EMC L2 Study Questions Flashcards

1
Q

The Canadian standard for the certification of nondestructive testing personnel is developed and maintained by:
A) the Canadian General Standards Board (CGSB)
B) standard committee composed of representatives from industry working under the auspices of the of CGSB
C) Natural Resources Canada under the auspice of the CGSB
D) a cooperative effort between various Canadian regulatory bodies and Natural Resources Canada

A

B) standard committee composed of representatives from industry working under the auspices of the of CGSB

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

The levels of certification covered by the CGSB standard on NDT personnel certification are:
A) trainee, L1, L2 and L3
B) apprentice, trainee, L1, L2 and L3
C) L1, L2 and L3
D) none of the above

A

C) L1, L2 and L3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

The pickling time will be least for:
A) low carbon steels
B) high carbon steels
C) alloy steels
D) same for all

A

C) alloy steels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Which of the following heat treatments usually follow a hardening treatment in order to make the steel more ductile?
A) annealing
B) tempering
C) spheriodizing
D) normalizing

A

B) tempering

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Which of the following statement is correct?
A) alkaline solutions are never used to clean aluminum alloys
B) acid solutions are never used to clean aluminum alloys
C) acid solutions are usually used to clean aluminum alloys
D) alkaline solutions are usually used to clean aluminum alloys

A

D) alkaline solutions are usually used to clean aluminum alloys

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Thermal conductivity of a metal is an important factor to consider in making quality weldments because:
A) some metals such as aluminum have low conductivity which result in weld defects due to localized heat build up
B) some metals, such as SS, have high conductivity which results in lack of fusion defects as the heat is quickly removed from the weld zone
C) in some metals, such as aluminum, very high temp gradients, are produced, causing stresses during cooling
D) none of the above

A

D) none of the above

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

To remove iron from the ore in a blast furnace, the following materials are added to the furnace to generate the desired chemical reactions:
A) coke, ore and oxygen
B) bauxite, ore and air
C) coke, ore, limestone and air
D) coke, ore, limestone and bauxite

A

C) coke, ore, limestone and air

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

An advantage of using green sand molds over dry sand molds is:
A) green sand molds are stronger than dry sand molds and thus are less susceptible to damage in handling
B) surface finishing of large castings are better when using green sand molds
C) overall the dimensional accuracy of the mold is better with green sand
D) there is less danger of hot tearing of castings when using green sand molds

A

D) there is less danger of hit tearing of castings when using green sand molds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Shielded metal arc welding is a process of joining metals which is:
A) fully automated
B) semi-automated
C) carried out manually
D) all of the above

A

C) carried out manually

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

In the resistance spot welding of low carbon steel, the heat is generated:
A) concentrated between the positive electrode and the work
B) concentrated at the interface of the two plates to be welded
C) concentrated between the negative electrode and the work
D) evenly distributed in the work between the electrodes

A

B) concentrated at the interface of the two plates to be welded

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Which of the flowing is not a brazing process?
A) furnace brazing
B) induction brazing
C) infrared brazing
D) electron beam brazing

A

C) infrared brazing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Completely recrystallized hot rolled steel products have:
A) exactly the same mechanical properties in the longitudinal and transverse direction
B) superior mechanical properties in the direction of rolling
C) superior mechanical properties in the transverse direction
D) inferior mechanical properties than the original cast structure

A

B) superior mechanical properties in the direction of rolling

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Bursts are caused by:
A) casting at too low a temperature
B) forging metal which is either too hot or too cold
C) insufficient reduction in size is attempted in one forging operation
D) none of the above

A

B) forging metal which is either too hot or too cold

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

In which of the following welding processes is filler metal never added?
A) brazing
B) soldering
C) arc welding
D) spot welding

A

D) spot welding

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

A welding defect that occurs in the root pass and runs parallel with the weld is:
A) incomplete fusion between beads
B) icicle
C) crater crack
D) incomplete joint penetration

A

D) incomplete joint penetration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

A burst is discontinuity that may be found in:
A) a forging
B) a rolled product
C) an extrusion
D) any of the above

A

D) any of the above

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

A hole produced during solidification of metal due to escaping gases is called:
A) burst
B) a cold shut
C) flaking
D) blow hole

A

D) blow hole

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Grain boundaries are areas of a metal micro structure:
A) where high melting points constituents are concerned
B) made up of rows of atoms arrayed in straight lines
C) that are not attacked by etchants and generally stand in relief during metallographic examinations
D) where low melting impurities tend to concentrate

A

D) where low melting impurities tend to concentrate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is the cause of cracks in the HAZ?
A) a thermal cycle that increases hardness and reduces brittleness
B) a thermal cycle that reduces hardness and increases brittleness
C) a thermal cycle that reduces hardness and brittleness
D) a thermal cycle that increases hardness and brittleness

A

D) a thermal cycle that INCREASES hardness and brittleness

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

The best way to demagnetize a long tube would be:
A) reversing DC with a central conductor
B) pulsating AC with a central conductor
C) a portable yoke
D) passing the tube through an AC coil

A

A) reversing DC with a central conductor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Define pipe: (ingot discontinuity)

A

A shrinkage cavity that results in not enough molten metal reaching the center of the casting

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

In rolling operations, the flattened and elongated pipe discontinuity becomes what?

A

A lamination

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Define segregation: (ingot discontinuity)

A

A non-uniform distribution of alloying elements and impurities

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Define killed steel:

A

Steel that has been fully deoxidized prior to being cast into ingots

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Define billet: (in regards to castings)
A steel shape whose cross-section area is LESS than 36 square inches
26
Define bloom: (in regards to castings)
A steel shape whose cross-section is GREATER than 36 square inches
27
Define slab: (in regards to castings)
A rectangular shape whose width is at least 3x its thickness
28
What does the term “green” refer to in a green sand casting?
The high moisture content used to make the mold shape
29
What is the main advantage of a dry sand casting over a green sand casting?
It’s stronger and less susceptible to handling damage
30
What is the main advantage of a shell mold casting over a sand casting?
Greater dimensional accuracy
31
What is the main advantage of a plaster mold casting over a sand or shell mold casting?
Best as-cast surface
32
What are the 3 main disadvantages of a plaster mold casting?
1) only non-ferrous materials can be cast 2) restricted to relatively small parts 3) mold-making time may be long
33
What does a true centrifugal casting involve?
A rotating mold that is used to develop centrifugal force.
34
Describe the mold in a permanent casting:
Reusable molds that are made of metal with machined cavities.
35
A die casting also employs reusable metal molds with machined mold cavities. What is the difference between the die casting and the permanent casting?
In the die casting, the molten metal is injected into the mold cavity under pressure.
36
There are two types of die castings: hot chamber and cold chamber. Which is high pressure and which is low pressure?
Hot chamber = low pressure Cold chamber = high pressure
37
Define strength:
Ability to withstand applied loads/stress prior to failure
38
Define hardness:
Resistance to shape change/deformation when external force is applied
39
Define toughness:
Ability to deform plastically prior to fracturing or rupturing
40
Ductility:
Material softness. Ability to deform under stresses applied by tension
41
What shape are inclusions?
Irregularly shaped to slightly spherical
42
What does shrinkage look like?
Sponge-like/brach-like
43
What does micro-shrinkage look like?
Feathery/sponge-like
44
Are hot tears trans-granular or inter-granular?
Inter-granular
45
Where are cold shots commonly found?
On the outside of the casting (can be seen visually)
46
How are hot cracks caused?
Internal residual stresses that initiate after solidification and during cooling from high temps
47
What’s another name for a cold crack?
A mechanical crack
48
How are cold cracks caused?
Rough handling, thermal shock, shakeout (mechanically removing sand from a sand mold casting) or during heat treatment
49
Define misrun:
When a casting mold is not sufficiently filled with molten metal and fails to meet dimensional requirements
50
What name is given to the bottom part of the mold flask in the casting process? A) cope B) drag C) gate D) chill
B) drag
51
Which of the casting processes listed below uses the ‘’expendable’’ molds? A) die casting B) injection mold casting C) investment casting D) centrifugal casting
C) investment casting
52
What is the name of the metal inserts that are placed inside the mold to aid in uniform cooling between thick and thin sections of the finished casting? A) chills B) chaplets C) cores D) risers
À) chills
53
A discontinuity caused by gas that is released during solidification, or by the evaporation of moisture or volatile material from the mold surface, is indicative of: A) microshrinkage B) shrinkage cavity C) inclusion D) gas porosity
D) gas porosity
54
In a casting mold, what does the runner connect? A) the pouring basin to the sprue B) the down gate to the riser C) the sprue to the ingate D) the pouring basin to the mold cavity
C) the sprue to the ingate
55
Which of the following acts as a reservoir of molten metal that is provided to compensate for the internal contraction of the casting as it solidifies, while also providing the necessary venting of gas or air? A) riser B) pouring cup C) runner D) sprue
À) riser
56
Which of the following statements could be considered a common characteristic of both sand casting and investment casting? A) both may be used to produce small castings B) both produce castings of great dimensional accuracy C) both make use of wooden patterns D) both make use of reusable molds
À) both may be used to produce small castings
57
Blooms, billets and slabs are manufactured in what type of processing?
Primary processing
58
Forcing toothpaste from a tube is a common example of what type of process?
Extrusion
59
What is the reverse process of extruding?
Drawing: PULLING a metal through a die to reduce and lengthen
60
Laminations are caused by what? A) pipe B) large porosities C) blowholes D) inclusions E) all of the above
E) all of the above
61
Define cupping:
A series of internal ruptures that are severe defects common to bar stock rod and wire. (Shaped like chevrons)
62
Define hydrogen flakes:
Short, internal fissures that are extremely thin and are aligned parallel with the grain
63
What is the difference between pickling and etching?
Pickling prepares the surface of the metal while etching removes thin layers of surface metal thickness (with chemical acids)
64
Which of the following materials cannot be cold worked at room temperature? A) aluminum B) copper C) silver D) lead
D) lead
65
Which of the following is a discontinuity that might be found in rolled plate stock? A) shrinkage cracks B) inclusions C) forging laps D) blow holes
B) inclusions
66
A rough forging discontinuity has the following characteristics: it can occur on the surface or internally; it is associated with low temp processing; it is often caused by excessive working; and it creates cavities varying in size. How would it be identified? A) burst B) shrinkage C) pipe D) lamination
À) burst
67
Which of the following is a processing discontinuity? A) blow holes B) intergranular corrosion C) forging lap D) segregation
C) forging lap
68
Discontinuities in plate, sheet or strip caused by pipe, inclusions or blowholes in the original ingot, which after rolling are usually flat and parallel to the outside surface, are called: A) seams B) laminations C) cracks D) laps
B) laminations
69
The property of a metal that allows plastic deformation while under tension before fracture is: A) the endurance limit B) hardness C) ductility D) toughness
C) ductility
70
An advantage of hot working over cold working is that: A) internal cavities may close or weld together during operation B) the final product has better dimensional tolerances C) the final product has better mechanical properties D) the final product has a better surface finish
À) internal cavities may close or weld together during the operation
71
What is the name given to the process that involves steps such as bending, die compacting and sintering? A) press forging B) powder metallurgy C) powder forging D) press alloying
B) powder metallurgy
72
A manufacturing process based on plastic flow is: A) welding B) casting C) forging D) all of the above
C) forging
73
A definite break in the material caused by excessive working of the metal during this forging, rolling or extruding operation is called a: A) cold shut B) seam C) burst D) hot tear
C) burst
74
An inherent defect formed prior to completion of solidification or during plastic stage of solidification of the casting because of restricted contraction is called a: A) hot tear B) shrinkage C) burst D) cold shut
A) hot tear
75
An advantage of investment casting over green sand casting is: A) the mold is reusable B) larger parts may be cast C) more complex shapes may be cast D) the need for cores never arises
C) more complex shapes may be cast
76
77
In which of the following casting processes are cores never used: A) a shell mold casting B) investment casting C) permanent mold casting D) none of the above
D) none of the above
78
In gas welding, the acetylene is usually burned with: A) oxygen B) hydrogen C) argon D) nitrogen
A) oxygen
79
A non consumable electrode used for arc welding would be made of: A) tungsten B) steel C) copper D) any of the above
A) tungsten
80
Another term for investment casting is the: A) die casting method B) lost wax process C) semi-centrifugal process D) none of the above
B) lost wax process
81
A metal forming operation which allows the three dimensional control over the shape of the product is: A) rolling B) extruding C) forging D) all of the above
C) forging
82
In a sand casting, the upper half of the mold is the: A) sprue B) cope C) drag D) gate
B) cope
83
Which of the following result from inclusions in the original cast material which are flattened in the direction of rolling, forging, or extruding: A) laminations B) stringers C) blow holes D) laps
B) stringers
84