emotion/stress and coping methods

Question 1

emotion:

Answer 1

a relatively short term internal mental state that prepares us to act

Question 2

emotions are formed by 3 components=

Answer 2

-an event triggering the reaction
-autonomous and emotional processes (body reacts to the event)
-subjective emotional experience
(individual differences determine how they react)

Question 3

emotional contagion=

Answer 3

individuals can absorb emotions from other people

Question 4

emotional arousal=

Answer 4

emotions are based on brain activity

Question 5

emotional experience=

Answer 5

the conscious feeling of one’s bodily state
(recognizing that you are feeling a specific emotion)

Question 6

the purpose of emotions=

Answer 6

emotions prepare us to act(fear helps individuals to hide)
emotions help us socialize

Question 7

valence=

Answer 7

how desirable the emotion is (positive/negative)

Question 8

intensity=

Answer 8

how strongly the emotion is expressed

Question 9

acute stress=

Answer 9

the most common form of stress (everyday life)
sudden,severe
e.g coming exams

Question 10

duration=

Answer 10

length of the emotion (usually short)
long term ->mood

Question 11

episodic acute stress

Answer 11

comes from lifestyle choices
occurs from procrastination and bad time management

Question 12

chronic stress

Answer 12

continual stress caused by factors outside individual’s control
(poverty, war, trauma etc.)

Question 13

eustress=

Answer 13

the positive outcome of stress that makes one feel a sense of pride and accomplishment
when stress motivates in a positive way eg sports

Question 14

physiology of stress=

Answer 14

the fight or flight response triggers stress hormone release= cortisol and adrenaline

Question 15

cognition and stress

Answer 15

different individuals view different situations differently
stress and cognition are bidirectional (negative thinking can cause stress and stress can cause problems in information processing

Question 16

positive psychology

Answer 16

optimistic people are mor elikely to utiliez positive strategies to solve stressful situations and are more likely to solve difficult situations

Question 17

optimism=

Answer 17

a persn who anticipates good things to happen

Question 18

pessimism=

Answer 18

a person who expects bad things to happen to them and they believe that negatuve thinking helps them perform better

Question 19

cognitive appraisal

Answer 19

one’s understanding of a situation

Question 20

during
primary appraisal=
secondary appraisal0

Answer 20

primary= situation is perceived as either irrelevant beneficial or harmful
secondary= the individual considers what they can do about it (self-efficacy)

Question 21

self regulation

Answer 21

one’s ability to monitor and control their own thoughts, behavior and emotions

Question 22

3 different coping categories=

Answer 22

mental work
social relationships
physical activities

Question 23

mental work

Answer 23

mental processes like thinking emotion regulation readjusting goals

Question 24

social relationships

Answer 24

can be used to gain support from family friends relatives professional help

Question 25

physical activities

Answer 25

eating, exercising, can be used to self-regulate by calming down the nervous-system

Question 26

defense mechanisms=

Answer 26

psychological strategies that we deploy unconsciously to protect us from negative feelings like anxiety
while they seem useful they only prolong dealing with the actual problem
it is better to focus on positive aspects and factors you can still control