Emotions Flashcards
Hypothalamus
Involved in the physical expression of strong emotions, especially rage, fear, and excitement.
5F: Feeding, Fornicating, Falling asleep, Fighting, Fever
Role in motivated behaviors such as aggression. Contains the suprachiasmatic nucleus and mammillary bodies
Mammillary bodies
Part of the hypothalamus (role in memory). Damage such as alcohol abuse causes Korsakoff’s.
Basal ganglia
The motor (outward) expression of emotion.
Includes the caudate nucleus, globus pallidus, and putamen.
Amygdala (limbic system)
Integrates and directs emotional reactions
attaches emotion to information it receives from the senses
mediates defensive/aggressive behavior.
may cause a lack of emotional response (especially fear) to environmental stimuli and an inability to recognize facial and vocal expressions of emotion.
In monkeys, bilateral lesions in the amygdala and anterior temporal lobe produce Kluver-Bucy Syndrome, which is characterized by reduced fear and aggression, increased docility, altered dietary habits, “psychic blindness” (inability to recognize the significance of objects or situations), and hypersexuality.
Septum (limbic system)
Inhibits emotionality - results in septal rage syndrome such as hyper-emotionality and vicious behaviors.
Cingulate cortex (limbic system)
Role in regulating emotional responses and pain perception.
Left hemisphere is
responsible for written and spoken language, logical and analytical thinking, and the expression of positive emotions (e.g., cheerfulness, euphoria)
right hemisphere is
responsible for understanding spatial relationships, creative and holistic thinking, and the expression of negative emotions (e.g., fearfulness, sadness). (The hemisphere that is responsible for language is referred to as the “dominant hemisphere,” while the other hemisphere is referred to as the “nondominant hemisphere.”)
Negative and positive symptoms of schizophrenia
Prefrontal underactivity is also known as hypofrontality and refers to reduced blood flow to the frontal lobes. It has been linked to negative symptoms.
Temporal-limbic over activity has been linked to the disorders positive symptoms.
Papez circuit plays a fundamental role in
Emotional expression and experience
The Papez circuit goes through the following neural pathways:
Hippocampal formation (subiculum) → fornix → mammillary bodies → mammillothalamic tract → anterior thalamic nucleus → cingulum → entorhinal cortex → hippocampal formation.
Damage to the left hemi may produce
To the right
Left: Depression or emotional volatility
Right: inappropriate indifference or euphoria
Age related changes in fluid intelligence have been linked to changes in processing speed and
Working memory
The research has found that, in adulthood, __________ memory is most negatively affected by increasing age.
A. primary
B. secondary
C. implicit
D. sensory
B is correct. Secondary memory is another name for recent long-term memory. It’s associated with the greatest age-related decline and is more pronounced for recall tasks than recognition tasks.
