EMT 214 Flashcards
What is a characteristic of battering?
A) Does not include physical abuse
B) Occurs between spouses or intimate partners only
C) Establishes control and fear in a relationship through violence and threats
D) Describes the abuse of children by someone other than a parent
Establishes control and fear in a relationship through violence and threats
What is the most common type of child abuse?
A) Psychological abuse
B) Sexual abuse
C) Neglect
D) Battering
Neglect
Who is the most common perpetrator of child abuse?
A) The victim’s father
B) The victim’s mother
C) A nonparental relative in the home
D) A caretaker or child-care provider
The victim’s mother
What form of child abuse is most commonly attributed to female perpetrators?
A) Sexual abuse
B) Neglect
C) Battering
D) Emotional abuse
Neglect
What is a characteristic of a child abuser?
A) Shows overt feelings of love and caring for the child
B) Feels intense guilt and remorse over his or her actions
C) Blames the child for the injury
D) Highly praises the child in public
Blames the child for the injury
What is the age range of most victims of child abuse?
A) Less than 18 months of age
B) Less than 1 year of age
C) 6 to 10 years of age
D) More than 5 years of age
Less than 1 year of age
What is the most common type of injury seen in child abuse?
A) Soft tissue injury
B) Fractures
C) Head injury
D) Abdominal injury
Soft tissue injury
What is a major factor in the likelihood of child abuse?
A) Living in a home where spouse or partner abuse occurs
B) The gender of the victim
C) The presence of non-family members in the home
D) The marital status of the caretakers
Living in a home where spouse or partner abuse occurs
Which is most suggestive of possible abuse in a 2-year-old child?
A) Second- and third-degree burns in a “V” that begins on the right side of the face and extends to the abdomen
B) Linear third-degree burns on the palm of the left hand
C) Scald burns on both lower legs from the knees down
D) Small third-degree burns at both corners of the mouth
Scald burns on both lower legs from the knees down
Paramedics are dispatched to a sexual assault. The victim exhibits petechiae of the face and conjunctiva. What would this be indicative of?
A) Closed head trauma
B) Soft tissue injury to the orbit
C) Choking of the victim
D) Pressure applied to the abdomen
Choking of the victim
Which of the following types of deafness may be curable?
A) Conductive deafness
B) Sensorineural deafness
C) Complete deafness
D) Dyskinetic deafness
Conductive deafness
What is a characteristic of sensorineural deafness?
A) Occurs when the tympanic membrane ruptures
B) Is often caused by an accumulation of earwax in the outer ear canal
C) Can be caused by water or fluid in the middle ear
D) May occur later in life because of prolonged exposure to loud noises
May occur later in life because of prolonged exposure to loud noises
Paramedics are dispatched to the home of a 42-year-old male who complains of diarrhea for the past 3 days. He has been unable to eat for the past 24 hours and would like to go to the emergency department. He is visually impaired by complete blindness and has a leader/work dog to assist him. He states that he can walk and would prefer walking to being carried on a stretcher. How should the paramedic proceed?
A) Get behind the patient and gently push him toward the stretcher
B) Insist on carrying him to the stretcher so he doesn’t injure himself
C) Allow the patient to take your arm and lead him to the stretcher
D) Take the patient by the hand and gently pull him behind you to the stretcher
Allow the patient to take your arm and lead him to the stretcher
Which of the following describes an eye disease described as damage to the optic nerve fibers caused by an increase of internal pressure?
A) Glaucoma
B) Cataract
C) Hyperopia
D) Optic Nerve Hypoplasia
Glaucoma
Stuttering is an example of which type of speech disorder?
A) Fluency
B) Dysarthria
C) Articulation
D) Voice production
Fluency
What is the definition of obesity?
A) More than 30 pounds overweight
B) Patients affected by chronic illnesses because of excessive weight
C) More than 30% body fat
D) Thirty percent or more above the ideal body weight
Thirty percent or more above the ideal body weight
What is the definition of bariatrics?
A) A weight-loss program that includes strict reduction of caloric intake
B) Any of a number of surgeries that surgically reduce the size of the stomach
C) The field of medicine focused on the treatment and control of obesity
D) Any chronic disease that is aggravated by being obese
The field of medicine focused on the treatment and control of obesity
Which would the paramedic expect in a patient with paraplegia?
A) Loss of urinary control
B) Diaphragmatic breathing
C) Ventilator dependence
D) Weakness in the upper extremities
Loss of urinary control
What causes schizophrenia?
A) A biochemical imbalance
B) Anxiety
C) Substance abuse
D) Childhood abuse
A biochemical imbalance
What are the characteristic facial features of patients with Down syndrome?
A) Folds of skin on either side of the nose that cover the inner corners of the eyes
B) A large face and large facial features
C) A small tongue and only 20 teeth
D) Eyes that are widely spaced and frequently do not move in synchronicity with each other
Folds of skin on either side of the nose that cover the inner corners of the eyes
A condition common in patients with cerebral palsy is involuntary writhing movements called ________.
A) Ataxia
B) Spastic paralysis
C) Athetosis
D) Muscular atrophy
Athetosis
Paramedics are called to a local elementary school for a special-needs 9-year-old male with an unknown medical problem. The school nurse informs EMS that the patient suffered some neurological impairment as the result of a head injury when involved in a motor vehicle collision. The patient’s 12-year-old sister is present and tells the paramedics that the patient has been vomiting all morning. While treating this patient, the paramedics observe that he overreacts to minor stimuli such as a penlight. He alternates between being profoundly agitated and periods of sleepiness and lethargy. To assess this patient’s mental status, how should the paramedic proceed?
A) Assume this is his normal mental status
B) Assess the patient using the BRAIN-ONE scale
C) Ask the patient’s sister about his normal mental status
D) Assess the patient as they would any other 9-year-old male
Ask the patient’s sister about his normal mental status
Paramedics are transporting an unresponsive cancer patient who accidentally overdosed on narcotic pain medication. The protocol states that EMS should administer naloxone for narcotic overdoses. Which intervention is most correct in the case of a cancer patient?
A) Do not administer the naloxone; the patient will go into withdrawal
B) Administer the medication through the patient’s MediPort
C) Use a higher dose of naloxone than usual because the patient takes regular doses of narcotics
D) Be especially careful to use aseptic techniques because this patient is most likely immunocompromised
Be especially careful to use aseptic techniques because this patient is most likely immunocompromised
Which of the following are NOT a known cause of Cerebral Palsy?
A) Birth trauma injuring the infants skull
B) Pregnancy induced hypertension
C) Low birth weight
D) Rh incompatibility between the mother and the fetus
Pregnancy induced hypertension
Paramedics are called to a grocery store for a 68-year-old female who suffered a ground-level fall. She informs EMS that she slipped on a water puddle and fell over forward, striking her chin on a display shelf. She is complaining of cervical neck pain. Her medical history includes arthritis, which she states has been “a product of the aging process.” This patient most likely suffers from which type of arthritis?
A) Inflammatory
B) Osteoarthritis
C) Rheumatoid
D) Restrictive
Osteoarthritis
All of the following are classic symptoms of Cystic Fibrosis Except;
A) Pale, greasy-looking, foul-smelling stools
B) Abnormally salty sweat
C) Persistent productive cough
D) Obesity
Obesity
Your 22 year old male patient is complaining of mood changes, an inability to focus on tasks and personality changes after a recent head injury. Which lobe of the cerebral cortex was most likely affected by the injury?
A) Parietal lobe
B) Occipital lobe
C) Frontal lobe
D) Brainstem
Parietal lobe
Cystic Fibrosis primarily affects which of the following?
A) Lungs
B) Liver
C) Voluntary muscles
D) Bowels
Lungs
Who is the single largest payer of home health care services in the United States?
A) Medicare
B) Veterans Administration
C) Private insurance
D) Health maintenance organizations
Medicare
Seatbelts are a form of which of the following?
A) Primary injury prevention
B) Secondary injury prevention
C) Tertiary injury prevention
D) Health promotion
Secondary injury prevention
Which of the following infectious diseases is contagious enough to warrant airborne precautions?
A) Measles
B) Ebola
C) Croup
D) Staphylococcus aureus
Measles
In what way, if any, is the initial assessment of home health care patients different from the initial assessment of acute care (out-of-home) patients?
A) The initial assessment is no different in the home health care setting
B) In the home setting, the initial assessment of airway, breathing and circulation is performed in reverse order because the majority of these patients (60%) have primary circulatory compromise
C) In the home setting, the initial assessment focuses on patient history, whereas in the field setting, the initial assessment focuses on airway, breathing and circulation
D) In the home setting, the initial assessment is performed only after the paramedic has been educated (by either the patient or a home health provider) about the home health equipment (ventilators, catheters, airway adjuncts, etc.) involved in the patient’s long-term care
The initial assessment is no different in the home health care setting
What does CPAP stand for?
A) Continuous positive airway pressure
B) Counter-pressure and airway profusion
C) Canister-powered airway pressurization
D) Continued percussion and pressurization
Continuous positive airway pressure
Which of the following oxygen systems do not have to be resupplied?
A) Liquid oxygen
B) Oxygen concentrator
C) Compressed gas
D) Nitrous system
Oxygen concentrator
Which of the following is a ventilator support system that cycles through preset levels of inspiratory and expiratory positive airway pressure?
A) CPAP
B) BiPAP
C) NIPPV
D) PEEP
BiPAP
A 47-year-old female’s home ventilator is malfunctioning. She states that during normal operation, this “poncho” style ventilator augments her inhalations by dropping the pressure in the lungs, thus drawing air in. What is this type of ventilator referred to as?
A) Compliance ventilator
B) Constant-pressure ventilator
C) Negative-pressure ventilator
D) Positive end-expiratory pressure (PEPP) ventilator
Negative-pressure ventilator
For what type of illness would a negative-pressure ventilator be recommended?
A) Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
B) Cystic fibrosis
C) Spinal cord trauma
D) Asthma
Spinal cord trauma
In the home health care setting, which of the following devices will enhance alveolar ventilation and gas exchange MOST effectively?
A) Tracheostomy
B) CPAP machine
C) An iron lung
D) Venturi mask
CPAP machine
A patient who is anxious and fighting against an endotracheal tube will typically trigger what type of ventilator alarm?
A) High-pressure
B) Low-pressure
C) Oxygen failure
D) Nonoperational
High-pressure
The “P” of the DOPE pneumonic stands for which of the following?
A) Pneumothorax
B) Pleural decompression
C) Pneumonia
D) Put it back
Pneumothorax
If your patient’s ventilator is indicating that there is water in the ventilator tubing, how should you respond?
A) Replace the tubing
B) Remove the patient’s ET tube and re-intubate
C) Disconnect the tubing and allow it to drain before reconnecting
D) Suction the tubing
Disconnect the tubing and allow it to drain before reconnecting
Your 66 year old male patient is unconscious and unresponsive. His wife states that he recently had an LVAD placed. Upon assessment your partner state’s that he cannot feel a pulse on the patient. What should be your next step?
A) Begin CPR
B) Ask the wife how long he has been like this
C) Contact the LVAD manufacturer
D) Call medical control
Contact the LVAD manufacturer
Which of the following is not a potential cause of an air embolism?
A) IV fluid containers running dry
B) Loose connections in catheter tubing
C) Catheter breakage
D) No flicking the bubbles out of a syringe before injection
No flicking the bubbles out of a syringe before injection
What are PICC, Hickman and Groshong all types of?
A) Urinary catheters
B) Ventilation machines
C) Vascular access devices
D) Ventricular shunts
Vascular access devices
What is a PEG tube a type of?
A) Vascular access device
B) Tracheostomy tube
C) Indwelling nutritional-support device
D) Urinary bladder catheter
Indwelling nutritional-support device
When inserting a urinary catheter in a male patient, how far should the catheter be advanced?
A) Urine enters the catheter
B) It is fully inserted near the point of catheter bifurcation
C) The balloon is at least 6 inches past the urethral opening
D) The balloon may be infused with up to 10 mL of fluid without excessive resistance
Urine enters the catheter
A 23-year-old female is complaining of vaginal bleeding. She states that she delivered her first child 5 weeks ago, has not had a return of her normal menstrual cycle and has a very heavy flow of dark-red vaginal bleeding. Which statement is true of this presentation?
A) This episode marks the return of this patient’s menstrual cycle
B) This may be postpartum hemorrhage, which can be delayed by up to 6 weeks
C) This is a nonemergent presentation, referred to as postpartum menorrhea, that will decrease in intensity with subsequent pregnancies and births
D) This is common finding among women who breast-feed their newborns and would require medical attention only if it continued for more than 7 to 10 days
This may be postpartum hemorrhage, which can be delayed by up to 6 weeks
Which guideline correctly identifies the parameters of infantile apnea?
A) Any respiratory effort with fewer than 30 breaths per minute
B) Cessation of breathing with accompanying seizure activity or loss of consciousness
C) Cessation of respirations for greater than 20 seconds, with bradycardia
D) Cessation of respirations for less than 10 seconds, with ventricular ectopy
Cessation of respirations for greater than 20 seconds, with bradycardia
Palliative care is a unique form of care provided for terminally ill patients. What is a primary goal of palliative care?
A) Assist the patient in finding a means of ending life (euthanasia)
B) Provide pain relief, family assurance and comfort as death approaches
C) Financially assist the patient with issues such as wills, trusts and life insurance policies
D) Help the patient find resources for alternative types of medicine in an attempt to cure or halt the disease
Provide pain relief, family assurance and comfort as death approaches
Who is palliative care programs service directed by?
A) Clergy
B) A physician
C) A social worker
D) A board composed of terminally injured patients and their families
A physician
Field of Medicine that focuses on treatment and control of obesity
bariatrics
80% of stomach is removed during what procedure?
sleeve gastrectomy
what is a special consideration when assessing a patient with emotional impairment?
assume the most serious cause
50% of children with down syndrome have what condition at birth?
heart defect
in 2016, how many Americans did not have health insurance?
28 million
what goes unnoticed in the progression of visual impairment until advanced stages?
loss of peripheral vision
when hearing loss occurs when there is damage to CNS, rather than to ear structures, it is called what?
central hearing loss
partial hearing loss often results from an ear disease, true or false?
true
mild intellectual disability often does not have a specific cause, true or false?
true
what demographic is cystic fibrosis most prevalant?
caucasians
what should be included in the care plan of a patient on home ventilator support?
description of equipment function and configuration
immediate treatment for a suspected air embolism in a patient with long term vascular access?
aspirate air and fluid
earliest form of home health care focused on what?
preventative care
you should be concerned the most about an air embolus in a patient with a:
central line
which organization supports the medical home concept?
American college of emergency physicians
what is typical in a premature baby who is discharged home?
pulmonary dysplasia
a patient who has pathologic conditions of the airway may require what in a home care setting?
alveolar ventilation
a thoracic wall disorder, in which the patient is unable to maintain adequate ventilation for long periods of time is called what?
myasthenia gravis
a condition that presents with abnormal pauses or slowing of breathing is called what?
sleep apnea
if ventilation does not improve following all check points, the paramedic should:
apply positive pressure ventilation via bag-valve device
