Empowerment Technologies Flashcards
Is one of the economic development pillars to gain national competitive advantage. It can improve the quality of human life because it can be used as a learning and education media, the mass communication media in promoting and campaigning practical and important issues, such as the health and social area.
ICT
That stresses the role of unified communications and the integration of telecommunications (telephone lines and wireless signals) and computers, as well as necessary enterprise software, middleware, storage, and audiovisual systems, that enable users to access, store, transmit, and manipulate information.
Information and Communications Technology
Several international companies dub the Philippines as “_________________.” There is a huge growth of ICT-related jobs around the country, one of which is the call center or BPO (Business Process Outsourcing) centers.
ICT Hub of Asia.
The World Wide Web was invented, most web pages were static. Static is also means a flat page or stationary page in the sense that the page is “as is” and cannot be manipulated by the user.
Web 1.0
Allows users to interact with the page: instead of just reading a page, the user may be able to comment or create a user account. Web 2.0 also allows users to use web browsers instead of just using operating system. Browsers can now be used for their user interface, application software and even for file storage. Most websites that we visit today are Web 2.0.
Web 2.0 or Dynamic Web Page
Features of Web 2.0
- Folksonomy
- Rich User Experience
- User Participation
- Long Tail
- Software as a Service
- Mass Participation
Allows users to categorize and classify/arrange information using freely chosen keywords (e.g., tagging). Popular social networking sites such as Twitter, Instagram, Facebook, etc. use tags that start with the pound sign (#). This is also referred to as hashtag.
Folksonomy
content is dynamic and is responsive to user’s input. An example would be a website that shows local content.
Rich User Experience
owner of the website is not only one who is able to put the content. Others are able to place a content of their own by means of comments, reviews and evaluation.
User Participation
services that are offered on demand rather than on a one-time purchase. In certain cases, time-based pricing is better than file size-based pricing or vice versa. This is synonymous o\to subscribing to a data plan that charges you for the amount of time you spent in the internet.
Long Tail
users will subscribe to a software only when needed rather than purchasing them. This is cheaper option if you do not always need to use a software.
Software as a Service
diverse information sharing through universal web access. Since most users can use the internet, Web 2.0 content is based on people from various culture.
Mass Participation
is a movement led by the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C). The W3C standard encourages web developers to include semantic content in their web pages. The term coined by the inventor of the World Wide Web, Tim Berners-Lee. Lee also noted that the Semantic Web is a component for Web 3.0.
Web 3.0 and the Semantic Web
provides a common framework that allows data to be shared and reused across application. Web 3.0 aims to do better. Example, if you search in the internet for “Where is the best place to go shopping?” Web 3.0 will aim to give you results depending on how you have made a choice in the past.
Web 3.0 and the Semantic Web
Several Problems of Web 3.0
- Compatibility
- Security
- Vastness
- Vagueness
- Logic
HTML files and current web browsers could not support Web 3.0
Compatibility
the user’s security is also in question since the machine is saving his or her preferences.
Security
the World Wide Web already contains billions of web pages.
Vastness
certain words are imprecise. The words “old” and “small” would depend on the user.
Vagueness
computer to be able to predict what the user is referring to at a given time
Logic
What are Trends in ICT?
- Convergence
- Social Media
- Mobile Technologies
- Assistive Media
is the synergy of technological advancements to work on a similar goal or task. Example: besides using your personal computer to create word documents, you can use your smartphone. Using several technologies to accomplish a task conveniently.
Convergence
is a website, application, or online channel that enables web users to create, co-create, discuss, modify and exchange user-generated content. It is also a “forms of electronic communication such as social networking, microblogging etc.” through which users create online communities to share information, ideas, personal message and other content.
Social Media
Types of Social Media (6)
a. Social Networks
b. Bookmarking Sites
c. Social News
d. Media Sharing
e. Microblogging
f. Blogs and Forums
The popularity of smartphones and tablets has taken a major rise over the years. This is largely because of the devices capability to do tasks that were originally found in personal computers. Several of these devices are capable of using high-speed internet. Today, the latest mobile devices use 4G Networking (LTE), which is currently the fastest mobile network.
Mobile Technologies
is a nonprofit service designed to help people who have visual and reading impairments. A database of audio recordings is used to read to the user.
Assistive Media
These sites are allowing you to connect with other people with the same interests or background. Example: Facebook and Google+
Social Networks
these sites are allowing you to store and manage links to various websites and resources. Most sites allow you to create a tag that allow you and others to easily search or share them. Example: StumbleUpon and Pinterest.
Bookmarking Sites
this sites allowing you to post their own news items or links to other news sources. The users can also comment on the post and comments may be also ranked. Examples: Reddit and Digg.
Social News
– this sites allowing you to upload and share media content like images, music and video. Most of the sites have additional cocial features like liking, commenting and having user profiles. Example: Flicker, Youtube and Instagram.
Media Sharing
this site allowing you to focus on short updates from the user. Those subscribed to the user will be able to receive these updates.
Microblogging
this sites allowing users to post their content. Other users are able to comment on the said topic. There are several free blogging platforms like Blogger, WordPress and Tumblr. On the other hand, forums are typically part of a certain website or web service.
Blogs and Forums
Different operating systems (7)
A. iOS
B. Android
C. Blackberry OS
D. Windows Phone OS
E. Symbian
F. WebOS
G. Windows Mobile
used in Apple devices such as the iPhone and iPad.
iOS
open source operating system developed by Google. Open source means several mobile phone companies use OS for free.
Android
used Blackberry devices.
Blackberry OS
closed source and propriety operating system developed by Microsoft®
Windows Phone OS
originally smartphone OS; used by Nokia devices
Symbian
originally used for smartphones; now used for smart TVs
WebOS
developed by Microsoft® for smartphones and pocket PCs
Windows Mobile
an information system on the Internet that allows documents to be connected to other documents by hypertext links, enabling the user to search for information by moving from one document to another.
World Wide Web
where documents and other web resources are identified by URLs, interlinked by hypertext links, and can be accessed via the Internet.
information space
a location connected to the Internet that maintains one or more pages on the World Wide Web. It is a related collection of World Wide Web WWW) files that includes a beginning file called a home page.
Website
is a hypertext document connected to the World Wide Web.It is a document that is suitable for the World Wide Web.
Web Page
Types of online platforms (10)
1.) Assistive Media
2.) Collaborative Platform
3.) Convergent Technologies
4.) Information and Communications Technology (ICT) -
5.) Mobile Media then
6.) Online Systems
7.) Social Media
8.) Web 1.0
9.) Web 2.0
10.) Web 3.0
assists people with disabilities.
Assistive Media
ideal platform for business-oriented people who share similar interests.
Collaborative Platform
The coming together of technologies to form another technology.
Convergent Technologies
A platform for communication which can easily communication by means of end devices.
Information and Communications Technology (ICT) -
Communication and sharing of information via mobile phones.
Mobile Media then
An online communication and information systems used for sharing, managing and the gathering of data
Online Systems
A platform where users can share information, interest and pictures in a virtual community.
Social Media
This page is a static page. Meaning we can’t modified but we can see their platforms.
Web 1.0
is a calculation based on the likelihood that an unauthorized user will negatively impact the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of data that you collect, transmit, or store. … Availability: Establish and enforce controls that prevent systems, networks, and software from being out of service.
Information risk
A user-generated platform that Is a dynamic website.
Web 2.0
Similar to that of a personal assistant for users as it provides most of the needs of the users.
Web 3.0
is defined as the information superhighway. This means that anyone has access to this highway, can place info, and can grab that info.
Internet
Online Safety Tips (7)
- Be mindful on what you share online.
- Do not just accept terms and conditions, read it.
- Do not share your password to anyone.
- Pass the word to never pass the password.
- Password are alike underpants (Change them often, keep them private and never share them with anyone).
- Longer password makes stronger password.
- At least 8 character long, includes at least 1 digit, includes at least 1 uppercase and 1 lowercase, includes at least 1 symbol.
- Do not talk strangers whether online or face-face.
- Never post anything about future vacations.
- Add friends you know in real life.
- Avoid visiting untrusted website
- If you have wifi at home, make it private by adding a password.
- Install and update an antivirus software on your computer.
- Buy the software, do not use pirated ones.
- Do not reply or click the links from suspicious emails.
Threats you should be aware of when using the Internet:
- Malware
- Spam
- Phishing
– a malicious program designed to replicate itself and transfer from one computer to another either through the internet and local networks or data storage like flash drives and CDs.
Virus
- a malicious program that transfers from one computer to another by any types of means.
Worm
a malicious program that disguises as a useful program but once downloaded or installed, leaves your PC unprotected and allows hackers to get your information.
Trojan
tricks the user into posing that it is a security software. It asks the user to pay to improve his/her security but in reality, they are not protected at all.
Rogue security software
a program that runs in the background without you knowing it. It has the ability to monitor what you are currently doing and typing through keylogging.
Spyware
– used to record the keystroke done by the users. This is done to steal their password or any other sensitive information. It can record email, messages or any information you type using keyboard.
Keyloggers
a program designed to send you advertisements, mostly as pop-ups.
Adware
a type of malicious software from cryptovirology that threatens to publish the victim’s data or perpetually block access to it unless a ransom is paid.
Ransomware or ransom software
an unwanted email mostly from bots or advertisers. It can be used to send malware.
Spam
an unwanted acquisition of sensitive personal information like passwords and credit card details.
Phishing
a more complicated way of phishing where it exploits the DNS (Domain Name Service) system.
Pharming
Ten Rules of Netiquette
- Remember the human.
- Adhere the same standard of behavior online that you would follow in real life.
- Know where you are in cyberspace.
- Respect other people’s time and bandwidth.
- Make yourself look good.
- Share expert knowledge.
- Help keep Flame wars under control.
- Respect other people’s privacy.
- Don’t about your power.
- Be forgiving of other people’s mistakes.
– action of breaking the terms of law. Anyone who uses it without consent is punishable by law.
Copyright Infringement
Here are some tips to avoid copyright infringement (4)
- Understand
- Be responsible
- Be creative
- Know the law
Copyright protects literary works, photographs, paintings, drawings, etc. But generally does NOT protect underlying ideas and facts. This means that you can express something using your own words, but you should credit to the source.
Understand
even if a material does not say that it is copyrighted, it is not a valid defense against copyright. Be responsible enough to know if something has a copyright.
Be responsible
ask yourself whether what you are making in something that came from you or something made from somebody else’s creativity. It is important to add your own creative genius in everything that will be credited to you.
Be creative
– there are some limitations to copyright laws. For instance in the Philippines, copyrights only last a lifetime (of the author) plus 50 years. There are also provisions for “fair use” which means that an intellectual property may be used without a consent as long as it is used in commentaries and criticisms.
Know the law
Have you ever searched the internet for certain information where the search engine returned a different result? The basic functions of a search engine can be described as crawling, data mining, indexing and query processing.
Online Research
is the act of sending small programed bots out to collect information.
Crawling
is storing the information collected by the bots. Indexing is ordering the information systematically.
Data mining
is the mathematical process in which a person’s query is compared to the index and the results are presented to that person.
Query processing
Barron and Ivers (1996) outlined the following cycle for online research projects.
Step 1: Questioning
Step 2: Planning
Step 3: Gathering
Step 4: Sorting & Sifting
Step 5: Synthesizing
Step 6: Evaluating
The two main types of software are
system software and application software.
is a set of instructions, data or programs used to operate computers and execute specific tasks.
Software
refers to user-downloaded programs that fulfill a want or need.
Application software
System software includes operating systems and any program that supports application software.
System software
is sometimes used to describe programming that mediates between application and system software, or between two different kinds of application software.
Middleware
are small applications that sometimes come with the operating system as accessories. They can also be created independently using Java or other programming languages.
Applets
Software can be purchased or acquired in the following ways (6)
- Shareware
- Liteware
- Freeware
- Public domain software
- Open source software
- Proprietary software
usually distributed on a free or trial basis, with the intention of sale when the period is over.
Shareware
a type of shareware with some capabilities disabled until the full version is purchased.
Liteware
can be downloaded for free but with copyright restrictions.
Freeware
can be downloaded for free without restrictions.
Public domain software
a type of software where the source code is furnished and users agree not to limit the distribution of improvements.
Open source software
software that remains the property of its owner/creator and is used by end users or organizations under predefined conditions.
Proprietary software
A specialized type of software that allows hardware to run is
firmware
Kinds of Materials (7)
- Pictures
- Clip Art
- Shapes
- Smart Art
- Chart
- Screenshot
- Text Wrap
this is generally a .GIF; line art drawings or images used as generic representation for ideas and objects that you might want to integrate in your document. Microsoft® Word has a library of clip arts that is built in or can be downloaded and used freely. There are still other clip arts that you can either purchase or freely downloaded and use that come from third-party.
Clip Art
there are printable objects or materials that can integrate in your document to enhance appearance or to allow some tools to use for composing ideas or messages. If you are designing the layout for a poster or other graphic material for advertising, you might find this useful.
Shapes
predefined sets of different shapes group together to form ideas that are organizational or structural in nature. If you want to graphically represent an organization, process, relationships, or flow for infographic documents, then you will find this easy and handy to use.
Smart Art
type of material that allows you to represent data characteristics and trends. Useful when you preparing reports that correlate and present data in a graphical manner.
Chart
using this material are more realistic image like when you are creating reports or manuals for trainings or procedures.
Screenshot
adjust how the image behaves around the objects or text.
Text Wrap
these are electronic or digital or photographs saved in any local storage device. There are three commonly used to types of picture files. You can identify them by the extension on their file names.
Pictures
pronounced as “jay-peg,” and is short form for .jpeg or Joint Photographic Experts Group. This type of image file can support 16.7 million colors that is why it is suitable for use when working with full color photographic images. It does not support transparency and therefore, images of this file type can be difficult to integrate in terms of blending with other materials in your documents.
JPG
This type of image file is capable of displaying transparencies. It is good for blending with other materials in your documents. It is also capable of displaying simple animation. This may not be too useful on printed document but if you are sending documents electronically or through email, then this could be quite impressive.
GIF
It was built around the capabilities of .GIF. It is also good with transparencies but unlike .GIFs, it does not support animation but it can display up to about 16 millions colors. Allows the control of the transparency level or capacity of images
PNG
In practice, inserting an image or any other material in your document is quite easy especially if the material already exists in your local storage device. It is just a matter of opening up the image file through the Microsoft® Word dialog box or wizard.
Image Placement
Types of Image Placement (7)
- In Line Text
- Square
- Tight
- Through
- Top and Bottom
- Behind Text
- In Front of Text
this is default setting for images that are inserted or integrated in your document. It treats your image like a text font with the bottom side totally aligned with the text line.
In Line Text
– this setting allows the image you inserted to be placed anywhere within the paragraph with the text going around the image in the square pattern like a frame.
Square
it is similar to square wrapping, but instead of following the line of the bounding box, it follows the shape of the image. If the image is a rectangle, you won’t see a difference. But if your image is any other shape, the text wraps closely around the edge, creating a more dramatic effect.
Tight
this setting allows the text on your document to flow tighter, taking contours and shape of the image. Again, this can be best used with GIF or PNG type of image.
Through
this setting pushes texts away vertically to the top/ and/or the bottom of the image so that the image occupies a whole text line on its own as in the example.
Top and Bottom
this allows the image to be dragged and placed anywhere on your document but with all the texts floating in front of it. It effectively makes your image look like a background.
Behind Text
as it suggests, this setting allows your image to be placed right on top of the text as if your image was dropped right on it.
In Front of Text
is a file made of rows and columns that help sort data, arrange data easily, and calculate numerical data. What makes a spreadsheet software program unique is its ability to calculate values using mathematical formulas and the data in cells.
spreadsheet or worksheet
