emotional intelligencee Flashcards
A complex psychophysiological experience that involves physiological arousal, expressive behaviors, and conscious
understanding.
Emotion
discrete response to an external or internal stimulus that entails
some or all of five components:
1. subjective feelings (experience)
2. physiological response (bodily reactions)
3. motor expression (facial expression, body language, gestures)
4. action tendency (motivational component)
5. evaluation or appraisal
Emotion
A complex pattern of changes, including physiological arousal,
feelings, cognitive processes, and behavioral reactions, made in
response to a situation perceived to be personally significant
Emotion
physical and emotional sensation
Feelings
______ are more “cognitively saturated” as the emotion chemicals are
processed in our brains & bodies
Feelings
often fueled by a mix
of emotions, and last for longer than emotions.
Feelings
pervasive and sustained feeling tone that is experienced
internally and that, in the extreme, can markedly influence virtually all
aspects of a person’s behavior and perception of the world
Mood
more generalized; not tied to a specific incident, but a collection of inputs.
Mood
heavily influenced by several factors: the environment (weather, lighting, people) physiology (diet, health, exercise), and our mental state
Mood
How long can moods last?
Moods can last minutes, hours, probably even days.
Emotions involve the ____?
limbic system and the autonomic responses
fight or flight or freeze responses
Sympathetic Nervous System
sends signals to the adrenal gland in order to prepare the body to act or react following an emotion-evoking event
Sympathetic Nervous System
Physiological arousal
Sympathetic Nervous System
Increase in heart rate, respiratory rate, blood pressure, blood
sugar levels, slower digestive processes, pupil dilation and elevated vital signs are caused by ___?
Sympathetic Nervous System
Rest and Digest
Parasympathetic Nervous System
Keeps the body from expending energy
Parasympathetic Nervous System
a small area located within the limbic system on each side of the brain
Amygdala
Parts of the Limbic System
hypothalamus, pituitary gland, amygdala, hippocampus
Duration of Emotions
short (s)
Duration of Feelings
moderate (m)
Duration of Moods
long (m, hr, or days)
Intensity of Emotions
high
Intensity of Feelings
moderate
Intensity of Mood
low
Causes of Emotions
specific responses to external stimuli
Causes of Feelings
mental reactions to emotions
Causes of Moods
often general/unclear
Effects of Emotions
Immediate action; fight or flight
Effect of Feelings
Decision-making, learning, memory, perceptions, attitudes, intentions
Effect of Moods
Behavior, psychological well-being, physical health
Facial Expressions of Emotions
Universal
Facial Expressions of Feelings
No unique nonverbal expressions
Facial Expressions of Moods
No unique verbal expressions
involved in emotions by influencing aggression, anger, and fear
Amygdala
involved in facial expressions of human expression
Amygdala
involved in formation of memories via neurogenesis
Hippocampus
involved in regulating basic drives such as eating, drinking and having sex
Hypothalamus
Which part does the emotional hijacking
Amygdala
Emotional Hijacking
impassioned action, moments of impulsive feeling that overrides the rational
How does Emotional Hijacking happen?
Amygdala takes over the neocortex
Which is faster; emotional or rational brain?
emotional
HPA axis
hypothalamus, anterior pituitary gland, and adrenal gland.
responsible for regulating stress
responses, mood, digestion, immune function, and energy storage and expenditure in the
body.
HPA axis
Components of Emotion
cognitive, physiological, behavioral, subjective
Emphasize how physiological changes in the body give rise to emotional feelings
Peripheral Theory
3 Peripheral Theories
- James-Lange theory
- Canon-Bard theory
- Facial Feedback theory
Interpretation or appraisal or thought or memory of a situation, object, or event can contribute to, or result in, your experiencing different emotional states
Cognitive Appraisal Theory
2 Cognitive Appraisal Theories
- Schacter-Singer theory
- Lazarus theory
stimulus leads to bodily arousal first, which is then interpreted as an emotion. (I am afraid because I’m shaking)
James-Lange Theory
a stimulus leads to brain activity which then results in experiencing physiological arousal and emotion at the same time. (I am shaking and feeling afraid at the same time)
Canon-Bard Theory
stimulus leads to both bodily arousal and labeling of the arousal (cognitive appraisal) based on cues from the environment, which leads to the experience and labeling of the emotional reaction. (This snarling dog is dangerous and that makes me feel afraid)
Schacter-Singer Theory
sensations or feedback from the movement of facial muscles are interpreted by the brain as different emotions
Facial Feedback Theory
stimulus causes an immediate appraisal or evaluation that results in an emotional response then followed by the appropriate physiological response
Lazarus Theory
Components of Emotion
cognitive, physiological, behavioral, subjective
Physiological component of emotion
emotions involve the system and the autonomic responses (sympathetic and parasympathetic)
Behavioral component of emotion
every emotion finds a way to be expressed
People mostly recognize how we feel through facial expressions
behavior
Typically lasts between 0.5 to 4 seconds and involves the whole face
Macro-expressions
These do not intend to hide and occur whenever we are alone or with family and close friends.
Macro-expressions
Expressions that go on and off the face in a fraction of a second as
fast as 1/30 of a second.
Micro-expressions
Cognitive component of emotion
Labeling or interpreting the subjective feeling
retrieving memories of previous similar experiences, perceiving context of the emotion then coming up with a “solution”
Cognitive
Kinds of appraisal
Primary and Secondary
determine whether and how any of the subject’s goals are affected by an event
Primary Appraisal
function is to determine how best to cope with the event once it has been classified as furthering or thwarting the subject’s goals
Secondary Appraisal
Functions of Emotions
- Preparing us for action
- Shaping our future behavior
- Help us to regulate social interaction
- Social Functions
Preparing us for action
Emotions act as a link between events in our environment and our
responses.
Shaping our future behavior
Emotions promote learning that will help us make appropriate
responses in the future.
Help us to regulate social interaction
Allows observers to better understand us.
Social Functions
Affiliation and Distancing
Affiliation Function
Emotions help an individual or group to establish or maintain
cooperative and harmonious relations with other individuals or other social groups.
Distancing Function
Emotion serves to differentiate or distance the self or group from
others and even to compete with these others for social status or power.
Robert Plutchik’s psycho-evolutionary theory of
emotion
Illustrate the various relationships among the emotions
8 primary emotions according to Plutchik
Joy, Trust, Fear, Surprise, Sadness, Disgust, Anger, Anticipation
Intensity of color wheel
The intensity of emotion decreases as you move outward and
increases as you move toward the wheel’s center.
Opposite of Joy
sadness
Opposite of Fear
anger
Opposite of anticipation
surprise
Basic types of Emotions
happiness, anger, disgust, sadness, fear, surprise, contempt
Secondary Types of Emotion
emotions that have a major cognitive component determined by both their level arousal and valence
Common Sense Theory
feeling a particular emotion led first to a physical reaction and then to a behavioral one.
Another name for Lazarus’ Theory
appraisal theory
Another name for James-Lange Theory
peripheral theory
specific inherited facial patterns or expression that signal specific feelings or emotional states
Universal facial expressions
Emotional Intelligence
The ability to understand, use, and control our emotions well especially when under pressure.
Components of Emotional Intelligence
Self-awareness, self-regulation, motivation, empathy, social skills
Self-awareness
Recognizes and accepts one’s
emotions and their effects on other people; whether they be positive or negative
Self-regulation
controls disruptive impulses caused by negative emotions.
Motivation
Can motivate themselves to work due to having a positive attitude in life.
Empathy
Discerns feelings behind the needs
Social Skills
When working well with others through collaboration and cooperation
Types of Responses
Passive, Aggressive, Assertive
Passive Response
not expressing one’s needs and feelings, or expressing them weakly that they will not be addressed
Aggressive Response
asking for what you want or saying how you feel in a threatening, sarcastic or humiliating way that may offend
Assertive
asking for what you want or saying how you feel in an honest and respectful way