EMAGS FINALS Flashcards
- Measure of the flow of the electric field through an area in space.
Electric Flux (ΦE)
- The dot product or divergence of the ‘electric field’ and the area vectors.
Electric Flux (ΦE)
Measure of the flow of charged particles from an area or surface influenced by an electric field.
Electric Displacement Field (D)
- Measure of how many charged particles were displaced by the influence of an electric field.
Electric Displacement Flux (ΦD)
- The dot product or divergence of the ‘electric displacement field’ and the area vectors.
Electric Displacement Flux (ΦD)
States that the electric flux through any closed surface is proportional to the net electric charge enclosed by that surface.
Gauss’ Law for Electricity
Gauss’ Law for Electricity is contributed by the great Mathematician, ___________________?
Carl Friedrich Gauss
It provided a much simpler method of determining the electric field from a charged body.
Gauss’ Law for Electricity
It uses an imaginary closed surface (Gaussian Surface or GS) to which the flux enters or exits.
Gauss’ Law for Electricity
Similar to the electric flux - it describes how much magnetic field lines are passing through the open area (wire loop).
H-Magnetic Flux (ΦH) or B-Magnetic Flux (ΦB)
is called the magnetic flux density
B-Magnetic Flux (ΦB)
is the magnetic flux intensity
H-Magnetic Flux (ΦH)
is the field generated by a current
H-Magnetic Flux (ΦH)
is the response of the medium to the present H
B-Magnetic Flux (ΦB)
In free space, B is just __________ to H since there’s no medium present that needs to be __________
proportional, magnetized.
This is a set of equations that basically describes the behavior of electromagnetic waves
Maxwell’s Equations
It has four equations, two each for _______ and ___________ waves. Each equations shows the parallelism between the electric and magnetic quantities.
electric and magnetic
Maxwell’s Equations were originally based on:
Gauss’ Law,
Faraday’s Law and
Ampere’s Law.
Maxwell’s published this work between ______ to _______?
1861 to 1862.
∇ · E = ρ/ε
Equation 1: Gauss’ Law for Electricity
The total electric flux coming through or out a closed surface is proportional to the charge enclosed.
Equation 1: Gauss’ Law for Electricity
used to obtain the electric field strength away from a point, line, volume and surface charge.
Equation 1: Gauss’ Law for Electricity
the differential form shows that the divergence of the electric field is proportional to the charge density (ρ) of the source.
Equation 1: Gauss’ Law for Electricity
∇ · B = 0
Equation 2: Gauss’ Law for Magnetism
The total magnetic flux coming through or out a closed surface is zero.
Equation 2: Gauss’ Law for Magnetism
Similar to the 1st equation but applied to the magnetic field (B). This simply states that there is no divergence for magnetic fields as these are closed loops.
Equation 2: Gauss’ Law for Magnetism
∇ × E = −∂B/∂t
Equation 3: Faraday’s Law of Electric Induction
A changing magnetic field induces an electric field.
Equation 3: Faraday’s Law of Electric Induction
The differential form shows that the electric field lines curl (perpendicular) to magnetic field lines
Equation 3: Faraday’s Law of Electric Induction
∮E · dL = −∂ΦB/∂t
- leads to the principle that a changing magnetic field induces voltage (EMF) in a conductor wire or coil.
Integral Form of Equation 3: Faraday’s Law of Electric Induction
∇ × B = μJ + με (∂E/∂t)
Equation 4: Modified Ampère’s Law for Induced Magnetic Field and Flux
A changing electric field induces a magnetic field.
Equation 4: Modified Ampère’s Law for Induced Magnetic Field and Flux
The differential form shows that the magnetic field lines curl (perpendicular) to electric field lines.
Equation 4: Modified Ampère’s Law for Induced Magnetic Field and Flux
∮B · dL = μI + με(∂ΦE /dt)
= μI + μId
= μ(I + Id)
- Here Maxwell defines a displacement current (Id) in order show that changing electric field induces a magnetic field.
Integral Form of Equation 4: Modified Ampère’s Law for Induced Magnetic Field and Flux
the speed of propagation of electromagnetic (EM) waves was the same as the speed of light.
Electromagnetic Propagation in Space
was the first to prove mathematically that the speed of propagation of electromagnetic (EM) waves was the same as the speed of light.
Maxwell
is also an EM wave was derived.
Visible light
derived using the particle theory of light.
Speed of Light (c)
speed of light represented by the symbol c. Stands for the initial letter of the Latin word “_______” meaning “______” or “_______”.
celerity, swift or quick
Complied and Unified Electromagnetic Equations by
James Clerk Maxwell
