Embro Flashcards
Truncus arteriosus gives rise to
Ascending aorta
Pulmonary trunk
Bulbous cordis gives rise to
Outflow tracts of both ventricles(smooth walled)
Primitive atria gives rise to
Trabeculated part of both atria
Primitive ventricles gives rise to
Trabeculated part of both ventricles
Primitive pulmonary vein gives rise to
Outflow tract of left atria( smooth walled)
Right horn of sinus venousus?
Smooth walled part of R/atria
Left horn of s venousus?
Coronary sinus
R/ common and anterior Cardinal veins
SVC
Heart starts working when
4 th week of gestation
First organ to function
Heart
Cardiac looping
- begins when
- what
- defect in what can cause abnormalities /eg
- week 4
- cardiac tube rotates to get a left right polarity
- R/L Dyenin defect dextrocardia
- eg Kartegeners syndrom
Formation of interatrial septum
Ostium primum
Septum primum grows toward endocardial cushions
Closes os primum
Defect in septum primum-os secondum
Septum secondum closes most part of os secondum
Opening left-for amen ovale
Remaining sept primium-valve of foreman ovale
Closing of formen ovale
- how
- when
Fusion of septum primum and secondum
At birth with increase LA pressure
Patent foremen ovale
- what
- treatment
- complication
Failure to fuse two septa
Usually left untreated
Paradoxical emboli
Interventricular septum formation
Muscular septum forms
Aorticopulmonary septim rotates and form membranous septum
Both fuse
VSD occurs where commonly
In membranous part
Outflow tract formation
TA rotates
Endocardial cells and neural crest cells migrate
Form bulbar and truncal cushions
Fuse spirally and form aorticopulmonary septum
Endocardial cushions involve in what structures
Separation of A and V
Atrial septum
Memb ventricular sept
Valve development
A/P-endocardial cushion of outflow tract
M/T-endo cushions of AV canal
Fetal erythropoesis structures involved with time
Y🍄oung L🍄iver S🍄ynthasises B🍄lood Yolk sac-3w-8w Liver-10w -birth Spleen-6w -28w Bone marrow-18w-adult
Embryonic globins
Fetal HB
Adult HB
Delta €
Alpha2 gamma2
Alpha2 beta 2
Difference bw adult and fetal HB
Fetal HB high affinity to O2 as it has low affinity to 2,3BPG
facilitates O2 uptake from maternal HB
Fetal circulatotion
- umb vein num
- umb atery num
- O2 saturation in vein and artery
- PO2 in umb vein
1 vein
2 arteries
80% O2 in vein less in artery
30mmhg
Important shunts in fetal circulation
Umb v to ductus venousus to IVC(by pass hepatic cir)
IVC to RA to f.ovale to LA/LV to asce aorta
SVC to RV to pull trunk to PDA to desc aorta
How are the shunts close at birth
Breathing increase O2 pp in plum cir Reduce pulm cir resist Blood goes to pulm cir High pressure in LA Closes f ovale
Increase O2 and reduce prostaglandin closes ductus arteriosus
What keeps DA open and close
Close Indomethacin
Open by Prostaglandins(P-Patent)PE1 PE2
Post natal derivatives Allontios D arteriosus D venousus F ovale Notochord Umb arteries Umb vein
MediaN umb lig Lig ateriosum Lig venosum Fossa ovalis Nucleus pulposus MediaL umb lig Ligamentum teres hepatic in falciform ligament
Coronary cir main vessels and supply what
LCA
1.LAD-ant LV
Any 2/3 interventr sept
Anterolateral papillary musc
2.LCX-Lateral and post walls of LV
Anterolateral papillary musc
RCA
1.R/marginal-ant RV
2.PDA-post ventricles
Post 1/3 of IV sept
Posterio medial papillary muscle
SA and AV nodes supplied by
Block in those arteries can cause
RCA
bradycardia and heart blocks
What are R/L/Codominant circulation
R domi-RCA gives PDA-85%
L domi-LCA 8%
Codominant-both -7%
CAD mostly affect which artery
Coro blood flow peaks when
Most posterior part of heart and its engagement causes what
LAD
early diastole
LA-dysphasia press oesophagus
Horseness press LRL nerve branch of vagus
