Embrology

Question 1

Cytotrophoblast

Answer 1

layer of
mononucleated cells – mitotically
active; forms new trophoblastic
cells – migrate into increasing
mass of syncytiotrophoblast –
fuse & lose cell membranes.

Question 2

Syncytiotrophoblast

Answer 2

produces “human chorionic
gonadotropin” (hCG) – enters
maternal blood – used as basis
for pregnancy test @ 2 weeks;
hCG maintains development of
spiral aa & syncytiotrophoblast.

Question 3

Function of Pinopode (protrusions on the endometrium) during implantation

Answer 3

It functions to prevent the blastocyst from being swept away by cilia.

Question 4

Function of Zola Pellucida

Answer 4

it triggers the acrosome reaction, enabling the binding and penetration of sperm cells. It is a gatekeeper that prevents polyspermy, ensuring that only one sperm can fertilize an egg. The binding to the Zona Pellucida glycoprotein (ZP3) sets off the acrosome reaction.

Question 5

Name the three germ layers that arise from the epiblast.

Answer 5

Ectoderm
Mesoderm
Endoderm

Question 6

What does the ectoderm give rise to

Answer 6

Skin cells of Epidermis, Pigment cell, Neuron on bbrain

Question 7

What does the Mesoderm give rise to.

Answer 7

Cardiac muscle, Skeletal muscle, Tubule of the kidney, Red blood cells and smooth muscle(in the gut)

Question 8

What does the Endoderm give rise to.

Answer 8

Lining of interstinal organs e.g. Digestive tract and respiratory tract