Emergent Stage and Letter Name & Alphabetic Stage

Question 1

Emergent Literacy

Answer 1

precursor reading and writing activities that lead to conventional reading and writing

Question 2

CAP (concepts about print)

Answer 2

understanding how words are organized, how print is oriented, and features of print

Question 3

Alphabetic Principal

Answer 3

the concept that letters and letter combinations are used to represent phonemes

Question 4

Alphabetic Knowledge (AK)

Answer 4

ability to name letters, distinguish shapes, and identify letter sounds

Question 5

Grapheme-phoneme correspondence

Answer 5

relationship between letters and sounds– specific letters make specific sounds

Question 6

Continuant Sound

Answer 6

a sound that can be prolonged as long as the breath lasts (ex: /s/ /f/ /l/ /m/ /n/ /r/ /v/ and all vowels)

Question 7

Stop Sound

Answer 7

consonant sound formed by briefly obstructing air (ex: /b/ /d/ /g/ /p/ /k/ /t/ /j/ )

Question 8

Voiced Sound

Answer 8

a sound that vibrates the vocal cords

Question 9

Unvoiced Sound

Answer 9

a sound that does not cause vocal cords to vibrate

Question 10

Phonological Awareness

Answer 10

the ability to hear, identify, and manipulate the sounds of spoken language

Question 11

Onset

Answer 11

the initial consonant sound of a single syllable/word

Question 12

Rime

Answer 12

unit composed of the vowel sound and any following consonants within a syllable

Question 13

Phoneme

Answer 13

smallest unit of speech that distinguishes one word from another

Question 14

Affricates

Answer 14

speech sound produced when the breath stream is stopped; the tip of the tongue rubs up against the roof of the mouth (ex: /ch/ /tr/)

Question 15

Digraph

Answer 15

two letters grouped together that produce a single sound and cannot be separated (ex: /sh/ /ch/ /th/ /ph/)

Question 16

Blend

Answer 16

two or three letters at the beginning or end of a word that are blended together, have two sounds, but are difficult to separate (ex: /bl/ /cl/ /fl/ /gr/ /tr/ /st/ /sw/)

Question 17

Nasals

Answer 17

m and n

Question 18

Preconsonantal nasals

Answer 18

nasals that occur before consonants

Question 19

Alphabetic Spelling

Answer 19

early spelling stage that uses names of letters, not sounds; has first/last sounds, more advanced than invented spelling

Question 20

R-influenced vowels

Answer 20

when R (also W and L) effect the way the preceding vowel is pronounced

Question 21

Syllable

Answer 21

speech unit consisting of a vowel

Question 22

Major Concepts of Emergent Stage

Answer 22

1. CAP
2. Phonological Awareness
3. Alphabet Knowledge

Question 23

Major Concepts of Letter Name & Alphabetic Stage

Answer 23

1. Short vowel spelling patterns (CVC)
2. Initial Consonant sounds (digraphs and blends)
3. Alphabetic Spelling