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Chemistry > Embalming Fluids > Flashcards

Embalming Fluids Flashcards

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1
Q

Arterial Embalming Fluids

A

embalming chemicals that are injected via the circulatory system; includes:
preservatives
germicides
modifying chemicals
supplementary chemicals

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2
Q

Preservatives

A

most important components of arterial fluid; able to inactivate saprophytic bacteria and render unsuitable for nutrition the media upon which these bacteria thrive; arrest decomposition by converting the tissues into a form less suitable for decomposition and by altering the enzymes of the body that cause decomposition to occur; many are also disinfectants

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3
Q

Examples of preservatives found in arterial fluids

A

aldehydes, alcohols, and phenolic compounds

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4
Q

Preservative examples of PHENOLIC COMPOUNDS found in arterial fluids

A

Phenol and phenol derivatives

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5
Q

Preservative examples of ALCOHOLS found in arterial fluids

A

Methanol, ethanol, isopropanol

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6
Q

Preservative examples of ALDEHYDES found in arterial fluids

A

methanal (formaldehyde) and glutaraldehyde
Occasionally: acetaldehyde (ethanal)

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7
Q

Eosine

A

An orange-colored dye used primarily to color the embalmed tissues.

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8
Q

Erythrosine

A

A red-colored dye used primarily to color the embalmed tissues.

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9
Q

Ponceau red

A

A red dye used primarily to color the embalming fluid.

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10
Q

Deodorants, perfuming materials, or masking agents

A

Chemicals that can:
-destroy odors by altering the substances causing the odors or
-cover/mask the unpleasant odor

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11
Q

The most common deodorants found in embalming fluids

A

ester, methyl salicylate, or oil of wintergreen

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12
Q

Benzaldehyde

A

oil of bitter almonds; a deodorant in embalming fluid

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13
Q

oil of sassafras

A

a deodorant in embalming fluid

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14
Q

oil of cloves

A

a deodorant in embalming fluid

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15
Q

Oil of bitter almonds

A

Benzaldehyde

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16
Q

The most common vehicles/solvents/dilutents used in embalming fluids

A

water, the alcohols, and occasionally other organic solvents

17
Q

Is water an organic solvent?

A

No

18
Q

Types of Arterial Modifying Agents

A

-humectants
-buffers
-water conditioning agents
-surfactants

19
Q

Humectants

A

Chemicals that create an increased capability for embalmed tissues to retain moisture

20
Q

One reason for the use of humectants

A

added to a relatively weak solution of embalming fluid when embalming a body predisposed to dehydration or severely emaciated.

21
Q

Some of the chemicals used as humectants

A

-the alcohols (glycerol or glycerine, sorbitol, or the glycols)
-non-alcohol: lanolin

22
Q

An emollient

A

(like lanolin) is said to give a soft, life-like feel to the body when injected into the body

23
Q

Buffers

A

Chemicals which have a stabilizing effect on the acid-base balance (pH) of the embalming solutions and in the tissues of the body.

24
Q

Water conditioning agents

A

Water softeners or anticoagulants. Chemicals added when the water used to dilute the concentrated fluid is known to have or suspected of containing the ions that cause hardness of water. These calcium and/or magnesium ions would cause the blood to coagulate when it comes in contact with the arterial embalming solution.

25
Q

Commonly used water conditioning agents in arterial embalming solutions

A

-sodium citrate
-the sodium salt of EDTA (ethylenediaminetetrasodiumacetate)

26
Q

Other words for surfactants

A

-surface active agents
-wetting agents
-surface tension reducers
-penetrating agents

27
Q

Surfactants

A

chemicals that reduce the molecular cohesion of a liquid, enabling the fluid to flow through smaller apertures

28
Q

Examples of surfactants used in embalming fluid

A

-sulfonates
-sodium laurel sulfate

29
Q

Cavity fluids

A

embalming chemicals intended to be injected into cavities of the body following aspiration.

30
Q

The most important component of the cavity fluid

A

the preservative

31
Q

The more common germicides

A

quaternary ammonium compounds (“quats”) and glutaraldehyde

32
Q

Accessory fluids

A

Specialized fluids use in addition to other embalming fluids or instead of another embalming fluid

33
Q

Pre-injection fluids

A

chemical formulations that would be used to flush out the circulatory system before the normal embalming fluid is injected arterially.

34
Q

Components of hardening compounds

A

-Preservative agent: paraformaldehyde
-Dehydrating agent: aluminum chloride, alum, and/or plaster of Paris
-Filler: perlite, vermiculite, or cellulose (or saw dust)

35
Q

Paradichlorobenzene

A

A mold inhibitor that may be placed in the sealed casket

36
Q

Factors that affect shelf-life of an embalming fluid

A

-temperature extremes
-storage length
-amount of methanol present
-the pH of the solution
-exposure to light

Chemistry (3 decks)

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