EMT Trauma-223 Flashcards
1
Q
Compensated shock SS
A
HR-Mild Tachy, LOC, Lethargic, confused, combative, Skin- cool, delayed cap refill, BP normal to elevated.
2
Q
What is true of epistaxis?
A
Worst anterior because of compromise to the airway
3
Q
Dermatomes at umbilicus
A
T-10
4
Q
Dermatomes at xiphoid
A
T-6
5
Q
Dermatomes at nipple line
A
T-4
6
Q
Definitive of a fracture
A
mid-shaft angulation
7
Q
What part of the eye is a affected by chemical exposure
A
Conjunctiva
8
Q
Vertigo is caused by a rupture of what part of the ear drum
A
The semi-circle canals
9
Q
If 1000 Ml of blood is lost what vital sign could you expect
A
A decreased BP
10
Q
The Liver is
A
a solid organ
11
Q
Fact about drowning?
A
Fresh water drownings flushes surfactant and causes shunting
12
Q
What is the least bad type of radiation exposure to external?
A
Alpha
13
Q
Classification of rib bones?
A
Flat
14
Q
Calcanean tendon allows for?
A
plantar Flexion
15
Q
Ripping and tearing after a fall from a ladder might be?
A
A AAA, check for different pulse pressures
16
Q
If a patient has an internal dfib where are the pads placed?
A
Use your pads and don’t place them over the defib.
17
Q
What is a very ominous sign?
A
Rigid abdomen
18
Q
Cause of a lower airway?
A
Hot steam
19
Q
A patient with bad facial trauma would lead you to be concerned of?
A
Airway management
20
Q
What injury could you expect if someone got hit on the left side?
A
Kehr’s sign, Spleen injury
21
Q
Black charred skin
A
Full thickness
22
Q
Knee is dislocated with no pulses
A
Try setting it once to get pulses back
23
Q
In late decompensated shock you will see LOC because?
A
Not a high enough BP to allow for brain perfusion
24
Q
What nerve is responsible for swallowing?
A
Hypoglossal XII
25
How to transport a pregnant patient on C-spine
Tilt the board to the left side
26
What injury could a FF have after being in a fire without their SCBA
Glottic injury
27
Why would a rapid trauma assessment be stopped?
Life threat found, sucking chest wound
28
How much fluid can the pericardial hold
60-100 ML
29
Zone of coagulation is located where?
The area with the greatest damage
30
What sign to be looking for with an abdomen injury?
Firmness
31
Carbon monoxide binds to hemoglobin
250 times
32
If JVD goes away upon inspiration what should be suspected
Pulsus paradoxus
33
Best drug for compensated shock
o2
34
What is the middle shaft fracture called?
Diaphysis
35
What is the tip of the shaft fracture called/
Epiphysis
36
What is one joint that should not be manipulated
Elbow
37
What should be taken into consideration with burn patients
Peds have a greater surface area to weight ratio
38
What is the law of kinetic energy?
1/2 the mass X velocity squared
39
Percentage of inspired air is oxygen?
21%
40
Severe allergic reaction caused by histamine release, exposure to antigen?
Anaphylactic
41
What happens at the cellular level during the 3rd stage of shock?
Disseminated intravascular coagulation
42
Jacksons thermal wound theory?
zone of burn injury patterns (bullseye pattern)
43
Most common injury to spinal cord?
C5-C7
44
True of peritonitis?
Localized via somatic nerve fibers
45
Burns associated with potassium
Hypovolemia
46
When would you not remove a helmet?
When the bad out weighs the good
47
If a patient has a bleed from the left AC what should you do?
Look for any other life threats
48
Where should an anterior needle D be performed
Mid clavicular 2nd intracoastal space above the 3rd rib
49
What is the top of the skin called?
epidermis
50
What is the purpose of the dermis and epidermis?
Organ pertection
51
What is a closed soft tissue collection of pooling blood outside the vessel?
Hematoma
52
What is a breakage of veins and capaliiaries called
contusion
53
What are factors of radiation exposures?
Time, Distance, shielding (not humidity)
54
Hydrochloric acid
important if they have a respiratory complaint
55
Important to understand about A and P for electrical burns?
The current travels with blood vessels and nerves.
56
This medication could have a negative impact on bleeding?
Coumadin
57
Liver damage from rapid deceleration
Ligamentum teres laceration
58
Management for right radial laceration
Direct pressure
59
Lac to soft tissue to the eye may result in from this type of injury?
Laceration to the cornea
60
What part of the body doesn't respond well to chemicals?
eyes
61
Cigarette lighter burn description
Red and painful with no blistering
62
Where to check pulses on a adult trauma patient
Carotid
63
Blood anterior chamber of front of iris?
hyphema
64
can't cool down
heat stroke
65
partial thickness burn presents with?
Blistering
66
Why use a short board for MVC
Because it immobilizes the c and thoracic spine
67
When to post burn patients need nutrients
hypermetabolic phase
68
Law of inertia
There are three collisions in every MVC
69
Life threat during explosion
Damage to lungs
70
Impulses from the skin to CNS
Afferent
71
Impulses from brain to muscle
Efferent
72
What vessels can't constrict if lacerated
Capillaries
73
After a clavicle fracture what vessel can be injured
Subclavian
74
Where can arteries, veins, and nerves be found?
Under the ribs
75
What is not an acceptable term to describe a burn
Mild
76
Why is there a high BP in a dissecting aortic
Sympathetic nerve fibers stretching aorta
77
Why a low BP in a tension Pnuemo
Increased intrathoracic pressure decreases blood return
78
What social que might you take notice of if they look uncomfortable
A Female flexes her abdomen when you lift her shirt
79
Tension Pnuemo creates what type of shock
Obstructive
80
If a patient is severely injured and hypotensive what could be used
PASG
81
Organ located in the retroperitoneal space
Kidney
82
Hanging can be described as this type of injury
Distracting
83
Hydrochloric acid exposure may cause what?
Systemic damage even if external signs are mild
84
What can be true for facial traumas?
They can bleed a lot but are rarely a life threat
85
If bleeding can't be controlled by direct pressure what will be the next step?
Tourniquet
86
How to open a trauma patient airway
Jaw thrust
87
Why would fluid replacement be important during a hemorrhagic shock
to keep the pre-load
88
Chemical exposure into respiratory tract management
ventilate and get ready to intubate
89
How to handle amputated body parts
Wrap the bart in gauze that is moistened with gauze with NS or LR, then place the parts in a bag and on ice.
90
Stage 1 of shock
vasoconstriction up to 15% blood loss
91
Stage 2 of shock
Capillary and venule opening, 15-25% blood loss
92
Stage 3 of shock
Disseminated intravascular coagulation, 25-35% blood loss
93
Stage 4 of shock
Multiple organ failure, 35-45% blood loss
94
Becks triad
JVD, muffled heart tones, narrowing BP
95
Management of abdominal bleed
attempt to stabilize and rapidly transport for surgical interventions
96
When the pressure goes up, the volume goes down. trapped gases expand when the pressure decreases to cause barotrauma.
Boyle's Law
97
Who is more susceptible to an inhalation injury
Peds
98
The pressure exerted by each gas in a mixture of gases is the same pressure that the gas would exert if it alone occupied the same volume.
Dalton's Law
99
Most common organ in penetrating trauma
Liver (Ligamentum teres)
100
A term related to blood in the eye
Hyphema
101
This type of disability will make it more likely to be bedridden
Quadriplegic
102
When given fluid replacement to an older person
be careful not to overload them
103
This drug can reduce ICP and also increase CPP
Mannitol
104
As the body compensates for shock, peripheral vasoconstriction happens leading to what
A switch from aerobic metabolism to anaerobic
105
When responding to a call that involves severe energy injury what should be taken into account?
Scene safety
106
If you have a patient that is pinned and requires extensive extrication what should you do?
Perform supportive care and call for an Engine Co. for further extrication
107
You respond to a patient that is in respiratory distress, cyanosis, subQ emphysema what should be performed
Bilateral needle D
108
What is a definitive sign of spinal injury?
Paralysis
109
Your patient is complaining of redness on her wound following her injury that occurred yesterday, what would this tell you.
This is normal inflammation
110
Considered a very important ALS skill
Needle D
111
Burns that are associated with hyper K
Hypovolemia
112
Caused by inflammation of the labyrinth in the inner ear or damage from a blast injury
Vertigo
113
Post arrest care
1-2L, temp of 34 C
114
During any trauma if a patient takes this it increases the severity
Blood thinners
115
Parkland formula
4cc X BSA over 8 hours
116
These cells are more susceptible to radiation exposure
Reproductive
117
Primary blast can effect
hollow organs
118
If you respond to a football game for a down player what should you consider
Consult with trainer as they have a better understanding with the equipment
119
This condition the patient will have high potassium
Rhabdo
120
treatment for cyanide poisoning
Sodium thiosulfate
