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Cardiology > Embro > Flashcards

Embro Flashcards

1
Q

Truncus arteriosus gives rise to

A

Ascending aorta

Pulmonary trunk

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2
Q

Bulbous cordis gives rise to

A

Outflow tracts of both ventricles(smooth walled)

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3
Q

Primitive atria gives rise to

A

Trabeculated part of both atria

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4
Q

Primitive ventricles gives rise to

A

Trabeculated part of both ventricles

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5
Q

Primitive pulmonary vein gives rise to

A

Outflow tract of left atria( smooth walled)

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6
Q

Right horn of sinus venousus?

A

Smooth walled part of R/atria

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7
Q

Left horn of s venousus?

A

Coronary sinus

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8
Q

R/ common and anterior Cardinal veins

A

SVC

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9
Q

Heart starts working when

A

4 th week of gestation

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10
Q

First organ to function

A

Heart

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11
Q

Cardiac looping

  • begins when
  • what
  • defect in what can cause abnormalities /eg
A
  • week 4
  • cardiac tube rotates to get a left right polarity
  • R/L Dyenin defect dextrocardia
  • eg Kartegeners syndrom
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12
Q

Formation of interatrial septum

A

Ostium primum
Septum primum grows toward endocardial cushions
Closes os primum
Defect in septum primum-os secondum
Septum secondum closes most part of os secondum
Opening left-for amen ovale
Remaining sept primium-valve of foreman ovale

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13
Q

Closing of formen ovale

  • how
  • when
A

Fusion of septum primum and secondum

At birth with increase LA pressure

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14
Q

Patent foremen ovale

  • what
  • treatment
  • complication
A

Failure to fuse two septa
Usually left untreated
Paradoxical emboli

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15
Q

Interventricular septum formation

A

Muscular septum forms
Aorticopulmonary septim rotates and form membranous septum
Both fuse

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16
Q

VSD occurs where commonly

A

In membranous part

17
Q

Outflow tract formation

A

TA rotates
Endocardial cells and neural crest cells migrate
Form bulbar and truncal cushions
Fuse spirally and form aorticopulmonary septum

18
Q

Endocardial cushions involve in what structures

A

Separation of A and V
Atrial septum
Memb ventricular sept

19
Q

Valve development

A

A/P-endocardial cushion of outflow tract

M/T-endo cushions of AV canal

20
Q

Fetal erythropoesis structures involved with time

A 
Y🍄oung L🍄iver S🍄ynthasises B🍄lood
Yolk sac-3w-8w
Liver-10w -birth
Spleen-6w -28w
Bone marrow-18w-adult
21
Q

Embryonic globins
Fetal HB
Adult HB

A

Delta €
Alpha2 gamma2
Alpha2 beta 2

22
Q

Difference bw adult and fetal HB

A

Fetal HB high affinity to O2 as it has low affinity to 2,3BPG
facilitates O2 uptake from maternal HB

23
Q

Fetal circulatotion

  • umb vein num
  • umb atery num
  • O2 saturation in vein and artery
  • PO2 in umb vein
A

1 vein
2 arteries
80% O2 in vein less in artery
30mmhg

24
Q

Important shunts in fetal circulation

A

Umb v to ductus venousus to IVC(by pass hepatic cir)
IVC to RA to f.ovale to LA/LV to asce aorta
SVC to RV to pull trunk to PDA to desc aorta

25
Q

How are the shunts close at birth

A 
Breathing increase O2 pp in plum cir
Reduce pulm cir resist
Blood goes to pulm cir
High pressure in LA
Closes f ovale

Increase O2 and reduce prostaglandin closes ductus arteriosus

26
Q

What keeps DA open and close

A

Close Indomethacin

Open by Prostaglandins(P-Patent)PE1 PE2

27
Q 
Post natal derivatives
Allontios
D arteriosus
D venousus
F ovale
Notochord 
Umb arteries
Umb vein
A 
MediaN umb lig
Lig ateriosum
Lig venosum
Fossa ovalis
Nucleus pulposus
MediaL umb lig
Ligamentum teres hepatic in falciform ligament
28
Q

Coronary cir main vessels and supply what

A

LCA
1.LAD-ant LV
Any 2/3 interventr sept
Anterolateral papillary musc

2.LCX-Lateral and post walls of LV
Anterolateral papillary musc

RCA
1.R/marginal-ant RV
2.PDA-post ventricles 
            Post 1/3 of IV sept
            Posterio medial papillary muscle
29
Q

SA and AV nodes supplied by

Block in those arteries can cause

A

RCA

bradycardia and heart blocks

30
Q

What are R/L/Codominant circulation

A

R domi-RCA gives PDA-85%
L domi-LCA 8%
Codominant-both -7%

31
Q

CAD mostly affect which artery
Coro blood flow peaks when
Most posterior part of heart and its engagement causes what

A

LAD
early diastole
LA-dysphasia press oesophagus
Horseness press LRL nerve branch of vagus

Cardiology (4 decks)

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