EMT244-2 Flashcards by Daniel Cramblit

Most common spots for peptic ulcers is:

Stomach and duodenum

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Medical tem for a Pt vomiting bright red blood:

hematemesis

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Vascular disorder that has the greatest likelihood of becoming life threatening:

Aortic aneurysm

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Treatment for, Pregnant Pt, complains of severe abdominal pain, under the left side of diaphragm:

Administer high-flow O2

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Drug with greatest benefit for Pt with rapid A-fib

Calcium channel blocker

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57 Y/O Pt, 5-day history of abdominal pain, heartburn and dark tarry stool

H-pylori caused chronic gastroenteritis

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38 Y/O Pt, pale, cool, clammy. Abdominal pain for the last month, as well as black, foul smelling feces. R28, Pulse 120, 70/50. Most appropriate field diagnosis

Hypovolemia from rapid GI bleed; fluid and transport

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Hemorrhaging from the mouth, extreme dyspnea and cyanosis, Hx of liver cirrhosis

Esophageal varices

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Pathophysiology that ensues from vomiting and diarrhea, secondary to acute gastroenteritis. Respiratory symptoms typically include increase in tidal volume and RR. This change in respiratory system mechanics is result from:

Respiratory compensation of metabolic acidosis

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Pt with Hx of renal failure who is dehydrated, most important consideration in terms of IV fluid?

continous monitor for over hydration

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Catecholamines

EPI, Nor EPI, Dopamine

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Indolamines

Serotonin, Histamine

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Serotonin effects:

sleep and mood

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Which cells transport O2, move gases around the circulatory system

RBC

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Pathogens leading to bacterial meningitis:

How is it spread:

Neisseria meningitidis (n. meningitis)

Airborne pathogens

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Organ responsible for increase in WBC:

Bone marrow
lymph glands
thymus
spleen

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Most common sign of infection

Fever

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Body system affected by tetanus:

CNS

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Most common symptom of Tetanus:

Trismus; spasm/grimace of the jaw

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Rabies virus is carried by:

Saliva

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Rabies is associated with what sign and symptom:

hydrophobia; intense thirst, but drinks cause painful spasms

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Meningitis

Stiff neck, meningococcal

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What do RBC’s do?

Transport O2, move gases around circulatory system

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Treatment for Carbon monoxide poisoning?

Half-life with and with out O2?

High flow O2

4 hours, reduced to 30 to 90 minutes with O2

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Iron turns from:

ferrous +2 to ferric +3

Communicable disease is:

infectious disease that can be transmitted from one person to another

Infectious disease is:

any illness caused by a specific germ

Chain of transmission:

``` Pathogenic agent Reservoir Portal of exit Transmission Portal of entry Host susceptibility ```

Coumadin effects which vitamin: | and has what effect?

K | effects clotting factors

WBC's that defend against pathogens?

Leucocytes

Phagocytes include and are what type of immunity:

Macrophages, dendritic, neutrophils | non specific immunity

leucocytes Innate: T or F

Innate True

Lymphocytes are the:

base cells of the lymphatic system

Cell mediated immunity involves which type of cells:

T-cells

Femoral Immunity involves which type of cells:

B-cells

Platlets do what:

clotting mechanism

Most common route of lead poisoning in children:

eating paint chips

Elderly overdose most common:

Digoxin; cardiac meds

Cell that interacts w/ IGE:

Basophils

IGE is related to:

allergic reaction

What is it called when you need more of something to achieve the desired effect?

Tolerance

What is it called when you take more than the prescribed amount of a medication?

Overdose

4 routes of poisoning:

Ingestion, Inhalation, Injection and absorption

Stages of infectious disease:

Latent, Incubation, Communicability, Disease

Latent period: | Range:

CANT BE PASSED Flu- 24-72 hours

Incubation period: | Range:

time between infection and first sign of symptoms PATHOGENS GROW ranges from hours to 15+years

Poison is:

an substance that causes harmful physiological or psychological effects

Most medications are absorbed where?

Small intestine

Barbital is considered what type of medication:

barbiturates

schizophrenia S&S:

characterized by recurrent episodes of psychotic behavior paranoia, hearing voices

Schizophrenia Pt's who are medicated:

Can function well

Multiple personality disorder is considered:

dissociative disorder

Opiate S&S

pinpoint pupils, depressed respiratory

What is the dose and reason for Narcan use:

2mg, used to address respiratory depression

Epstein bar virus causes what:

Mono, from exposure to saliva

Mono S&S:

Tired, fever, oral discharge

SLUDGE:

``` Salivation Lacrimation Urination Defecation GI distress Emesis ``` related to Organophosphate poisoning

syphilis is what type of infection:

Bacterial Lesions head to toe rash/fever goes to the brain

Herpes is:

Viral

chlamydia:

most people don't show signs

Antigen is a response from:

inside the body

Allergin is a response from:

outside the body

Blood type O is considered the:

Universal donor

Blood type AB is considered the:

universal recipient

High Altitude illness you will see:

Pulmonary edema and then Cerebral edema

Scabies you will see;

Itchy/Rash on fingers and toes

Lice is a:

parasite that lives in your hair

Cyanide poisoning effects:

ATP/Kerbs cycle

Lime disease comes from: | What will you see:

Deer ticks red dot w/ lesion and bullseye

Hanta Virus comes from: | and can cause what:

Rodants | hemorrhagic virus

Inflammatory response is what type of response:

Innate response

Cyanide smells like:

Almonds

Chlorine mixes with water and becomes:

hydrochloride which is corrosive

Anemia is a deficiency in what:

Iron in the blood, can be common in sickle cell disease and effect blood clotting

tetanus comes from:

rusty metal, give immunoglobulins to treat

Pneumonia can be:

Bacterial or Viral | and is a secondary sickness

Flu is always:

Viral

Pt with TB will have a productive cough with:

Pink frothiness, which comes from blood

TB S&S:

Night sweats Weight Loss Coughing blood

Rabies comes from:

Silvia in bite, cause hydrophobia

leukemia is: and is common in: S&S:

Cancer of the blood Common in children Bruise easy, Abdominal fullness and non specific bone pain

Hodgkins disease is:

painless, progressive enlargement of the lymphoid tissue

HIV is related to which cells:

T-cells, lymphocytes

Female hemoglobin: | Male hemoglobin:

12-16 | 13.5-18

Female hemocrit: | Male hemocrit:

38%-47% | 42%-52%

Hypothermic Pt may develop what ECG wave form:

Osborne

Cocaine S&S:

Tacky, hypertension, dilated pupils

Heat cramps

brief muscular cramps, caused by sodium and water loss

Heat Exhaustion

dizziness, nausea, headache, profuse sweating, causes electrolyte imbalances 103 F

Heat stroke

bodies heat regulating mechanisms breakdown completely 105.8 F

Treatment for TCA and Aspirin OD:

Sodium Bicarb

Gonorrhea is transmitted by:

fluid and puss from infected mucous membranes

Pathogens can live in:

plants, soil, food and water

SLUDGE process:

inhibits acetylcholinesterase, resulting in building up of acetylcholine. This causes a wet Pt

Communicability period:

SPEAD-SYMPTOMS APPEAR

Disease period:

MAY RID BODY DURING THIS PROCESS

EMT244-2 Flashcards

(96 cards)