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MD500 Heli-Source > Emergency and Malfunction Procedures > Flashcards

Emergency and Malfunction Procedures Flashcards

1
Q

Engine failure complete power loss in cruise 500’ AGL or above

A
  • Adjust collective to maintain Nr 410-523 RPM
  • Apply pedal input to control yaw
  • Adjust cyclic for air speeds of 131 knots and lower
  • Confirm Engine out with other instruments
  • Altitude permitting close throttle and fuel shut of valve
  • Select landing area and maneuver as required
  • If Operating at reduced Nr RPM for glide distance lower collective prior to flare to restore Nr RPM
  • Flare to reduce airspeed and rate of descend and increase Nr RPM. Level off before landing
  • Touch down at level attitude and cushion landing
  • Avoid rapid aft cyclic or collective inputs on landing and sliding
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2
Q

Engine Failure above 12’ and below 500’ AGL

A
  • Reduce collective pitch to maintain Nr RPM. Amount and duration is dictated by airspeed and height above ground at which airspeed occurs.
  • Flare if needed as ground is approached
  • Touch down level attitude and cushion landing
  • Avoid abrupt aft cyclic or collective inputs on touch down or sliding
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3
Q

Engine failure 12’ and below

A
  • Do not lower collective
  • Apply right pedal to prevent yawing
  • Increase collective pitch to cushion landing
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4
Q

Partial power loss. Erratic with intermittent surges of power and smooth power on lower settings

A
  • Turn start pump on. Do not disregard need to land if AC runs smoothly
  • If possible fly to nearest landing area and land as soon as possible. Be prepared for complete engine failure
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5
Q

Air Restart

A

Low altitude
-Do not attempt if malfunction is suspected.
-Close twist grip to fuel cut off position
-Press start button immediately
-If N1 is 18% or higher open twist grip to idle
-N1 25-40% is preferred for coolest and fastest start
-Maintain auto rotational air speeds
High Altitude Time Permitting
-Perform normal engine start.
-Recommended airspeed 60 knots
-Advance twistgrip to full open at 60-65% N1
-Collective pitch as required once N2/Nr 103%

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6
Q

Low Rotor Speed

A

Red Engine out light on and audible low rotor Horn on.

  • Lower collective and maintain Nr RPM
  • Check other indicators to confirm engine problems and respond accordingly
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7
Q

Emergency Landing Procedures

A

Water Landing
Power Off
-Adjust collective to maintain Nr RPM
-If time permits open doors and push door handle full down to prevent relatching
-Make auto rotative flare and minimize fwd speed
-Level aircraft and apply collective to cushion landing on water
-When aircraft begins to roll lower collective full down to minimize blades skipping off water
-Release safety harness and evacuate AC as soon as blades stop turning
-Do not inflate personal flotation gear before exiting AC
Power On
-Descend to hovering altitude over water
-Open doors and push door latch full down to prevent from closing
-Passengers and co pilot exit AC
-Fly safe distance from passengers to avoid injury
-Close twist grip to cutoff position and perform hovering Auto
-Allow AC to settle in in level attitude while applying collective to cushion landing
-When AC begins to roll lower collective full down to minimize blades skipping off water
-Release safety harness and exit AC after blades stop turning

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8
Q

Fire-Cabin Smoke and Fume Elimination

A
  • Mayday call before electrical and Gen Shut off
  • Ventilate cabin to allow safe control of AC
  • Cabin Heat off
  • Fresh air vent Open
  • Pilot/cabin door vents open and facing aft
  • Proper briefing before flight will ensure How to release safety harness, opening doors and exiting to avoid main rotor blades
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9
Q

Engine Fire on the ground

A 
Overloading of fuel in combustion chamber.Normally indicated by rapid increase in TOT
-Twistgrip to cutoff
-Starter motor till TOT 150 DC
-Fuel shut off valve pull to close 
Engine compartment Fire
-Twistgrip cutoff
-Fuel shut off valve pull to close 
-Battery/EXT PWR switch off 
-Passengers and crew evacuate 
-If time permits clear passengers from area, apply rotor break, Fire extinguisher
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10
Q

Engine fire during flight

A

-Land immediately power on approach and landing without delay
-Twistgrip cutoff
-Fuel shut of valve pull to close
-Battery/EXT PWR switch off
-Passengers and crew evacuate
At altitude
-Collective down to establish auto rotation to selected landing area
-Twistgrip cutoff
-Fuel shut of valve pull to close
-Radio Mayday call
-Execute auto rotational landing maintain control
-Battery/EXT PWR switch off
-Passengers and crew evacuate

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11
Q

Cabin Fire/Smoke On Ground

A
  • Twistgrip cutoff
  • Battery/EXT PWR switch off
  • Passengers and crew evacuate
  • Rotor brake apply
  • Secure area and have passengers evacuate area
  • Fire extinguisher use as appropriate
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12
Q

Cabin Fire/Smoke In Flight

A
  • Land immediately power on approach and landing
  • Air vents open ventilate cabin
  • Twistgrip cutoff
  • Battery/EXT PWR switch off
  • Passengers crew evacuate
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13
Q

Engine Fuel Control Systems Malfunctions.
Fuel control or Power Turbine Governor Failure
Overspeed

A
  • Failure indicated by instrument needle fluctuation of:N1/N2/Nr/TOT/Torque
  • N1/N2/Nr/TOT/Torque increase and possible right yaw
  • Increase collective to load main rotor and rolloing twistgrip towards idle untill N2 speed is obtained
  • Manually control N2 speed (102-103%) with collective twistgrip
  • If operating RPM cannot be established close twistgrip to cutoff and auto rotate to landing
  • Immediate pilot action is required because engine torque,TOT,N2,Nr may suddenly increase above limits.
  • When shutting down engine do not reduce collective pitch until Rotor RPM has decreased to within nornmal operating range
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14
Q

Engine Fuel Control Systems Malfunctions.
Fuel control or Power Turbine Governor Failure
Underspeed

A
  • N2/Nr decaying
  • Possible left yaw
  • Possible low rotor RPM Warning
  • Lower collective and maintain Nr RPM and level flight at 60 knots
  • If power is insufficient make auto rotative landing
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15
Q

Engine Fuel Control Systems Malfunctions.
Fuel control or Power Turbine Governor Failure
Power Turbine Governor Surge

A

-N2 fluctuating governor not maintaining pre set speed 102-103%
-Turning start pump on may allow engine to run smoothly/Do not disregard need to land as soon as possible
-Beep N2 to Max
-Control N2 manually with twistgrip 102-103%
-

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16
Q

Engine chip detector(Yellow ENGINE CHIPS indicator on)

A
  • Metal contamination of oil

- Land as soon as possible

17
Q

Low Engine oil pressure

A 
-Oil Pressure decreasing below normal operating range
In Flight
-Land as soon as possible
-Shut engine down 
On Ground
-Shut engine down
18
Q

Engine Torque loss

A 
In Flight
-May be as result of broken torque meter tubing 
-Land as soon as possible 
-Shut engine down 
On Ground 
-Shut engine down
19
Q

Red XMSN OIL PRESS Light

A
  • Transmission oil pressure low

- Land as soon as possible

20
Q

Red XMSN OIL TEMP Light

A
  • Transmission oil temp exceeds max limit

- Land as soon as possible

21
Q

Yellow M/R XMSN CHIPS Light

A
  • Metal contamination of oil

- Land as soon as possible

22
Q

Yellow T/R XMSN CHIPS Light

A
  • Metal contamination of oil

- Land as soon as possible

23
Q

Anti torque failure Complete loss of thrust in Fwd Flight

A
  • Uncontrollable yawing to the right
  • Reduce power by lowering collective
  • Adjust airspeed 50 to 60 knots
  • Use left lateral cyclic in combination with collective pitch to limit left sideslip to a reasonable angle
  • If conditions permit roll twistgrip to ground idle once landing area is selected and perform autorotation. Plan to touch down with little or no fwd airspeed
24
Q

Anti torque failure Complete loss of thrust in the Hover

A
  • Uncommanded right turn
  • Place throttle at adle position and perform hover auorotation landing.
  • Reduce Altitude to below 12’ prior to throttle to idle
25
Q

Anti torque failure Complete loss of thrust in Fixed tail rotor pitch setting

A
  • Adjust power to maintain 50-60 knots
  • Perform shallow approach and run on landing to suitable area.
  • Touch down at translational lift and 30 knots into wind
  • Adjust yaw with throttle twistgrip inputs
26
Q

One Way Lock Failure

A
  • One way lock assembly is a self contained hydraulic unit that prevents aft feedback forces in the longitudinal cyclic control
  • Indication: Aft feedback in the cyclic at high airspeed and or during pull ups from high airspeeds or higher than normal forces required to move cyclic longitudinally
  • 10 to 20 pounds force required to to open hydraulic relief valve and up to 40 pounds of force required in turbulence
  • Reduce airspeed to 100 knots or less
  • Limit cyclic input minimal movements only required movements.
27
Q

Cyclic Trim Failure

Inoperative Trim

A
  • The Trim motor is not responding to cyclic trim commands in one or more directions
  • Establish safe flight condition that produces least cyclic control force. Normally straight and level at last trim airspeed
  • Actuate trim through all positions. Determine extent of trim failure. If restored trim to neutral and land as soon as practical
  • If trim failure is in all directions and control of helicopter can be maintained Check/Reset TRIM Circuit breaker
  • Land as soon as practical if unable to restore full cyclic control
28
Q

Cyclic Trim Failure

Runaway Trim

A
  • Uncommanded movement of trim laterally or longitudinally
  • 30 pounds of force required to move cyclic but control can be maintained by pilot
  • Establish safe flight with least cyclic force produced
  • Fwd stick runaway can be reduced by increased airspeed and Aft stick runaway by slower airspeeds
  • Utilize Left hand and legs to apply pressure on cyclic and conserve energy of right hand for landing. Use collective friction
  • Actuate trim switch through all positions as this will generally restore trimming. When restored trim to near neutral position and land as soon as practical
  • If Full fwd cyclic runaway is experienced land into wind and not downwind in excess of 15 knots
29
Q

Abnormal vibrations

A
  • Rotor or drive train system issues
  • Land as soon as possible
  • Flights prohibited until cause of vibrations are found
30
Q

Yellow FUEL FILTER Light

A
  • Predetermined pressure differential across filter has been reached and impeding bypass condition exists
  • Turn on start pump
  • Continue flight
  • Service fuel filter prior to next flight
  • If any unusual engine indications take place land as soon as possible
  • Flights prohibited until filter is serviced
31
Q

Yellow FUEL LEVEL LOW Light

A
  • Aprox 35 lbs fuel left 22 lbs usable
  • Never use fuel level light as indication of low fuel
  • Void large steady side slip angles and uncoordinated maneuvers
  • 130 knots max
  • Land as soon as possible
32
Q

Battery over temp RED 160 DF Light

A
  • Battery switch off
  • Land as soon as possible
  • Flights prohibited until battery is replaced and cause corrected
33
Q

Battery over temp YELLOW 140 DF Light

A
  • Battery switch off
  • Must remain of for remainder of flight
  • Light will go out once battery cools to below 140 DF
  • Flights prohibited until battery inspected and cause corrected
34
Q

Yellow GEN OUT Light

A
  • Generator not operational
  • Check Generator circuit breaker in
  • Turn Generator switch off. Then on
  • If light comes back on Pull Generator circuit breaker and switch GEN switch on for remainder of flight
  • Generator switch must be in on position to allow Engine OUT/LOW Rotor audio warning to function
  • Reduce electrical load to minimum
  • Land as soon as practical
35
Q

Yellow FILTER CLOGGED Light

A
  • Certain conditions in flight might illuminate light only a steady light is a concern
  • Filter bypass control handle Open
  • SCAV AIR OFF
  • Service particle separator prior to next flight
  • Avoid corrosion on N1 do not fly in dirty or dusty air with filter bypass door open

MD500 Heli-Source (3 decks)

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