Emergency and Disaster Flashcards
What is ESI triage system?
5 levels:
1. Unstable (life or death)
2. High risk (will become unstable in <10 min)
3. Stable but urgent (needs tx within hour, needs 2 or more resources)
4. Stable but less urgent (could have gone to urgent care, one resource only)
5. Stable not urgent (could have gone to Dr’s office, no resources needed)
What are considered resources in ER setting? How does this factor into triaging patients?
Labs
CT
MRI
Xray
ECHO
IV
IV, IM, Nebulizer meds
Specialty consult
NOT Resources:
Hep Lock
Oral meds
Simple wound care
POC testing
Tetanus shot
Pts with abnormal VS are classed as minimum of ____ (on ESI)
2
(Unless hx of HTN and active HTN)
AVPU mnemonic?
A=Alert
V=Responsive to verbal
P=Responsive to pain
U=Unresponsive
ABCDEFG mnemonic for initial assessment of ER pt?
A=Airway, Alertness
B=Breathing
C=Circulation, Control of hemorrhage
D=Disability or GCS and pupils
E=Exposure, Environmental control
(remove clothes and assess thoroughly)
F=Full set of VS, Family presence
G=Get monitoring devices, Give comfort
LMNOP (steps in “G” get monitoring)
Lab
Monitor EKG
Naso/orogastric
Oxygen
Pain
SAMPLE mnemonic for history taking
S=Symptoms
A=Allergies
M=Med hx
P=Past Med hx
L=Last oral intake
E=Events leading up to
When should we not induce vomiting after poison ingestion?
With acids and bleach
Antidote given for Tylenol poisoning?
N-acetylcysteine
How to differentiate between superficial and deep frostbite?
Superficial=waxy, pale yellow to blue and mottled, can feel tingling and numbness. Feels crunchy and frozen to touch
Deep=White, hard, insensitive to touch
Both are immersed in warm circulating water
What is SALT in mass casualty?
Sort
Assess
Lifesaving intervention
Treatment/transport
How do you sort in mass casualty?
Can you walk to the sound of my voice? (have them move out of hot zone)
If you can hear me but can’t move, wave. I’ll be with you asap.
How do you assess in mass casualty?
Can you perform a life saving intervention quickly?
Are they breathing? If not, open airway. If still nothing, black ribbon.
If they start breathing, do CRAP assessment.
What are the life saving measures in mass casualty? (MSI)
Control major hemorrhage (with tourniquet)
Open airway
Inject antidotes
Needle decompression (if within your scope)
What is CRAP assessment?
If they start breathing,
1. Can they obey commands?
2. Resp. distress?
3. Arterial bleeding?
4. Peripheral pulses?
—CRAP mnemonic—
Think of the answers to these questions as good/bad. If they are good»move to green/yellow. If ANY ONE OF THESE QUESTIONS are bad»move to red/black.
What does a gray ribbon signify?
Red?
Yellow?
Green?
Pink?
Gray=Expected to die, but not dead yet.
Red=Critical but expected to survive, priority transport
Yellow=Needs care but not immediate transport
Green=walking wounded
Pink=Contaminated
