EMT block 2

Question 1

inhalation

Answer 1

active muscular part of breathing

Question 2

exhalation

Answer 2

passive process

Question 3

respiration

Answer 3

gas exchange and removal of waste

Question 4

exhaled air is ?

Answer 4

16% O2
3%-5% carbon dioxide
rest nitrogen

Question 5

pulmonary ventilation

Answer 5

process of moving air into and out of lungs, is necessary for oxygenation and respiration to occur

Question 6

ulva

Answer 6

teardrop-shaped piece of soft tissue that hangs from back of throat,prevents food and liquid from going up your nose

Question 7

epiglottis

Answer 7

leaf-shaped flap of cartilage, prevents food and liquid from entering the larynx during swallowing

Question 8

pharynx is composed of ?

Answer 8

nasopharynx, oropharynx, and

larynx

Question 9

trachea or windpipe is?

Answer 9

C-shaped cartilaginous rings

Question 10

phrenic nerve is found?

Answer 10

thorax in diaphragm muscle

Question 11

during inspiration… (active process)

Answer 11

intercostal muscles move up and outward, diaphragm moves downward

Question 12

Blood flow through…

Answer 12

heart Enters RA through Venae Cavae, Enters RV through Tricuspid Valve, Exits RV through Pulmonary Valve and Enters PA, PA sends to Lungs, Returns to Heart through PV into LA, Enters LV through Mitral Valve, Exits LV through Aortic Semilunar Valve to Enter Aorta, Aorta to Body

Question 13

Normal respiratory rates

Answer 13

12-20 breaths/min in adults 12-40 breaths/min in children

Question 14

abnormal breathing =

Answer 14

crackles
stridor
wheezing
grunting 
absent breath sounds(silent chest)

Question 15

RUQ

Answer 15

liver, stomach, gallbladder, duodenum, right kidney, pancreas, right adrenal gland

Question 16

LUQ

Answer 16

liver, stomach, pancreas, left kidney, spleen, left adrenal gland;

Question 17

RLQ

Answer 17

appendix, reproductive organs, right ureter

Question 18

LLQ

Answer 18

left ureter, reproductive organs

Question 19

Liver does what?

Answer 19

regulates most chemical levels in the blood and excretes a product called bile

Question 20

pancreas does what?

Answer 20

plays essential role in converting food we eat into fuel for body’s cells

Question 21

bile ducts…

Answer 21

transport bile

Question 22

appendix does what?

Answer 22

designed to protect good bacteria in the gut

Question 23

urinary system does what?

Answer 23

filters blood and creates urine as a waste by-product

Question 24

gallbladder does what?

Answer 24

stores and concentrates bile

Question 25

Anaerobic metabolism

Answer 25

temporary backup system to allow cells to function at low energy levels for a short time, use of fats/carbohydrates as an alternative fuel supply in the absence of oxygen results in buildup of lactic acid

Question 26

Aerobic | metabolism

Answer 26

your body creates energy through the combustion of carbohydrates, amino acids, and fats in the presence of oxygen: glycolysis, transition reaction forming Acetyl Coenzyme A, citric acid(Krebs cycle), electron transport chain, chemiosmosis

Question 27

Hypoxic drive

Answer 27

backup system” to control respiration, stimulates breathing when there is less oxygen, areas in the brain, walls of the aorta, carotid arteries act as oxygen sensors, easily satisfied by minimal levels of oxygen in the arterial blood

Question 28

activated charcoal

Answer 28

1 to 2 kg for adults

Question 29

MDI

Answer 29

1 to 2 inhalation

Question 30

Asprin

Answer 30

160 to 325 mg; 160-to-325-mg chewable tablets for chest pain

Question 31

epipen

Answer 31

0.3 Adults 0.15 children

Question 32

nitroglycerin

Answer 32

0.3-0.4 mg SL, 0.4 mg spray

Question 33

oral glucose gel(glutose)

Answer 33

1/2 to 1 tube

Question 34

naloxone(narcan)

Answer 34

2 mg IN or IM auto-injector

Question 35

alupent(metaproterenol)

Answer 35

used to treat wheezing and shortness of breath from lung problems such as asthma, COPD, bronchitis, and emphysema

Question 36

visceral peritoneum

Answer 36

the layers of tissue that cover the outer surface of most organs in the abdomen, including the intestines

Question 37

pariental pertonteum

Answer 37

is the portion that lines the abdominal and pelvic cavities

Question 38

Kussmaul respirations

Answer 38

body’s attempt to reduce acid level by releasing more carbon dioxide through the lungs; typically indication that the body or organs have become too acidic

Question 39

kidney does?

Answer 39

major regulators of blood pressure, fluid balance, electrolyte balance and acid-base homeostasis, rids the body of waste, stimulates red blood cell production, produces urine, controls balance of water and salt

Question 40

osteoarthritis

Answer 40

progressive disease of the joints that destroys cartilage, promotes the formation of bone spurs in joints, and leads to joint stiffness

Question 41

2 beta blockers

Answer 41

atenolol and metoprolol,

Question 42

cardiomyopathy

Answer 42

damage to heart muscle as result of high BP, heart valve disease or other causes

Question 43

V-tach

Answer 43

150-200 bpm

Question 44

ventricular fibrillation

Answer 44

disorganized, ineffective quivering of the ventricles

Question 45

Meningitis

Answer 45

inflammation of the meningeal coverings of the brain and spinal cord

Question 46

Bones that form the pelvis

Answer 46

Bones that form the pelvis

Question 47

different layers of blood vessels

Answer 47

tunica intama tunica media tunica adventitia

Question 48

phrenic nerve

Answer 48

found in thorax responsible for diaphragm contraction | downward

Question 49

vegas nerve

Answer 49

connects the lungs

Question 50

functions of the chemo receptors medulla

Answer 50

indicate ph and breathing

Question 51

surfactants

Answer 51

makes breathing easier | -aide in perfusion and alveoli

Question 52

capnography

Answer 52

measures CO2 in exhaled air monitor ventilation

Question 53

guarding

Answer 53

pt will protect what is hurting them

Question 54

pulsus paradoxus

Answer 54

an exaggeration of the normal decrease in systolic blood pressure that occurs with respiration(due to changes in the pressure within the chest)

Question 55

MRSA

Answer 55

staff bacterial infection | resistant to many antibiotics

Question 56

toxic induced hepatitis

Answer 56

not contagious & no vaccine causing liver disease pg.572

Question 57

viral hepatitis

Answer 57

chronic infection | A&B have a vaccine

Question 58

Treatment for gastric distention in a patient that’s receiving positive pressure ventilation?

Answer 58

Positive pressure in the thorax during ventilation impedes venous blood return to the right side of the heart, decreasing cardiac output. Excessive ventilation rates during positive pressure ventilation result in a decrease in cardiac output and perfusion.

Question 59

H.O.R.I.D

Answer 59

Heart Obstructive

Question 60

adventitious sounds=

Answer 60

abnormal breath sounds

Question 61

Which of the following signs is commonly observed in patients with right-sided heart failure?

Answer 61

Dependent edema

Question 62

How does CPAP improve oxygenation and ventilation in patients with certain respiratory problems?

Answer 62

It forces the alveoli open and pushes oxygen across the alveolar membrane

Question 63

The _____ is a muscular dome that forms the inferior boundary of the thorax, separating the thorax from the abdomen.

Answer 63

diaphragm

Question 64

The space between the base of the tongue and the epiglottis is called ____.

Answer 64

Vallecula