Emotions, et al Flashcards
Who wrote: “ “If you are distressed by anything external, the pain is not due to the thing itself, but to your estimate of it; and this you have the power to revoke at any moment.
Marcus Aurelius.
Emotional experiences are difficult to describe, but psychologists have identified their two underlying dimensions:
arousal and valence.
What is a display rule
a norm for the appropriate expression of emotion
Which display rule involves exaggerating the expression of one’s emotion, as when a person pretends to be more surprised by a gift than she really is
INTENSIFICATION
Which display rule involves muting the expression of one’s emotion, as when the loser of a contest tries to look less distressed than he really is.
DEINTENSIFICATION
Which display rule involves expressing one emotion while feeling another, as when a poker player tries to look distressed rather than delighted as she examines a hand with four aces…
MASKING
Which display rule involves feeling an emotion but displaying no expression, as when a judge tries not to betray his leanings while while lawyers are making their arguments.
NEUTRALIZING
This describes how certain facial muscles tend to resist conscious control, and for a trained observer, these so-called “reliable muscles” are quite revealing. For example, the zygomatic major raises the corners of the mouth, and this happens when people smile spontaneously or when they force themselves to smile. But only a genuine, spontaneous smile engages the obicularis oculi, which crinkles the corners of the eyes
MORPHOLOGY
tell me about emotional-related symmetry? w/r/t sincerity…
Sincere expressions are a bit more symmetrical than insincere expressions. A slightly lopsided smile is less likely to be genuine than is a perfectly even one.
Tell me more about DURATION as it relates to sincerity
Sincere expressions tend to last between a half second and 5 seconds, and expressions that last for shorter or longer periods are more likely to be insincere.
Temporal patterning, related to emotions/sincerity
Sincere expressions appear and disappear smoothly over a few seconds, whereas insincere expressions tend to have more abrupt onsets and offsets.
7 things true about liars
1 - Liars speak more slowly
2 - Liars take longer to respond to questions
3 - Liars respond in less detail than do those who are telling the truth
4 - Liars are less fluent, less engaging
5 - Liars are more uncertain, more tense
6 - Liars are less pleasant
7 - Performance of liars are just a bit too good
Liars lack imperfections typical of truthful speech, such as (3)
1 - superfluous detail (rambling)
2 - spontaneous correction (fast/nervous/doubt)
3 - expressions of self-doubt
Those aspects of a setting that cause people to behave as they think an observer wants or expects them to behave.
Demand characteristics.
Name three scientific sounding synonyms for correlation.
- Pattern of covariation.
- Covary.
- Synchrony.
