Emergency Stabilization Exam 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What changes the outcome of acutely poisoned patients?

A
  • Triage
  • ABCT
  • Avoid foulups
  • Antidotes
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2
Q

What is the role of the poison control center in the triage process?

A
  • have board certified med tox person
  • have applied toxicology person
  • always on call
  • fill in the blanks
  • assume the worse
  • assists in using kits and makes recommendations
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3
Q

ABCT

A
  • Airway
  • Breathing
  • Circulation
  • Temperature
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4
Q

Airway

A
  • Assessment – check gag reflex
  • Position patient and optimize airway:
    • Sniffing position, jaw thrust, head down, left-sided position
    • Remove obstruction or secretions
    • Endotracheal intubation?
  • Prepare for barfing
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5
Q

Breathing

A
  • Ventilate pt to make sure there is air coming in and out (make sure you hear breathing sounds); assist with bag/mask
  • Assess for hypoxia or cellular inhibitors causing it
  • Complications of respiratory failure: hypoxia, hypercarbia
  • Hypercarbia not dangerous unless pH drops
  • Obtain ABG
  • Give supplemental oxygen
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6
Q

Hbg’s role in oxygenation

A
  • holds four O2 molecules; carries O2 to cells
  • center iron MUST be FERROUS; if not, it cannot bind to oxygen; nitrates can interact with ferrous and turn it into ferric; methylene blue is the antidote to this
  • CO bind to Hbg with greater affinity than O2; CO will still make your blood look red
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7
Q

Circulation

A
  • Check BP, HR, rhythm
  • ECG monitoring
  • Perfusion
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8
Q

What is the most common cause of bradycardia?

A

hypoxia

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9
Q

How does TCA’s affect conduction?

A
  • causes failure in conduction
  • bradycardia
  • prolongs the QRS complex (>0.12)
  • give bicarb when this happens
  • causes ventricular arrhythmias
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10
Q

What happens when you lose regulation of heat loss?

A
  • hypothermia

- loss of vascular control

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11
Q

Hyperthermia

A
  • if temp > 105F, medical emergency; when temp is too high, muscles break down -> rhabdo
  • cool pt immediately
  • administer glucose
  • control seizures, agitation, muscle rigidity
  • use BZD
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12
Q

Treating Malignant hyperthermia

A

Dantrolene

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13
Q

Treating Neuroleptic malignant syndrome

A

Bromocriptine

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14
Q

Treating Serotonin syndrome hyperthermia

A

Cyproheptadine

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