Emissions Flashcards
What are some policy instruments for a low-carbon transition?
n: Policy instruments for a low-carbon transition include internalizing negative impacts, institutional approaches, command and control, market-based tools, and non-market mechanisms.
How does the market instrument “Cap and Trade” work in the context of carbon emissions?
In cap and trade, companies are allocated a limit on allowable greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, which can be traded as marketable permits. Those who reduce emissions below their cap can sell their unused emission rights to those who exceed their limit.
What is a carbon tax, and how does it work?
A carbon tax is a direct price on carbon emissions. Those emitting carbon pay a tax for each ton of emissions. This tax incentivizes carbon emitters to reduce their emissions or pay the tax. The extra cost may be passed on to consumers, encouraging energy-saving and cleaner practices.
What is the primary benefit of a carbon tax, and how does it generate revenues?
A carbon tax generates revenue for the government, which can be reinvested in climate projects and other public policy objectives while incentivizing the adoption of cleaner practices and clean energy.
What is the Stern Review’s perspective on the costs and benefits of taking action against climate change?
The Stern Review argues that the benefits of taking strong and early action against climate change far outweigh the economic costs of not acting. It suggests that action is a pro-growth strategy.
Why is climate change an ethical and political dilemma? What are some key questions it raises?
Climate change is an ethical and political dilemma because it raises questions about responsibility for fixing the crisis and who should pay for it, as well as the equitable distribution of emissions.
How do different countries vary in their contribution to global CO2 emissions?
Not every country emits an equal share of global CO2 emissions. Some countries are top emitters in absolute terms, while others have high emissions per capita.
What are the key principles and goals of international climate accords?
International climate accords aim to limit global warming, set targets for reducing greenhouse gas emissions, provide support to developing countries, and mobilize financial resources for climate protection.
What is the significance of the Paris Agreement in addressing climate change?
The Paris Agreement aims to limit global warming to well below 2 degrees Celsius, with countries setting targets for GHG reduction. It also includes financial support for adaptation and aims to mobilize funds for climate protection.
What are some proposed actions to tackle climate change, especially regarding research and development and policy implementation?
Proposed actions include large-scale research and development (R&D) for addressing technical challenges in a low-carbon future, implementing policies to accelerate decarbonization, and using market tools for efficient GHG emissions reduction.
