Emilia-Romagna Flashcards by Shawn Welch

What two grape varieties produce the typical red wine of Colli Piacentini DOC?

Barbera

Bonarda (local name for Croatina)

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What was built by Roman consul Mario Emilio Lepido?

Via Emilia

Road connected the city of Piacenza in the west to Rimini on the Adriatic coast in the east.

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This DOCG is one of the two DOCGs of Emilai-Romagna.

The appellation is based on Grechetto (Pignoletto), Bolgona’s point of pride in the grape area.

Colli Bolognesi Pignoletto DOCG (!)

The appleation was separated and elevated to DOCG status in 2010 from Colli Bolognesi DOC.

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True or False:

The vineyards on the flat Po River Basin account for two thirds of the total area under vine and the bulk of Emilia-Romagna’s production.

True

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Geographically what feature is at the southern end of Emilia-Romagna? What country and two regions border Emilia-Romagna?

The Northern Apenninces

The Republic of San Marino

Toscana and Marche

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What wine is produced in Romaga Cagnina DOC?

Sweet red wine based on Terrano grape, released in October imeediately following the harvest.

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Emilia-Romagna consists of three regions: plains, hills and mountains. What percentage makes up of each region?

Mountains: 25%
Hills: 27%
Plains: 48%

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What are five sub desingations of Romagna DOC(!)?

Sangiovese
Albana Spumante
Cagnina
Pagadebit
Trebbiano

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This DOC was named after a Roman jug found in nearby Piacenza in 1878. It was a part of Colli Piacentini DOC but was granted its own DOC in 2010.

Gutturnio DOC (!) from the Roman jug, gutturnium

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What region is said to be a reference to Sangiovese name, supposedly to be given by local monks as to where the wines were produced around?

Monte Giove near Rimini in Romgana.Sangiovese is derived from Latin sanguis Jovi (Jupiter’s blood) according to the legend.

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What is umbrella appelation covering several styles of wines made from both native and itnernational grapes in the Hills of Piacenza?

Colli Piacentini (!)

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Native and widely planted on the hills of PIacenza, this white grape variety was considered less important and referred to as “the other grape”.

Ortrugo

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After the fall of Roman Empire, Emilia and Romagna were split. When did the two regions joined together administratively into the single region of Emila-Romagna?

In 1947

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Colli Piacentini DOC also allows for the production of this wine based on Malvasia di Candia Aromatica and Ortrugo.

Vin Santo

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Which subzone of Colli Piacentini DOC is based on the native white grapes Santa Maria and Merlana?

Vin Santo di Vigoleno

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What is typical rock formation resulting from serious water erosion called in Romagna?

Calanchi

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What grape is considered to be the most important and traditional white grape that is responsible for Romagna’s best whites and passitos?

Albana

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What city is the the administrative capital of the whoe Emilia-Romagna?

Bologna

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This grape variety is particularly suited for sweet wine production because of its ablity to handle botrytis, some of the best examples are rich passitos.

It is an ancient variety that hare been grown in Romgana since at least the Middle Age.

Albana(!) (white)

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What are the most widespread red grape and white grape that consitutes 40% of Emilia-Romagna’s total area under vine?

Sangiovese (red)
Trebbiano Romagnolo (white)

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What (grapes) are Gutturnio DOC wines made of?

Blend of Barbera and Bonarda (Croatina)

traditionally frizzante

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What was founded in 1088 AD in Bologna?

Alma Mater Studiorum (today Universita di Bologna), the oldest univeristy in the western world

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This Lambrusco DOC is produced at the base of the Northern Apennines around the town of Castelvetro south of Modena.

The wine is considered to be full bodied, most structured and most concetrated but with high tannins and acidity, “less typical” of Lambrusco.

Lambrusco Grasparossa di Castelvetro DOC (!)

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Which grapevine is quite peculiar in that it nees another Lambrusco variety in the vineyard to serve as a pollinator?

Which variety is commonly interplanted to play this role?

Lambrusco Sorbara

Lambrusco Salamino

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What wine became internationally popular in 1970s and 1980s to bring wealth and prosperity to Emilia-Romagan but cemented the image as a mass producer of uninspiring wines?

Lambrusco

Why the name of grape Pignoletto was chandged to Grechetto (Grechetto Gentile)?

The name PIgnoletto has been adoopted to identify the historic area of production of the grape in 2014.

This DOCG was Emilia-Romagna's first DOCG as well as Italy's first white DOCG awarded in 1987.

**Romagna Albana DOCG (!)**

What impacts and influences the climate of vineyards in Emilia-Romagna?

The Po River

Which Lambrusco variety is considered to be the benchmark style of Lambrusco and most well known?

**Lambrusco Sorbara** (grown around the hamlet of Sorbara in the province of Modena)

What three red grapes considered to be significant local importance but less widely planted in Romagna?

1. Fortana 2. Terrano 3. Malbo Gentile

What percentage of Emilia-Romagna's total production is DOC/DOCG. What percentage does IGT account for?

25% DOC/DOCG 40% IGT (Red wines slightly exceed white wine production)

What minimum perctange of Grechetto (Pignoletto) is required for the ***superiore (still)*** made in the historic area of **Colli Bolognese Pignoletto DOCG**?

95% Grechetto (Pignoletto) Non Superiore version requires 85%

What style of Rogmagna Albana is considered to be the most impressive? Which village is considered to be the best of this long standing Albana tradition?

Passito style Village of Bertinoro

True or False: Nearly half of Emilia-Romagna is occupied by the flat plain of the Po River Basin.

True

What are two regions bordering wtih Emilia-Romagna to the west?

**Liguria** A small portion of **Piemonte**

The most widely planted grape overall in Emilia-Romagna overall, Producers in Romagna in particular, champion it as a single variety.

**Trebbiano Romagnolo (!)** (often co-planted with Trebbiano Toscano).

True or False No traidtional method Lambrusco is proiduced.

Small quantiies of method classico Lambrusco are made

Two of Emilia-Romagna's IGTs rank among Italy's most productive. Name the two.

1. Emilia IGT (or dell'Emilia IGT) covers all of Emilia 2. Rubicone IGT includes a large part of Romagna

What is the grape varieity producing most of the wine under **Colli Piancentini DOC**?

**Malvasia di Candia Aaromatica (!)** in stiil, sparkling and passitos, often sweeter styles

What is "novello" wine?

It means "new wine" and is usually a red wine made in the marketing smart Beaujolais Nouveau style. According to the Wine Law, this type is sold by 6th of November of the harvest year. Made by "carbonic maceration".

True or False Lambrusco di Modena DOC wine can be made from a single varietal Lambrusco grape but not allowed to specifically list it and needs to be labelled as the general "Lambrusco".

True

Which grape family is considered to be the principal grapes of Emilia?

**Lambrusco**

What is the percentage of Emilia-Romagna's vineyards out of Italy's total vineyard area? What percentage out of Italy's total wine production?

8% 10%

True or False: Traditionally the practice of "promiscuous viticulture" whereby the vines were grown with other plants and crops.

True

Out of the four geographical areas in Emilia, which one is the most productive in all of Emilia?

The Hills of Piacenza

What are three main Lambrusco DOCs?

1. **Lambrusco di Sorbara DOC (!)** 2. **Lambrusco Grasparrossa di Castelvetro DOC (!)** ## Footnote **3. Lambrusco Salamino di Santa Croce (!)**

Fragrant and perfumed Malvasia (di Candia Aromatica) is considered to be the ideal match to this Parma's famous cured ham.

Prosciutto di Parma

What are the training systems (2) promient in the plains around Reggio Emilia where the various Lambrusco varieties dominate?

**Geneva Double Curtain (GDC)** **Sylvoz**

Which Lambrusco variety is the second most widely planted and produces fleshier, fuller bodied and most tannic Lambrusco wines?

**Lambrusco Grasparossa(!)**

True or False: Most of the Lambrusco district for the most part fall on the flat and fertile plain.

True (the rest is in the less fertile foothills of the Northern Apennines)

What red grape is also widely planted particularly in Reggio Emila to be used as a minor blending component in a few DOCs for the purpose of addiing colors?

Ancellotta

What feature separates the plains of Emilia-Romagna from a central band of hills situated at the foohills of the Northern Apenniens?

Via Emilia

Which Lambruso variety is the most widely planted?

**Lambrusco Salamino** (mainly grown around Santa Crose in the province of Modena)

What are four important rivers in Emilia-Romagna?

1. Panaro 2. Secchia 3. Taro 4. Trebbia

True or False Vast majority of Lambrusco is frizzante and crafted via the tank method.

True

What is one of the four sub zones in Colli Piacentini that produces an ancient sweet passito based on the native grapes Santa Maria and Melara?

Vin Santo di Vigoleno (made from the native grapes around the medieval town of Vigoleno), wines are aged for five years with the four in barrels

How many sub-zones are within Romagna Sangiovese DOC? And what minimum percentage is required for some of delineated zones of production?

12 sub zones 95% Sangiovese compared to 85%

This grape was previously known by the name of Pignoletto but DNA profiling revealed it is identical to this grape, a traditional grape of Umbria.

**Grechetto (aka Grechetto Gentile aka Pignoletto) (!) (white)**

True or False In general, the sub-region of Emilia focuses mainly on frizzante wines while sub-region of Romagna concentrates on still wines

True

This DOC was introduced in 2014 to protect and regulate the Grechetto (Pingoletto) based wines that were previously labled as varietal PIgnoletto produced around Bologna.

**PIgnoletto DOC (!)** The DOC also includes nearby villages in the province of Modena and Ravenna

What lles to the east of Emilia Romagna geographically?

The Adriatic Sea

What two red and two white grapes are largely planted in the hills of Picacenza in western Emilia?

1. **Barebera (red)** 2. **Croatina (red, locally called Bonarda)** 3. **Malvasia di Candia Aromatica (white)** 4. **Ortrugo (white)**

What are three sub zones of **Pignoletto DOC (!)?**

1. Modena 2. Reno 3. Colli d'Imola

What one red and one white grapes dominate the vineyards of Romagna?

**Sangiovese (red)** **Trebbiano Romagnolo (white)**

What is the appellation of the Hills or Parma?

Colli di Parma DOC - wines from a wide range of grapes, native and international

Which grape is the most widely planted grape in Italy overall and Emilia-Romagna is one of Italy's primary regions for the variety?

**Sangiovese**

This recent umbrella DOC (2011) incorporates five previously independent appellations as sub designations within it in Romagna region. On the label the word of this DOC must appear in front of each of the sub designation.

**Romagna DOC(!)**

Which two areas where Lambrusco family of grapes dominates in the vineyards?

1. Reggio Emilia 2. Modena

Its passitos version is considered to be some of Italy's best sweet wines, this versitle high quality wine is crafted into still, sparkling and passito wine styles. It is widely grown throughout Emilia.

**Malvasia di Candia Aromatica (!)**

What are Italian words to indicate: Dry Medium-sweet Sweet

1. ***Dry = Secco*** 2. ***Medium-sweet = Amabile*** 3. ***Sweet = Dolce***

Which Lambrusco variety has its traditional home around the village of Castelvetro in the south of Modena and is mainly grown on the hills while the other varieties tend. to be in plains around Reggio Emilia?

**Lambrusco Grasparossa**

Lambrusco wine produced from this DOC is considered the classic example of traditional Lambrusco and is the most renowned. The wines crafted to the south of Modena where the land becomes hillier, tends to be more structrued.

**Lambrusco di Sorbara DOC (!)** At least 60% Lambrusco di Sorbara with up to maximum of 40% Lambrusco Salamino.

What are 10 most widely planted grapes in Emilia-Romagna?

1. **Trebbiano Romagnolo - 28%** 2. **Sangiovese - 15%** 3. **Lambrusco Salamino - 8%** 4. Ancellotta - 7% 5. Lambrusco Grasparossa - 4% 6. Barbera - 4% 7. Croatina - 3% 8. Pignoletto (Grechetto) - 3% 9. Lambursco Sorbara - 3% 10. Albana - 2%

What grape is considered to be the traditional white grape of Bologna and its environs?

**Pignoletto**

What are three most important Lambrusco varieties grown in Emilia?

1. **Lambrusco Sorbara (!)** 2. **Lambrusco Salamino (!)** 3. **Lambrusco Grasparossa (!)**

True or False All DOC Lambrusco wines are bottled with a mushroom cork while sweet mass produced Lambrusco usually labeled as IGT has a screw-cap.

True

Which white grape is considered to be a speciality of the Bologna district?

***Grechetto (Pignoletto) (!)***

This DOC has the highest productions of all Lambrusco DOCs. The DOC sits aroud the small hamlet of Santa Croce on the plain north of Modena.

**Lambrusco Salamino di Santa Crose DOC (!)**

Traditionally what training system was used by Lambrusco producers in Emilia while still found but now obsolete?

Complex high training system, Bellusi system

Geographically what separates the northern border of Emilia-Romagna and to which two regions?

The Po River Lombardia Veneto

This DOC lies on the hills to the south and southwest of Bologna and focuses on red and white blends as well as a single varietal wines made from Italian grapes such as Barbera and from international varieties.

Colli Bolognesi DOC

True or False: Emilia's production falls largerly unde one DOC.

False: The appelations of Emilia tend to be more diverrse. Romagna's wine productdion falls largely under one appellation - Romagna DOC

What is "***rifermentazione naturale in bottiglia***" known as?

"Natural re-fermentation in the bottle" i.e. Metodo Ancestrale" or ancestral method

True or False; Often a blending partner to Malvasia di Candia Aromatica in Colli Piacentini DOC, Ortrugo has its own DOC.

True Ortrugo - Colli Piancenti DOC

What wine district abuts Lombardia's Lambrusco Mantovano DOC and what two towns are located around?

The Lambrusco district (Terre dei Lambruschi - Land of the lambruscos) Reggio Emilia Modena

What are four geographically successive wine districts that are laid along the northwest-southeast axis following the Via Emilia from PIacenza to Bologna?

1. **The Hills of Piacenza** 2. **The Hills of Parma** 3. **The Lambrusco District** 4. **The Bologna District**

What is the ratio of Emilia-Romagna's cooperative growers to the overall production? What is the percetage of Emilia-Romagna's prodution by cooperatives?

More than two thirds 85% of total production

What overhead training system was traditional in the plains of Romagna but now has been gradullay replaced by the GDC (Geneva Double Curtain) and Guyot systems among others?

Pergola Romagnola

What zone of production is identical to Romagna Albana Spumante DOC?

Romagna Albana DOCG

As of 2017 how many DOC and DOCG appellations are in Emilia Romagna?

**19 DOCs** **2 DOCGs**

What grape variety has been found to be a natural cross between Ciliegiolo and Calabrese Montennuovo, the latter an obscure almost extinct southern Italian grape?

**Sangiovese (!)**

What is the name of precious and expensive vinegar made only in Reggio Emilia and Modena from Lambrusco or Trebbiano Romagno grapes?

***Aceto Balsamico Tradizionale***

True or False: Lambrusco wines are limited to ***frizzante or spumante and off dry.***

False The wines can be produced ***Rosso or Rosato, Frizzante or Spumante.*** ***Can be dry or off-dry.***