Embryology

Question 1

major event during gastrulation essential for formation of the NS

Answer 1

notochord development

Question 2

ectoderm above notochord becomes

Answer 2

neuroectoderm

Question 3

sonic hedgehog (Shh)

Answer 3

factor influencing floorplate neurons

Question 4

mutations in Shh lead to:

Answer 4

loss of notochordal induction
medulloblastoma
basal cell carcinoma

Question 5

anterior neuropore becomes

Answer 5

lamina terminalis

Question 6

hindbrain specified into rhombomeres by influence of

Answer 6

Hox Genes

Question 7

sulcus limitans

Answer 7

demarcates a dorsal alar plate from ventral basal plate

Question 8

glioblasts

Answer 8

non neuronal cells of the CNS

Question 9

radial glia

Answer 9

neurons migrate along these

Question 10

ganglia and sensory part of VIII arise from

Answer 10

otic placode

Question 11

ventricular zone eventually becomes

Answer 11

ependymal layer

Question 12

marginal zone forms

Answer 12

white matter

Question 13

alar plate becomes

Answer 13

dorsal horn

Question 14

basal plate becomes

Answer 14

ventral horn

Question 15

5 secondary brain vesicles

Answer 15

telencephalon, diencephalon, mesencephalon, metencephalon, myelencephalon

Question 16

myelencephalon

Answer 16

medulla

Question 17

medial to lateral functional component columns

Answer 17

GSE, GVE, SVE, SL, GVA/SVA, GSA, SSA

Question 18

alar plate derivatives of pons

Answer 18

solitary nucleus, cochlear/vestibular nuclei, spinal and principle trigeminal nuclei, pontine nuclei

Question 19

basal plate derivatives of pons

Answer 19

abducems nucleus, facial and trigeminal motor nuclei, superior salivatory nucleus

Question 20

cerebellum derived from

Answer 20

rhombic lip

Question 21

external granular layer gives rise to

Answer 21

internal granule cells, stellate cells, basket cells

Question 22

neuroblasts in ventricular zone gives rise to

Answer 22

purkinje cells, cerebellar nuclei and golgi cells

Question 23

development of thalamus

Answer 23

outside-first sequence

Question 24

hypothalamus develops from

Answer 24

neuroblasts of intermediate zone

Question 25

pineal gland develops from

Answer 25

median diverticulum of roof of diencephalon

Question 26

pituitary gland

Answer 26

ectodermal origin

Question 27

telencephalon gives rise to

Answer 27

cerebral hemispheres, cerebral cortex, corpus striatum

Question 28

arnold chiari malformation

Answer 28

cerebellar herniation into the foramen magnum

Question 29

dysraphic effects

Answer 29

associate with inadequate folate levels

Question 30

lissencephaly

Answer 30

smooth brain

Question 31

dandy-walker syndrome

Answer 31

cyst in posterior fossa, atresia of outflow foramina from 4th ventricle, dilation of 4th ventricle and agenesis of cerebellar vermis