Emile Durkheim Flashcards
In general, what was Emile Durkheim to do with?
3 things:
Division of Labour
Suicides
Elementary Forms of Religious Life
What is Durkheim’s Overview?
fuck my drag, right?
What was Emile Durkheim’s lifespan?
1858 - 1917
What was Durkheim’s life like?
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What was Durkheim’s character like?
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What is meant by ‘The Radical Durkheim’?
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In what ways was Durkheim Conservative?
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In what ways is Durkheim sexist?
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What was Durkheim’s involvement in The Dreyfus Affair?
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Why do we study Durkheim?
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What is meant by Durkheim and ‘moral individualism?
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When was ‘The Division of Labour in Society’ made, and what is it?
1893
It was Durkheim’s doctoral dissertation.
What does ‘The Division of Labour in Society’ look at?
It Traces how forms of morality and social solidarity are articulated through societal organisation and division of labour practices.
It looks at the social aspect of division of labour, rather than the economical aspect, which Adam Smith looks more into. The sociological view is linked to the economical view, but goes further into it.
How does ‘The Division of Labour in Society’ position against moral philosophers?
Positioned against moral philosophies that presumed ethical principles to be ‘a priori’ in nature – deduced from reason, pre-existing or independent of our experience
For Durkheim, ethics and moral principles can only be understood through empirical observation
How does ‘The Division of Labour in Society’ position against theorists Spencer, and Comte?
The Division of Labour in Society’ p’ositioned against thinkers in the sociological tradition
Spencer: Solidarity in modern industrial societies bound up in theories of self-interest and social contract
Comte: Solidarity amongst social actors due to strong and shared moral values
What is a Mechanical Society, and an Organic Society?
Mechanical:
Organic:
What is a Mechanical and Organic Society, in terms of Labour?
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What is a Mechanical and Organic Society, in terms of its Place?
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What is a Mechanical and Organic Society, in terms of Law?
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What is a Mechanical and Organic Society, in terms of Affiliation?
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What is a Mechanical and Organic Society, in terms of Culture?
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What is meant by ‘abnormal forms of division of labour’?
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What are the three abnormal forms of division of labour?
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What is meant by ‘Abnormal division of labour’?
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What is meant by ‘Forced division of labour’?
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What is meant by ‘Poorly Co-ordinated division of labour’?
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What is meant by Anomie?
o Lack of regulation binding individuals to a sense of common cause
o Feelings of moral restraint and, moreover, a sense of wider belonging weakened
o A pathological reading of contemporary society
What are the criticisms of ‘The Division of Labour in Society’?
We must be skeptical of Durkheim’s metaphors that equate social systems
1: with biological systems - e.g., characterising societies as ‘healthy’ or ‘pathological’ (Ray 1999)
2: with chemical processes - e.g., ideas of population densities (Pearce 2001)
What is ‘The Division of Labour in Society’ an early version of?
The Divisions of Labour ‘contain an early version of the characteristic Durkheimian treatment of the relations between history, moral authority and human freedom. Freedom consists, not in escape from social forces and social bonds, but in the autonomy of action that membership of society makes possible’ (Giddens 1978: 29)
When was ‘Rules of Sociological Method’ made?
1895
What subjects were ‘Rules of Sociological Method’ based off?
Biology, Psychology, Economics, Philosophy
What is ‘Rules of Sociological Method’ about?
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What are the 3 main aims of ‘Rules of Sociological Method’?
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What is meant by ‘Social Fact’?
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What are the 2 types of Social Fact?
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What are 3 examples of Social Fact?
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Why is crime not a social fact?
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What is meant by ‘placing the individual within the social’?
‘every time that a social phenomenon is directly explained by a psychological phenomenon, we may be sure that the explanation is false’
([1895] 1964: 104)
When was Durkheim’s ‘Suicide’ written?
1897
What is ‘Suicide’ about?
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How is Suicide a Social Fact?
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What are Questions on Integration?
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What are Questions on Regulation?
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What are the 4 Types of Suicide?
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What is Anomic Suicide?
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What is Anomic Suicide a sign of?
Not enough regulation
What is Fatalistic Suicide?
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What is Fatalistic Suicide a sign of?
Too much regulation
What is Altruistic Suicide a sign of?
Too much integration
What is Altruistic Suicide?
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What is Egoistic Suicide a sign of?
Not enough integration
What is Egoistic Suicide?
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What are examples of Anomic Suicide?
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What are examples of Fatalistic Suicide?
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What are examples of Altruistic Suicide?
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What are examples of Egoistic Suicide?
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What are the Criticisms of ‘Suicide’?
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What is the Impact of ‘Suicide’?
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What is the distinction between early and late Durkheimian work?
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What is ‘Elementary Forms of Religious Life’?
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