Emrcs Wrongs Flashcards by Darun nagarajan

UTI. Mc organism

Proteus. Urease producing.

Favours struvite stone (alkaline)

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Anal fissure associated with sickle cell or leukaemia

Leukaemia. Not sickle cell

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Contraindication to epidural

Coagulopathy
Active infections (even appendicitis)

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Annular pancreas. Most likely obstructs at

2nd part of duodenum

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Vwd and haemophilia
Apla sym

Aptt increase. Pt normal
Increased aptt

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Urea to creat ratio in dehydration

Increased

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Cephalic vein and brachial artery separated by

Bicipital aponeurosis

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VIT def
B1
B3

Beri beri
Pellagra

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Chordoma

Bone tumour. Skull base and sacrum mc. X-ray- destructive lesion with soft tissue mass

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Blood products with
Gram +ve inf-
Gram -ve inf-

Blood products with
Gram +ve inf- platelet
Gram -ve inf- packed red cells

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Best for hiv testing

P24 antigen testing

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Most imp in sepsis:

vasoconstrictor

Inotrop

Nor adr not dopamine

Dopamine

(Always give inotrop via central line)

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Lower GI bleed mc causes:
Newborn-
Less than 1 Yr-
1-2 Yr-
More than 2yr-

Lower GI bleed mc causes:
Newborn- anal fissure
Less than 1 Yr- fissure /intussusception
1-2 Yr- me Mel’s or polyp
More than 2yr- polyps or ibd

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Upper GI bleed mc causes:
Newborn-
Less than 1 Yr-
1-2 Yr-
More than 2yr-

Upper GI bleed mc causes:
Newborn- hemorrhagic disorder
Less than 1 Yr- gastritis
1-2 Yr- peptic ulcer
More than 2yr- varices

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Diaphragm disease

Formation of small compartments within small bowel. Associated with NSAIDS

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Renal tumour from a long standing staghorn calculus

Scc. Not adeno or tcc

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Which analgesic to avoid in renal transplant

NSAIDs. (Nephrotoxic)

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Ansa cervicalis

C1 c2 c3

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Salivary gland enlargement.
1. Associated with sicca or other autoimmune disorders
2. Isolated enlargement

Sjogrens

Miculicz

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Cluster randomised trial

More prone to unit of analysis error

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Very large goitre with retrosternal extension. Complication after thyroidectomy?

Tracheomalacia

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Metastatic calcification

Increased calcium levels, so deposition

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Parotid duct pierces which muscle

Buccinator

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Root of lung. Vertebral levels

T5-T7

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Left hilum structures

2 pulm veins, 1 pulm artery Bronchial artery and vein 1 primary bronchus 2 pulmonary plexus Bronchopulmonary LN

Hilum right lung structures

2 pulm vein nd 1 pulm artery 1 bronchial artery and vein 2 bronchus 2 pulm plexus LN

1st radiologic sign in perthes

Sclerosis of femoral head

Retinal and cerebellar Hemangioma

Von hippel lindau

Acid base balance in PE

Resp alkalosis due to hyperventilation

Rectal varices doc

Terlipressin

Massive PE treatment

Thrombolyse with alteplase 50 mg bolus

Knee locking. Delayed knee swelling.

Torn meniscus

Prostate lymph node

Internal iliac.

Coupling injury

Active electrode touches a metallic instrument

Drug that can be used in varicose veins

Pentoxifylline

Hypothermia. Which hormone production decreases

Insulin

Pancreatitis with b/l parotid enlargement

Viral parotitis

Duodenal atresia associated with

Trisomy 21

Proportion of patients presenting for chole will have cbd stones

10%

Pseudohematuria

Rifampicin. Quinine. Levodopa. Phenytoin

Level of hyoid bone

Chest pain. AR murmur. Inf wall MI alike ecg

PROXIMAL aorticdissection

Only inotrop that can be given in peripheral line

Metaraminol. Not nor adr or adr or dobutamine

Percentage of normotensives in pheo

10%

Approx blood loss for each class of shock : Class 1 - Class 2 - Class 3- Class 4- 3vs 4- drop in GCS in 4

Approx blood loss for each class of shock : Class 1 - < 750 Class 2 - 750-1500 Class 3- 1500- 2000 Class 4- >2000ml

False elevation of serum ferritin

Any septic focus present

Drugs tgat can cause malignant hyperthermia

Suxamethonium Halothane

Sudden stoppage of dopaminergic drugs like Ldopa and antipsychotics

Neuroleptic malignant syndrome. Hyporelfexia, lead pipe rigidity

Absorption independent of pancreatic secretion for folic acid or b12?

Folic acid. B12 needs protease action.

Upper limb (axillary/subclavian) thrombosis. Best treatment

Catheter direct tPA

VWf stabilizes

Factor 8

Iron is absorbed at Total body iron Most of iron is at

Proximal small bowel (duodenum and jejunum) 4g Hb

Thebesian veins drain into

Atrium

Sartorius innervated by

Superficial br of femoral N

Long head of biceps is innervated by

Tibial component of sciatic nerve

Acid base disorder nd calcium relation

Alkalosis lowers calcium

Brain death

Fixed pupil No corneal reflex Absent occulo vestibular reflex No response to supraorbital pressure No cough reflex Co2- 6 kpa

Crutch palsy

Radial nerve

Marfan syndrome. Defective protein

Fibrillin

Tender hyperthyroid goitre

Subacute thyroiditis

Ct indications in children

LoC> 5 mins Vomiting >3 Ent bleed Seizure Lesion > 5 cm

Superficial irregular pigmented patches with itching

Seborrhoeic wart. DO SHAVE BX

Bolam test

Professional standards met?

Consent 2 form

Parent for children

Consent 4

When pt is unable to consent

Upper third esophageal Ca

Radical chemo radio or mceveon 3 field

Hematoma in transphenoidal hypophysectomy

Bi temporal hemianopia

Atrial repolarisation on Ecg

None

Fistula in ano in crohns pt. Managed by

Loose seton

Conns syndrome. Parotid secretion Na and K

Same as kidney!! Less Na and more K

Rare disease or condition. Best study design

Case control study

Atracurium 2 important points

Histamine release Metabolised by hydrolysis. Not kidney or liver.

Malena after stoma

Diversion colitis

X-ray KUB ureter landmark

Tip of transverse process of L2 to L5

Mc adverse event following Packed red cells FFP

Pyrexia Urticaria

Popcorn cells seen in which Hodgkin lymphoma type

Lymphocyte predominant

Best investigation to assess for possible compression of upper airways eg due to retrosternal goitre

Flow volume loop

Thoracic duct Azygous vein

Right to left at louis(T4-T5). Enters left subclavian at c7 Right. Post to eso. Ascends up to T4. Arches for ward to drain into svc

Anaemia with sore tongue

B12 def

Tunneled lines popular for long term chemo

Groshong and Hickman. It’s like chemoport.

Young Asian female. Pulseless peripheries.

Takayasu. Variable cvs and cns symp.

Prolactin release stimulated by Inhibited by

Thyrotrophin releasing hormone. Dopamine #

When to stop ufH preSX

6hrs preop. Cleared from circulation by 2 hours.

Commonest cause of LGI bleed in adult

Diverticular

Uncomplicated lap chole. Risk of wound infection

3-5%

Most imp urinary acid base buffer

Phosphate

Most water is absorbed at

Jejunum and ileum

Halothane most imp side effect

Hepatotoxicity

Adrenaline dose for anaphylaxis

1:1000 im (0.5 ml)

Bleeding PR post illeocolic anastomosis

Anastomotic staple line bleed

Long standing venous ulcer. Which bx

Punch bx

Sudden spontaneous spleen rupture cause

Epstein Barr

Metastatic breast cancer with lytic deposits in femoral shaft. Mx

IM nailing. Not RT since it will reduce risk of fracture. If near neck, THR

Pancreatic secretions volume

1000-1500ml

Mc type of fistula in ano

Intersphincteric

Lymphatic drainage of female urthera

Internal iliac

Acute haemolytic transfusion reaction. Test to confirm

Direct Coombs

Chords tympani in middle ear

Medial to par flaccida

Hematuria. Textile industry. Rubber industry.

Tcc renal cancer

Causes of AVN. PLASTIC RAGS

Pancreatitis Lupus Alcohol Steroids Trauma Idiopathic,infections Caisson Radiation, rheumatoid Amyloid Gaucher Sickle cell anemia

Supination and pronation restriction. Tenderness in proximal forearm.

Radial #

Gustilo 3A- adequate skin cover Gustily 3B- inadequate skin cover gustily sc- vascular injury Management?

3A ); _ debridement and external fi'xation. Closedefect later 3B - skeletal and soft tissue reconstruction within 72hrs 3C - immediatevasador repair

Consider angioplasty when

Small well defined block. Good distal run off

Mc location of gastrinoma

Duodenum

SD percentage rule

68-95-99.7

UTI mc organism

Proteus

Associated with fissure. Conditions

Tb Crohns Syphillis Leukaemia! Not sickle cell

Tourniquet deflation changes

Fall in CVP,SVR, Increase in end tidal co2 Increased fibrinolytic Fall in temp Raised K and lactate

Division of common carotid artery