Emergency

Question 1

Irregularly irregular pulse and RR interval on the ECG

Acute: Cardioversion
Chronic: Digoxin

Answer 1

Atrial Fibrillation

Question 2

Atrial rate of 300-480 bpm

Regular rhythm with sawtooth undulation of baseline P wave

Answer 2

Atrial Flutter

Question 3

Increased heart rate for age originating from the sinus node

HR: 110-180
Negative P waves in Lead I and aVF

Answer 3

Sinus Tachycardia

Question 4

Most common significant cardiac arrhythmia

Answer 4

Supraventricular tachycardia

Question 5

Sx: palpitation, shortness of breath, chest pain, respiratory distress, syncope, pallor

ECG: 150-300
Ventricular complexes are normal with fixed RR interval

Answer 5

Supraventricular tachycardia

Question 6

ECG: rate 120-200, series of 3 or more consecutive ectopic beats

Wide complex tachycardia

Stable: IV Lidocaine
Unstable: cardioversion 1J/kg

Answer 6

Ventricular Tachycardia

Question 7

Most common cause of chest pain in pediatrics

Answer 7

Musculoskeletal problems

Question 8

Warm, tender, erythematous lid swelling, mucoid discharge; conjunctival swelling

Answer 8

Preorbital Cellulitis

Question 9

Warm, tender, erythematous lid swelling, mucoid discharge; conjunctival swelling, ocular pain, limited EOM, chemosis

Answer 9

Orbital Cellulitis

Question 10

Treatment for Orbital and Preorbital Cellulitis

Answer 10

Cephalexin OR Cefadroxil

Question 11

Type of burn common in <5y/o

Answer 11

Scald burns

Question 12

Type of burn common in 5-13y/o

Answer 12

Flame burns

Question 13

Superficial epidermal layer is involved

Pink or light red; blanches on pressure

Heals without scarring within 6 days

Answer 13

First Degree Burn

Question 14

Partial thickness burns

Papillary layer of dermis; with blisters and bullae, extremely painful

Heals within 10-20days

Answer 14

Second degree burn

Question 15

Full thickness burns

All skin elements are lost, skin is dry, white or charred, thrombosed visible veins

Answer 15

Third degree burn

Question 16

Involvement of subcutaneous tissue, fascia, tendon, muscle and/or bone

Answer 16

Fourth degree burn

Question 17

Most common cause of scrotal swelling

Answer 17

Testicular torsion

Question 18

Brain injury not demonstrable in radiographs but associated with a transient LOC

Answer 18

Concussion

Question 19

Area of focal edema with or without hemorrhage in CT scan; with LOC and focal deficits

Answer 19

Contusion

Question 20

Tear in middle meningeal artery

Temporoparietal skull fracture

Concussion followed by lucid interval and loss of consciousness with increase ICP

Answer 20

Epidural Hematoma

Question 21

Tearing of the bridging veins between cerebral cortex and dura associated with severe brain injury

Coma or seizures; common in infants

Answer 21

Subdural hematoma