Emotion Flashcards

1
Q

Cannons theory

A

Cannon believed emotion came from the brain.

A common pattern of activation of the autonomic nervous every system was associated with a wider range of different emotions, he felt it was about the brain sending signals to copy with the emergency instead of signals in our bodies.

Not social

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2
Q

Stanley scratchers theory

A

His explanation was that people try and make sense of their emotions by those of others facing similar situations.he believed we infer emotional quality for the current situation and how other people react to it.

In his view emotion depended on two factors: autonomic activation in the body which determines the intensity of the experienced emotion and cognition about the situation which determined the quality of the experienced emotion.

Schachters tested his theory using an experiment where participants where either injected with adrenaline to work as an autonomic activation and other with a placebo and set in different situation with stooges which role was to set out either a fun scene of playing basketball with a paper ball or making the participant angry by filling out a questionnaire that asked insulting questions. The results weren’t as accurate as hoped as participants didn’t react as expected.

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3
Q

Appraisal theory

A

Key psychologist: Magda Arnold 1960
Her answer was that we perceive events as relevant to things that we want or don’t want. Appeasing something as desirable makes us wanted and vice versa. This action tendency is at the hear of emotion.

Craig smith and Richards Lazarus 1993 a their model argues that in order to experience any emotion you need to appraise what is happening as affecting your current goals, motivational relevance. In other words, we don’t get emotional about things that don’t affect our lives in some way. Wether the resulting emotion is pleasant or unpleasant depends on appraisal of motivation congruence.

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4
Q

Group identification theory

A

1990 researchers began to investigate Emotions induced by events appraised as relevant groups we belong to rather than us personally.

Ie- how some German people still feel guilty for the actions of the nazi against the Jews even though they were not born during that time.

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5
Q

Emotional labour

A

Producing particular emotion effects due to your circumstances ie your job and a customer faced role. Making yourself not be affected by people’s rude responses by associating them with something different.
Ie- an air hostess and a rude passenger, she keep smiling and associates him with a child and doesn’t let her affect her.

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6
Q

Paul Ekman- facial expressions of basic emotions

A

Ekman and colleagues conducted a cross cultural study where people from several different societies matched then emotions to the North American faces.

Ekman believes this confirms an universal connection through basic emotions and their characteristics facial expression. The matching of each emotion to the facial expression wasn’t 100 bar the smiles associated with happiness. Why don’t all societies recognise all emotions?

Jim Russell’s 1994 answer is that faces tells us something about another persons emotional experience but don’t directly reveal the emotion that is being experienced.

Alan Friundland 1994 argues that this displays evolved to transmit information about social motives or behaviour intentions to others. What is seen as an angry face could mean back off.

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7
Q

Emotional discourse

A

Derek Edwards 1999 discursive psychology approach to emotion makes no assumptions about what emotional themselves might be. Instead he focuses directly on how emotion talks functions in everyday interaction between people. Emotion is a resource deployed for conversational purposes.

Research: Edwards 1999 analysis of excerpt from a relationship counselling session in which both members of a couple present alternative versions of an event.

Connie and Jimmy and their interaction at the pub. Connives version is that Jimmy is jealous and he over reacted for nothing when she was just messing around. Jimmy on the other hand is agitated as he feels that connie was out of other and was ver obviously flirting with another guy… He drags her away and talks about how he feels like jumping out the window but just stands there. Connie initially makes it about Jimmy whilst Jimmy explains it was the situation that caused his anger.

Discursive psychologist investigate how emotional talk is deployed in conversation rather than the physiological feelings or facial expression that supposedly represent emotion.

Pre linguistic emotion: emotion by infants through body language as they can’t communicate with words.
Emotion as relation alignment- body language how we communicate our emotions before language.

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8
Q

James feedback theory

A

Williams James 1884 - believed that we feel emotion when we sense changes taking place in our bodies in response to our perception of and event, such as heart pounding, could sweats, sweaty palms.

He believes that body reacts automatically before emotion occurs and that the emotion is precisely the perception of this reaction.

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