Embryology

Question 1

What gives rise to the ureter and kidneys

Answer 1

Intermediate Mesoderm (nephrogenic cord/urogenital ridge) gives rise to kidney & ureter

Question 2

What does the cloaca give rise to?

Answer 2

Cloaca gives rise to urinary bladder & urethra

Question 3

What is the allantois?

Answer 3

Outpouch of endoderm at the hindgut

Question 4

What are the three sets of tubular nephric structures?

Answer 4

Pronephros, Mesonephros and metanephros

Question 5

At what week does the pronephros degenerate?

Answer 5

Degenerates at 5th week apart from the pronephric duct which turns into the mesonephric duct

Question 6

What duct opens into the cloaca?

Answer 6

Mesonephric duct

Question 7

What does the metanephros come from?

Answer 7

The ureteric bud which comes off the mesonephric duct

Question 8

What are four structures that are formed from the metanephric blastule?

Answer 8

Excretory tubules (Nephrons)

  - Bowman’s Capsule
  - PCT
  - Loop of Henle
  - DCT

Question 9

What are three structures formed by the ureteric bud?

Answer 9

Collecting ducts
Calyces
Ureters

Question 10

What septum divides the cloaca?

Answer 10

Urorectal septum

Question 11

What do the three parts of the urogenital sinus form?

Answer 11

Cranial part
- forms bladder

Middle part
- forms prostatic and membranous urethra in males, and entire urethra in females

Caudal part
- forms penile urethra in males

Question 12

What eventually forms the vas deferens?

Answer 12

The mesonephric duct