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UoL Sem2 > Embryology > Flashcards

Embryology Flashcards

1
Q

What is histiotrophic nutrition?

A

It is the nutrition provided to the embryo NOT from maternal blood. Important up to 12th week.

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2
Q

What is hatching ?

A

Losing the zona pellucida.

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3
Q

What does the trophoblast form ?

A

Yolk sac and placenta

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4
Q

What is haemotrophic nutrition?

A

Nutrition provided from maternal blood. Important from 12th week onwards.

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5
Q

What is embryonic age?

A

Time since fertilisation.

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6
Q

What is gestational age?

A

Time since last mensuration.

Embryonic age- 2 weeks.

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7
Q

Germinal stage ?

A

Time from fertilisation to the end of the second week.

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8
Q

What is embryonic period?

A

Time from 3rd week till he end of the 8th week.

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9
Q

What is the foetal period?

A

Time from the 9th week till birth 38 weeks.

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10
Q

What does the trophoblast divide in to ?

A

Cytotrophoblast and syncitiotrophoblast

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11
Q

What does the embryoblast divide in to ?

A

Epiblast and hypoblast

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12
Q

What does the hypoblast divide in to ?

A

Yolk sac and chorionic cavity.

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13
Q

What are the key processes of embryology?

A

1) fertilisation and implantation
2) gastrulation
3) neurulation
4) segmentation
5) folding

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14
Q

Where does the primitive occur?

A

Dorsal surface of the epiblast in the 3rd week.

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15
Q

What do the following differentiate in to :

Epiblast, migrated cells from epiblast and hypoblast?

A

Epiblast: ectoderm
Migrated cells : mesoderm
Hypoblast: endoderm

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16
Q

What do the following differentiate to form ?

Ectoderm, mesoderm and endoderm.

A

Ectoderm: organs and structures in contact with outside world
Nervous system and epidermis.
Mesoderm: supporting tissue, muscle, cartilage, bone and vasculature
Heart and blood vesse.
Endoderm: internal structures, epithelial lining of GI and respiratory
tracts and parenchyma of internal organs.

17
Q

What does the dermatome form ?

A

Skin section, dermis.

18
Q

What does the myotome form?

A

Muscles section.

19
Q

What does the sclerotome form?

A

Hard tissue , bone .

20
Q

What repeating units do the somites form ?

A

Vertebrae
Ribs
Intercostal muscles
Spinal cord segments.

21
Q

How many somites does the embryo have ?

A

31 somites, 31 pairs of spinal nerves.

UoL Sem2 (1 decks)

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