Emergency Preparedness Flashcards
Disaster Preparedness: Four Stages
Mitigation
Preparedness
Response
Recovery
Identifying risks
Each community and nearly every hospital conducts some sort of _________ to identify what natural and man-made risks they face and the likelihood of their occurrence
Once hazards are identified – rank top ones
Mitigation (prevention)
Hazard Vulnerability Assessment (HVA)
Stage of readiness; continuous process of planning, training, and disaster drills
Preparedness
Mobilization of first responders
Save lives, reduce further damage
Includes firefighters, police, ambulance, search and rescue
Shelters created
Damage assessment
Response
Restoring to precious state
Re-employment for the community to return stable economically
Includes rebuilding, repairing and replacing property that is destroyed
May require counseling…
Recovery
Categories of protective equipment from levels A-D (highest to lowest)
A: highest level of resp, skin, eye, and mucus membrane protection (SCBA suit, gloves, boots)-D: standard precautions PPE
Disaster Plan” Remember:
Hazard vulnerability analysis process occurs prior to EOP during the mitigation phase; focuses on those hazards likely to affect your community; so think about what the hospital would do if we had no air conditioning in Aug or conversely, a blizzard in Feb. How will that impact us?
Initiating the Emergency Operations Plan (EOP)
Identifying patients and documenting patient information (disaster tags)
Triage
Managing internal problems (top 10 critical meds plus others anticipated)
Communicating with the media and family (designated spokesperson and public information officer)
Triage: Different System for MCIs
Systematic triage: color coding of victims to designate critical injuries and likelihood of survival
EXPECTANT (Black): chance of survival unlikely even with definitive care or are already deceased.
IMMEDIATE (Red): injuries are life-threatening but survivable.
DELAYED (Yellow): can wait hours without threat to life or limb.
MINIMAL (Green): treatment can be delayed hours to days; “walking wounded”
Black: unresponsive with penetrating head wound. Red (priority): hemothorax. Yellow (delayed): fracture requiring open reduction. Green (minimal): minor burns; walking wounded-arrive on their own.
Radiation injuries
Acute radiation syndrome (ARS): dose of radiation determines if ARS will develop
Presenting signs and symptoms determine predicted survival:
Probable survivors have no initial symptoms or only minimal symptoms.
Possible survivors present with nausea and vomiting that persists for 24 to 48 hours
Improbable survivors are acutely ill with nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and shock. Neurologic symptoms suggest a lethal dose*. Survival time is variable.
5 Rights of delegation
Right task
Right circumstance
Right person
Right directions and communication
Right supervision and evaluation
Delegation Decisions
Based on the fundamental principle of public protection; nursing judgment based on:
Potential for harm
Complexity of care
Unpredictability of outcome
Effective Delegation
Assess the knowledge and skills of the delegatee
Match tasks to the delegatee’s skills
Communicate clearly:
Listen attentively: use teach back
Provide feedback
task, outcome, time
Covid-
droplet & contact
Ebola-
contact with blood or body fluids
