EMT244-2 Flashcards
Most common spots for peptic ulcers is:
Stomach and duodenum
Medical tem for a Pt vomiting bright red blood:
hematemesis
Vascular disorder that has the greatest likelihood of becoming life threatening:
Aortic aneurysm
Treatment for, Pregnant Pt, complains of severe abdominal pain, under the left side of diaphragm:
Administer high-flow O2
Drug with greatest benefit for Pt with rapid A-fib
Calcium channel blocker
57 Y/O Pt, 5-day history of abdominal pain, heartburn and dark tarry stool
H-pylori caused chronic gastroenteritis
38 Y/O Pt, pale, cool, clammy. Abdominal pain for the last month, as well as black, foul smelling feces. R28, Pulse 120, 70/50. Most appropriate field diagnosis
Hypovolemia from rapid GI bleed; fluid and transport
Hemorrhaging from the mouth, extreme dyspnea and cyanosis, Hx of liver cirrhosis
Esophageal varices
Pathophysiology that ensues from vomiting and diarrhea, secondary to acute gastroenteritis. Respiratory symptoms typically include increase in tidal volume and RR. This change in respiratory system mechanics is result from:
Respiratory compensation of metabolic acidosis
Pt with Hx of renal failure who is dehydrated, most important consideration in terms of IV fluid?
continous monitor for over hydration
Catecholamines
EPI, Nor EPI, Dopamine
Indolamines
Serotonin, Histamine
Serotonin effects:
sleep and mood
Which cells transport O2, move gases around the circulatory system
RBC
Pathogens leading to bacterial meningitis:
How is it spread:
Neisseria meningitidis (n. meningitis)
Airborne pathogens
Organ responsible for increase in WBC:
Bone marrow
lymph glands
thymus
spleen
Most common sign of infection
Fever
Body system affected by tetanus:
CNS
Most common symptom of Tetanus:
Trismus; spasm/grimace of the jaw
Rabies virus is carried by:
Saliva
Rabies is associated with what sign and symptom:
hydrophobia; intense thirst, but drinks cause painful spasms
Meningitis
Stiff neck, meningococcal
What do RBC’s do?
Transport O2, move gases around circulatory system
Treatment for Carbon monoxide poisoning?
Half-life with and with out O2?
High flow O2
4 hours, reduced to 30 to 90 minutes with O2
Iron turns from:
ferrous +2 to ferric +3
Communicable disease is:
infectious disease that can be transmitted from one person to another
Infectious disease is:
any illness caused by a specific germ
Chain of transmission:
Pathogenic agent Reservoir Portal of exit Transmission Portal of entry Host susceptibility
Coumadin effects which vitamin:
and has what effect?
K
effects clotting factors
WBC’s that defend against pathogens?
Leucocytes
Phagocytes include and are what type of immunity:
Macrophages, dendritic, neutrophils
non specific immunity
leucocytes Innate: T or F
Innate True
Lymphocytes are the:
base cells of the lymphatic system
Cell mediated immunity involves which type of cells:
T-cells
Femoral Immunity involves which type of cells:
B-cells
Platlets do what:
clotting mechanism
Most common route of lead poisoning in children:
eating paint chips
Elderly overdose most common:
Digoxin; cardiac meds
Cell that interacts w/ IGE:
Basophils
IGE is related to:
allergic reaction
What is it called when you need more of something to achieve the desired effect?
Tolerance
What is it called when you take more than the prescribed amount of a medication?
Overdose
4 routes of poisoning:
Ingestion, Inhalation, Injection and absorption
Stages of infectious disease:
Latent, Incubation, Communicability, Disease
Latent period:
Range:
CANT BE PASSED
Flu- 24-72 hours
Incubation period:
Range:
time between infection and first sign of symptoms
PATHOGENS GROW
ranges from hours to 15+years
Poison is:
an substance that causes harmful physiological or psychological effects
Most medications are absorbed where?
Small intestine
Barbital is considered what type of medication:
barbiturates
schizophrenia S&S:
characterized by recurrent episodes of psychotic behavior
paranoia, hearing voices
Schizophrenia Pt’s who are medicated:
Can function well
Multiple personality disorder is considered:
dissociative disorder
Opiate S&S
pinpoint pupils, depressed respiratory
What is the dose and reason for Narcan use:
2mg, used to address respiratory depression
Epstein bar virus causes what:
Mono, from exposure to saliva
Mono S&S:
Tired, fever, oral discharge
SLUDGE:
Salivation Lacrimation Urination Defecation GI distress Emesis
related to Organophosphate poisoning
syphilis is what type of infection:
Bacterial
Lesions
head to toe rash/fever
goes to the brain
Herpes is:
Viral
chlamydia:
most people don’t show signs
Antigen is a response from:
inside the body
Allergin is a response from:
outside the body
Blood type O is considered the:
Universal donor
Blood type AB is considered the:
universal recipient
High Altitude illness you will see:
Pulmonary edema and then Cerebral edema
Scabies you will see;
Itchy/Rash on fingers and toes
Lice is a:
parasite that lives in your hair
Cyanide poisoning effects:
ATP/Kerbs cycle
Lime disease comes from:
What will you see:
Deer ticks
red dot w/ lesion and bullseye
Hanta Virus comes from:
and can cause what:
Rodants
hemorrhagic virus
Inflammatory response is what type of response:
Innate response
Cyanide smells like:
Almonds
Chlorine mixes with water and becomes:
hydrochloride which is corrosive
Anemia is a deficiency in what:
Iron in the blood, can be common in sickle cell disease and effect blood clotting
tetanus comes from:
rusty metal, give immunoglobulins to treat
Pneumonia can be:
Bacterial or Viral
and is a secondary sickness
Flu is always:
Viral
Pt with TB will have a productive cough with:
Pink frothiness, which comes from blood
TB S&S:
Night sweats
Weight Loss
Coughing blood
Rabies comes from:
Silvia in bite, cause hydrophobia
leukemia is:
and is common in:
S&S:
Cancer of the blood
Common in children
Bruise easy, Abdominal fullness and non specific bone pain
Hodgkins disease is:
painless, progressive enlargement of the lymphoid tissue
HIV is related to which cells:
T-cells, lymphocytes
Female hemoglobin:
Male hemoglobin:
12-16
13.5-18
Female hemocrit:
Male hemocrit:
38%-47%
42%-52%
Hypothermic Pt may develop what ECG wave form:
Osborne
Cocaine S&S:
Tacky, hypertension, dilated pupils
Heat cramps
brief muscular cramps, caused by sodium and water loss
Heat Exhaustion
dizziness, nausea, headache, profuse sweating, causes electrolyte imbalances
103 F
Heat stroke
bodies heat regulating mechanisms breakdown completely
105.8 F
Treatment for TCA and Aspirin OD:
Sodium Bicarb
Gonorrhea is transmitted by:
fluid and puss from infected mucous membranes
Pathogens can live in:
plants, soil, food and water
SLUDGE process:
inhibits acetylcholinesterase, resulting in building up of acetylcholine. This causes a wet Pt
Communicability period:
SPEAD-SYMPTOMS APPEAR
Disease period:
MAY RID BODY DURING THIS PROCESS
