eM3 Flashcards
What must figures and tables have?
Title
Labelled axes with units
Legend
[Plus: Annotations to describe certain elements, asterisks to denote significance]
What must a legend include?
Title- descriptive or declarative title
Method of generation (brief, 1 sentence)
Result (brief) explanation, sample size and p values
Definition of symbols/ scale bars/ error bars/ abbreviations
What are the types of graph you can use?
Pie chart Bar chart Histogram Dot-plot Box and whiskers Scatter plot Line graph Cumulative frequency Bubble plot Stem and Leaf plot
When would you use a pie chart?
If you want to show pieces of a whole e.g. demographic breakdown.
When would you use a bar chart?
When comparing categorical (x) and numerical (y) data.
When would you use a Histogram?
When comparing continuous quantitative (x) and quantitative counted (y) (e.g. heart rate vs frequency)
When would you use a dot-plot?
Similar to bar charts but with smaller data sets. More visually appealing.
When would you use a box and whiskers chart?
To summarise a single data set (more for non parametric numerical data)
What do box and whiskers charts show?
There are 5 numbers (Lower extreme, lower quartile, median, upper quartile, upper extreme). The box shows the interquartile range and the whiskers show the extremities.
When would you use a scatter plot?
To show similarities between two data sets. It is conventionally used between two continuous numerical variables. A line can be added to show correlation.
What are line graphs and cumulative frequency curves?
Line graph- LIne joining points, time and dependent variable
Cumulative frequency graph- Similar to histogram but uses curve (incl. dose-response)
What are bubble plots and stem and leaf plots?
Bubble- similar to scatter but size of bubble represents a third variable
Stem and leaf- Displays general distribution, hybrid between table and graph. Used for moderately sized data sets.
