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emtb Flashcards

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1
Q

avusion

A

tissue removed from the body though three layers of skin

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2
Q

melena

A

is black and tarr like poop

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3
Q

digital clubbing? Cause?

A

A condition affecting the fingers and toes in which the extremities are broadened and the nails are shiny and abnormally curve,hypoxia

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4
Q

smallest part of an adults airway?

A

glottis

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5
Q

late stage hypoxia

A

mental status, weak plus, cyanosis

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6
Q

brain damage possible after?

A

4-6 min w/o Os

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7
Q

early signs of hypoxia

A

restlessness irritability tachycardia

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8
Q

v tach

A

rapid contraction of the heart

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9
Q

v fib

A

disorganized firing of the ventricles

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10
Q

not an asma irritant?

A

warm dusty air

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11
Q

male tidal vol

A

500-800 ml

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12
Q

reduced tidal volume is most likely caused from?`

A

unequal chest expansion

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13
Q

endometritis is?

A

inflammation of the uterus

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14
Q

cardiac output?

A

stroke vol X HR

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15
Q

automaticity of cardiac cells means?

A

the cells ability to spontaneously de polarize

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16
Q

nitro come in three froms and what mg

A

spray 0.4 - tab 0.4 - paste 1-2 inches

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17
Q

AED Stands for

A

automated external defibrillator

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18
Q

durning cpr where is your hand?

A

center of the chest lower half of breast bone!

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19
Q

inotropic?

A

contractility of the heart

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20
Q

schedule 1 drugs include

A

no medical purpose highly additive

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21
Q

abrupto placenta

A

Abdominal pain

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22
Q

placenta pervia

A

painless- Placenta previa (pluh-SEN-tuh PREH-vee-uh) occurs when a baby’s placenta partially or totally covers the mother’s cervix — the doorway between the uterus and the vagina. Placenta previa can cause severe bleeding before or during delivery

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23
Q

burns percent of nines for a infentant

A

Head, back, chest 18- Legs 13.5 each- arms 9 each dick 1

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24
Q

nine rule burns for a child

A

head 12 - back chest 18- legs 16.5- arms 9 each g 1

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25
Q

nine rules for adult

A

head 9 ,backest chest 18, arms 18 each

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26
Q

excessive pain during menstruation

A

Dysmenorrhea

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27
Q

gravida

A

refers to how many time a woman has been prego

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28
Q

para

A

how many children have came out

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29
Q

classic traid of preeclamspsia

A

hypertension poteinuria edema weight gain

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30
Q

edema

A

swelling of organs

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31
Q

crepitation is?

A

sound bones make when rubbing against each other

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32
Q

signs of preeclampspie

A

high bp

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33
Q

evisceration

A

organ out side the body

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34
Q

cervical spine how many vertebra

A

7

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35
Q

Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA)

A

DKA results from a shortage of insulin; in response the body switches to burning fatty acids and producing acidic ketone bodies that cause most of the symptoms and complications.

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36
Q

kussmul’s respirations

A

is a deep and labored breathing pattern often associated with severe metabolic acidosis, particularly diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) but also renal failure.

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37
Q

popliteal is palatable where

A

behing the knee

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38
Q

paradoxical motion is classified by witch injury

A

fail segment

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39
Q

arterial bleeding

A

bright red blood pulsating

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40
Q

Glasgow coma scale

A

Eyes- Open,4, Verbal command 3, pain 2, do not open 1
Vebal-5 talks normal-4 confused3 innaprobate words 2 sounds 1 no sounds
motor 6 obays commands, 5 locate pain, 4abduction/ withdraw from pain,3werid abbduction to pain 2 extenstion to pain 1 no movement

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41
Q

you can no give activated charcoal to somebody that swallowed

A

bleach

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42
Q

dyspnea

A

difficulty breathing

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43
Q

copd ppl rely on ?

A

oxygen levels stimulate

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44
Q

crackling in the lungs means

A

air is moving throw constricting air ways

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45
Q

popping sound in an airway means

A

air is trying to move throw liquid

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46
Q

oxygen consumption is based on

A

metabolic rate higher in children

adults 3-4 ml/kg . chilren 6-8 ml/kg

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47
Q

angina pectoris and meds

A

Stable angina is chest pain or discomfort that usually occurs with activity or stress. Angina is chest discomfort due to poor blood flow through the blood vessels in the heart. nitro

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48
Q

Endometriosis

A

inflamation of the uterus

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49
Q

adult cpr depth

A

at least 2 inch

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50
Q

receives de oxygenated blood

A

right atrium

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51
Q

sends blood to the lungs

A

right ventricle

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52
Q

receives o blood

A

left atrium

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53
Q

sends o blood to the body

A

left ventricle

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54
Q

the superior part of the body …

A

near to the head

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55
Q

inferior part of the body

A

inferior

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56
Q

part of the body that lies farther than the midline

A

lateral

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57
Q

proximal

A

closer to the trunk

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58
Q

distal

A

father away from the truck

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59
Q

ventral

A

belly side

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60
Q

dorsal

A

back

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61
Q

anterior

A

front

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62
Q

posterior

A

back

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63
Q

top closer to the head

A

superior

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64
Q

bottom closer to the feet

A

inferior

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65
Q

middle closer to the midline

A

medial

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66
Q

farthest! from from point of attachment

A

distal

67
Q

closest

A

proximal

68
Q

closest to the skin

A

superficial

69
Q

farthest form the skin

A

deep

70
Q

coronal

A

front back

71
Q

transverse

A

top bottom

72
Q

sagittal

A

left and right

73
Q

midsagittal

A

midline left right equal halfs

74
Q

flexion

A

bending of joint

75
Q

extension

A

straightening of an joint

76
Q

adduction

A

toward the midline

77
Q

abduction

A

away from the midline

78
Q

prone

A

face down on belly

79
Q

supine

A

laying flat on back

80
Q

modified trendelenburg position

A

shock supine feet up

81
Q

fowler’s position

A

sitting up

82
Q

recovery position

A

belly arm out one knee bent

83
Q

ligament

A

bone to bone

84
Q

tendon

A

muscle to bone

85
Q

cartilage

A

cushion between bones

86
Q

how many bones in the human body

A

206

87
Q

where would you find the zygomatic bone?

A

face

88
Q

pairs of ribs

A

12

89
Q

vena cava supe

A

into the RA

90
Q

pleural space

A

lining the chest wall is not really a space until blood or air leaks into it

91
Q

alveoli

A

exchange of the co2 O2

92
Q

agonal breathing

A

brain sends message to breathing mussels to do sum work gasping dying breaths

93
Q

what happens during inhalation ?

A

both the inter coastal muscles and diaphragm contract

94
Q

during inspiration the pural space is ….. compared to the atm pressure

A

negative to the atm pressure

95
Q

an upper air way obstruction occurs out side of what

A

thorax

96
Q

when ventilating a patient you should? howmany breaths over what time?

A

8-10breaths over 1 sec

97
Q

when using the head tilt chin lift on a child it is important to…

A

not hyperextend the neck because this will collapse the trachea

98
Q

exhalation is and ….. phase

A

passive

99
Q

long trip and shortness of breath during exertion

A

maybe a pulmary embolism

100
Q

baroreceptors are receptors that detect

A

blood pressure

101
Q

brain damage begins roughly at

A

4-6min

102
Q

LRQ sever pain may be

A

appendicitis

103
Q

sever pain in the upper abdomen

A

pancreatitis

104
Q

when parking your unit and the scene of hazmat you want to park your truck

A

uphill up wind

105
Q

ob/gyn stands for

A

obstetric and gynecology

106
Q

stage one of labor starts with labor and ends with?

A

complete dilation of the cervix

107
Q

fetus’ cord how many veins and arteries

A

3 arteries and 2 veins

108
Q

who regulates telecommunications

A

fcc

109
Q

DOTS Stands for???

A

Deformities
Open wounds
tenderness
Swelling

110
Q

fibrous membrane that separates muscles is Known as

A

fascia

111
Q

MCI - who would you tag red?

A

Immediate pts , touble with abc head injury signs of shock transport them first and closer place

112
Q

yellow tag mci

A

these pts can hold off till the redtags are treated

113
Q

greann mci tag

A

pt can walk treatment and transport can be delayed

114
Q

black tag!

A

dead or low chance of surviving

115
Q

atrial kick

A

describes why the amount of blood got to the V after the A Kicks

116
Q

stabbing in the LRQ just below the rib may puncture the

A

vena cava

117
Q

valve between the RA RV

A

Tricuspid

118
Q

Valve between LA LV

A

bicuspid

119
Q

LUQ stab what organ affected

A

spleen

120
Q

In what position would you expect a patient with severe dyspnea to be in

A

Fowlers

121
Q

Seizures in children MOST often are the result of

A

Rise in body temp

122
Q

is caused by a ruptured artery in the brain, resulting in intracerebral bleeding, cerebral ischemia, and increased intracranial pressure.

A

Hemorrhagic stroke

123
Q

occurs when a clot occludes a cerebral artery

A

ischemic stroke (accounts for approximately 80% of all strokes)

124
Q

If the clot forms locally, it is referred to as a

A

thrombotic stroke

125
Q

if the clot travels to the brain from another part of the body, it is referred to as an

A

embolic stroke.

126
Q

Sudden cardiac arrest in the adult population is MOST often the result of:

A

a cardiac dysrhythmia or V Fib

127
Q

Which of the following vaccinations is NOT currently recommended by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

A

smalpox

128
Q

is an inflammation of the protective coverings of the brain and spinal cord (meninges). Common signs and symptoms of meningitis include fever, headache, neck stiffness (nuchal rigidity), and vomiting.

A

Meningitis

129
Q

An inaccurate pulse oximetry reading may be caused by:

A

exxsessive blood cells

130
Q

While assessing a patient with chest pain, you note that his pulse is irregular. This indicates:

A

abnormalities in the heart’s electrical conduction system.

131
Q

white blood cells

A

fights infection

132
Q

redbloodcells

A

(hemoglobin) transports Os

133
Q

plasma

A

transports carbon dioxide

134
Q

the part that separates left and right sides of the heart

A

septum

135
Q

lower airway starts at the

A

larynx

136
Q

cheyne stokes breathing

A

seen in head injuries

137
Q

eupnea

A

normal breathing

138
Q

apnea

A

no breathing

139
Q

bronchitis

A

cough greenish brown sputum

140
Q

prego woman, sharp ripping pain lower ab pain and states she’s starting contractions but then stops when pain stops and your findings of a tender ridig ab along with signs of shock

A

uterine rupture

141
Q

child is premature when how many weeks

A

37

142
Q

ecchymosis

A

bruise

143
Q

Surfactant is a

A

lubricant that lines the alveolar walls.

144
Q

pancreas

A

produces insulin

145
Q

(hematemesis)

A

blooding throw up

146
Q

rectal bleeding

A

hematochezia

147
Q

Insulin shock results from

A

results from a low blood glucose level (hypoglycemia) and is characterized by a rapid onset; altered mental status; and cool, clammy skin

148
Q

Meningitis

A

is an inflammation of the protective coverings of the brain and spinal cord (meninges). Common signs and symptoms of meningitis include fever, headache, neck stiffness (nuchal rigidity), and vomiting. An altered mental status is common in severe cases. Meningococcal meningitis, caused by a bacterium, is the most contagious and potentially fatal type of meningitis. The patient’s signs and symptoms are not consistent with acute stroke, tuberculosis (TB), or influenza (the flu). Although fever is common with both TB and the flu, neither causes neck stiffness. Acute stroke may be associated with a headache, especially a hemorrhagic stroke; however, stroke patients typically do not have a fever.

149
Q

apgar stands for

A

Appearance, Pulse, Grimace, Activity, and Respirations. 0,1,2

A score of 1 is assigned for appearance if the newborn’s body is pink, but its hands and feet remain blue. If its heart rate is greater than 100 beats/min, it receives a score of 2 for the pulse. If it cries and tries to move its foot away when soles of its feet are flicked, it is assigned a score of 2 for grimace/irritability. If it resists attempts to straighten its hips and knees, a score of 2 is assigned for activity/muscle tone. If its respirations are rapid, a score of 2 is assigned.

150
Q

vertex presentation

A

baby head comes out

151
Q

breech presentation

A

something that the head comes out

152
Q

Breech presentations are associated with a higher incidence of

A

prolapse cord is a condition in which a part of the umbilical cord precedes the presenting part of the baby

153
Q

According to the pediatric rule of nines,

A

the child’s head represents 18% of his or her total body surface area (TBSA), the anterior chest represents 9% (the entire anterior torso [chest and abdomen] represents 18%), and each entire upper extremity represents 9%. Therefore, burns to the head, anterior chest, and both upper extremities cover 45% of the child’s TBSA. The rule of nines is modified for infants and children. The head accounts for 18% of the child’s TBSA (9% in adults) because the head is proportionately larger than an adult’s. The lower extremities account for 13.5% (some references cite 14%) of the child’s TBSA (18% in adults) because the child’s lower extremities are proportionately smaller than an adult’s.

154
Q

Preeclampsia typically develops after the

A

20th week hapens with first preys most

155
Q

When is it MOST appropriate to clamp and cut the umbilical cord?

A

when the cord stops pulsating

156
Q

Labor is divided into three stages.

A

The first stage begins with the onset of contractions and ends when the cervix is fully dilated. In the field, the EMT cannot determine the degree of cervical dilation, so the appearance of the baby’s head at the vaginal opening (crowning) is used to mark the end of the first stage of labor. As the first stage of labor progresses, the mother’s contractions become more frequent and regular. The second stage of labor begins with full cervical dilation (or in the field, crowning) and ends when the baby is completely delivered. The third stage of labor begins with the birth of the baby and ends when the placenta (afterbirth) has delivered.

157
Q

during delivery Gentle pressure should be applied to the baby’s head during

A

crowning

158
Q

A child typically begins to develop stranger anxiety when he or she is a/an

A

toddler

159
Q

After the baby’s head delivers, it is usually tilted:

A

posterly (facedown) then tilted to one side

160
Q

signs or symptoms is MOST suggestive of a systemic reaction following ingestion of a poison

A

tac car hyopten

161
Q

The heart has four layers

A

. The inner layer is called the endocardium, the middle layer is composed of muscle and is called the myocardium (myo = muscle), and the outer layer of the heart itself is called the epicardium. The pericardium, which is a thin, fibrous membrane, encapsulates the entire heart.

162
Q

Hemothorax occurs

A

when blood gets in the pleural space and compresses the lung

163
Q

You should suspect a hemothorax if a patient with

A

chest trauma presents with shock

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