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Year 3 > Emergency Drugs > Flashcards

Emergency Drugs Flashcards

1
Q

Epinephrine (Adrenaline) - when to use

A

Emergency treatment of acute anaphylaxis

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2
Q

Epinephrine (Adrenaline) dose in adults

A

500micrograms, using 1 in 1000 (1mg/1mL), repeat dose after 5 mins

0.5mL of 1:1000

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3
Q

Epinephrine (Adrenaline) route of administration

A

IM into the anterolateral aspect of the middle third of the thigh

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3
Q

Hydrocortisone - when to use

A

Addisonian crisis
Thyroid storm [thyrotoxicosis]
Severe acute asthma and Life-threatening asthma

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4
Q

Hydrocortisone dose in adults

A

100mg immediately, then 100mg every 6-8hrs until recovered

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5
Q

Hydrocortisone route of administration

A

IV

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6
Q

Chlorphenamine maleate - when to use

A

Emergency treatment of anaphylactic reactions

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7
Q

Chlorphenamine maleate - dose for adults

A

10mg, repeated if necessary; max 4 doses/day

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8
Q

Chlorphenamine maleate - route of administration

A

IM or IV

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9
Q

Atropine sulfate - when to use

A

Bradycardia following myocardial infarction

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10
Q

Atropine sulfate - dose for adults

A

500 micrograms every 3-5min; maximum 3mg per course

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11
Q

Atropine sulfate - route of administration

A

IV

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12
Q

Aspirin - when to use

A

Suspected ACS

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13
Q

Aspirin - dose for adults

A

300mg

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14
Q

Aspirin - route of administration

A

PO [chewed if for ACS]

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15
Q

Clopidogrel - when to use

A

Prevention of atherothrombotic events following ACS

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16
Q

Clopidogrel - dose for adults

A

Loading dose 300mg
Then 75 mg daily for up to 12months

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17
Q

Clopidogrel - route of administration

A

PO

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18
Q

Calcium Gluconate - when to use

A

Acute hyperkalaemia

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19
Q

Calcium Gluconate - dose for adults

A

hyperkalaemia - 30mL 10%

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20
Q

Calcium Gluconate - route of administration

A

Slow IV injection

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21
Q

Insulin/Dextrose infusion - when to use

A

Hyperkalaemia

22
Q

Insulin/Dextrose infusion - dose for adults

A

According to UHL guidelines
0.9% NaCl 100mL with
Soluble insulin 10 units
50% Glucose 50mL
given over 15m

23
Q

Insulin/Dextrose infusion - route of administration

A

IV, over 15min

24
Q

What types of emergency hypoglycaemia treatments are there?

A

100ml 20% glucose
IM Glucagon
Glucose infusion 50mL/hr

Glucojuice
1 bottle [60mls] Lift juice shot
5-7 dextrose tablets

2 tubes of glucose gel

25
Q

20% glucose - dose and route of administration

A

100mL over 10-15mins IV

26
Q

Glucagon - dose and route of administration

A

1mg SC or IM injection
if no response in 10min, iv glucose must be given

27
Q

Glucose infusion - dose and route of administration

A

15-20g over 15mins as 10 or 20% IV infusion

28
Q

Glucojuice/Lift glucose liquid - dose and route of administration

A

15g glucose in 60mL
PO

29
Q

Dextrose tablets - dose and route of administration

A

5-7 tablets
PO

30
Q

Glucose gel - dose and route of administration

A

2x 25g of 40% glucose
PO, in incapable/uncooperative patient

31
Q

Diazepam - when to use

A

Status epilepticus, febrile convulsions, convulsions due to poisoning

32
Q

Diazepam - dose

A

10mg, then 10mg after 10min if required, administered at a rate of 1mL [5mg]/minute

33
Q

Diazepam - route of administration

A

IV
PR [rectum]

34
Q

Lorazepam - when to use

A

Status epilepticus, febrile convulsions, convulsions caused by poisoning

35
Q

Lorazepam - dose for adults

A

4mg for 1 dose, then 4mg after 5-10min

36
Q

Lorazepam - route of administration

A

Slow IV injection, into a large vein

37
Q

Salbutamol nebuliser - when to use

A

Moderate, severe, or life-threatening asthma

38
Q

Salbutamol nebuliser - dose for adults

A

5mg, then repeat every 20-30 or when required, given via oxygen-driven nebuliser if available

39
Q

Salbutamol nebuliser - route of administration

A

Via oxygen driven nebuliser

with 5-6L of oxygen

40
Q

Prednisolone - when to use

A

Asthma - mild to moderate, severe or life-threatening

41
Q

Prednisolone in asthma - dose for adults

A

40-50mg daily for at least 5 days

42
Q

Prednisolone in asthma - route of administration

A

PO

43
Q

Morphine - when to use

A

Pain
MI

44
Q

Morphine in MI - dose for adults

A

5-10mg, followed by5-10mg if required, administered at a rate of 1-2mg/min

45
Q

Morphine for pain - dose in adults

A

PO/SC/IM- 10mg/4hrs
IV- 5mg/4hrs

46
Q

Morphine for MI - route of administration

A

Slow IV injection - 1-2mg/min

47
Q

Morphine for pain - route of administration

A

IV
PO/SC/IM

48
Q

Morphine for acute pulmonary oedema - dose and route of administration

A

Slow IV injection
5-10mg, at a rate of 2mg/min

49
Q

Naloxone - when to use

A

Acute opioid over-dose

50
Q

Naloxone - IV dose for adults

A

400micrograms, then 800micrograms for up to 2 doses at 1min intervals; increase to 2mg for 1 dose if still no response

51
Q

Naloxone - intra-nasal dose for adults

A

1.8mg [one spray] into one nostril, second dose after 2-3 mins if no response

52
Q

Naloxone - IM injection dose for adults

A

400micrograms every 2-3mins
injected into deltoid region or anterolateral thigh

53
Q

Emergency fluid resuscitation - dose

A

500ml 0.9% saline [or any other crystalloid], administered over 15min
reassess patient
further boluses of 250-500ml, until 2L administered, then seek expert help urgently

Year 3 (5 decks)

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