who would you tag red?
Immediate pts , touble with abc head injury signs of shock transport them first and closer place
yellow tag mci
these pts can hold off till the redtags are treated
greann mci tag
pt can walk treatment and transport can be delayed
black tag!
dead or low chance of surviving
atrial kick
describes why the amount of blood got to the V after the A Kicks
stabbing in the LRQ just below the rib may puncture the
vena cava
valve between the RA RV
Tricuspid
Valve between LA LV
bicuspid
LUQ stab what organ affected
spleen
In what position would you expect a patient with severe dyspnea to be in
Fowlers
Seizures in children MOST often are the result of
Rise in body temp
is caused by a ruptured artery in the brain, resulting in intracerebral bleeding, cerebral ischemia, and increased intracranial pressure.
Hemorrhagic stroke
occurs when a clot occludes a cerebral artery
ischemic stroke (accounts for approximately 80% of all strokes)
If the clot forms locally, it is referred to as a
thrombotic stroke
if the clot travels to the brain from another part of the body, it is referred to as an
embolic stroke.
Sudden cardiac arrest in the adult population is MOST often the result of:
a cardiac dysrhythmia or V Fib
Which of the following vaccinations is NOT currently recommended by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
smalpox
is an inflammation of the protective coverings of the brain and spinal cord (meninges). Common signs and symptoms of meningitis include fever, headache, neck stiffness (nuchal rigidity), and vomiting.
Meningitis
An inaccurate pulse oximetry reading may be caused by:
exxsessive blood cells
While assessing a patient with chest pain, you note that his pulse is irregular. This indicates:
abnormalities in the heart’s electrical conduction system.
white blood cells
fights infection
redbloodcells
(hemoglobin) transports Os
plasma
transports carbon dioxide
the part that separates left and right sides of the heart
septum
lower airway starts at the
larynx
cheyne stokes breathing
seen in head injuries
eupnea
normal breathing
apnea
no breathing
bronchitis
cough greenish brown sputum
prego woman, sharp ripping pain lower ab pain and states she’s starting contractions but then stops when pain stops and your findings of a tender ridig ab along with signs of shock
uterine rupture
child is premature when how many weeks
37
ecchymosis
bruise
Surfactant is a
lubricant that lines the alveolar walls.
pancreas
produces insulin
(hematemesis)
blooding throw up
rectal bleeding
hematochezia
Insulin shock results from
results from a low blood glucose level (hypoglycemia) and is characterized by a rapid onset; altered mental status; and cool, clammy skin
Meningitis
is an inflammation of the protective coverings of the brain and spinal cord (meninges). Common signs and symptoms of meningitis include fever, headache, neck stiffness (nuchal rigidity), and vomiting. An altered mental status is common in severe cases. Meningococcal meningitis, caused by a bacterium, is the most contagious and potentially fatal type of meningitis. The patient’s signs and symptoms are not consistent with acute stroke, tuberculosis (TB), or influenza (the flu). Although fever is common with both TB and the flu, neither causes neck stiffness. Acute stroke may be associated with a headache, especially a hemorrhagic stroke; however, stroke patients typically do not have a fever.
apgar stands for
Appearance, Pulse, Grimace, Activity, and Respirations. 0,1,2
A score of 1 is assigned for appearance if the newborn’s body is pink, but its hands and feet remain blue. If its heart rate is greater than 100 beats/min, it receives a score of 2 for the pulse. If it cries and tries to move its foot away when soles of its feet are flicked, it is assigned a score of 2 for grimace/irritability. If it resists attempts to straighten its hips and knees, a score of 2 is assigned for activity/muscle tone. If its respirations are rapid, a score of 2 is assigned.
vertex presentation
baby head comes out
breech presentation
something that the head comes out
Breech presentations are associated with a higher incidence of
prolapse cord is a condition in which a part of the umbilical cord precedes the presenting part of the baby
According to the pediatric rule of nines,
the child’s head represents 18% of his or her total body surface area (TBSA), the anterior chest represents 9% (the entire anterior torso [chest and abdomen] represents 18%), and each entire upper extremity represents 9%. Therefore, burns to the head, anterior chest, and both upper extremities cover 45% of the child’s TBSA. The rule of nines is modified for infants and children. The head accounts for 18% of the child’s TBSA (9% in adults) because the head is proportionately larger than an adult’s. The lower extremities account for 13.5% (some references cite 14%) of the child’s TBSA (18% in adults) because the child’s lower extremities are proportionately smaller than an adult’s.
Preeclampsia typically develops after the
20th week hapens with first preys most
When is it MOST appropriate to clamp and cut the umbilical cord?
when the cord stops pulsating
Labor is divided into three stages.
The first stage begins with the onset of contractions and ends when the cervix is fully dilated. In the field, the EMT cannot determine the degree of cervical dilation, so the appearance of the baby’s head at the vaginal opening (crowning) is used to mark the end of the first stage of labor. As the first stage of labor progresses, the mother’s contractions become more frequent and regular. The second stage of labor begins with full cervical dilation (or in the field, crowning) and ends when the baby is completely delivered. The third stage of labor begins with the birth of the baby and ends when the placenta (afterbirth) has delivered.
during delivery Gentle pressure should be applied to the baby’s head during
crowning
A child typically begins to develop stranger anxiety when he or she is a/an
toddler
After the baby’s head delivers, it is usually tilted:
posterly (facedown) then tilted to one side
signs or symptoms is MOST suggestive of a systemic reaction following ingestion of a poison
tac car hyopten
The heart has four layers
. The inner layer is called the endocardium, the middle layer is composed of muscle and is called the myocardium (myo = muscle), and the outer layer of the heart itself is called the epicardium. The pericardium, which is a thin, fibrous membrane, encapsulates the entire heart.
Hemothorax occurs
when blood gets in the pleural space and compresses the lung
You should suspect a hemothorax if a patient with
chest trauma presents with shock
