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Elliott's Path Exam 5 > Elliott's Buzz Words > Flashcards

Elliott's Buzz Words Flashcards

1
Q

Slow twitch muscles fiber

A

Type I

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2
Q

Fast twitch muscle fiber

A

Type II

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3
Q

Oxidative metabolism muscle

A

Type I

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4
Q

Glycolytic metabolism muscle

A

Type II

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5
Q

Disuse & Steroid Induced Atrophy

A

Only Type II

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6
Q

Increased serum creatine kinase

A

X-linked (Duchenne’s or Becker) Muscular Dystrophy

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7
Q

Pseudohypertrophy

A

X-linked Muscular Dystrophy

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8
Q

CTG repeats

A

Myotonic Dystrophy

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9
Q

Cataracts, testicular atrophy, baldness

A

Myotonic Dystrophy

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10
Q

Proximal muscle weakness

A

X-linked Muscular Dystrophy OR Mitochondrial Myopathy

OR Lambert-Eaton

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11
Q

DMPK mutation (chr. 19)

A

Myotonic Dystrophy

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12
Q

Cataracts, testicular atrophy, baldness

A

Myotonic Dystrophy

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13
Q

Ragged red fibers

A

Mitochondrial Myopathy (under light microscope)

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14
Q

Parking lot inclusions

A

Mitochondrial Myopathy (under EM)

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15
Q

Tx: Thymectomy

A

Myasthenia Gravis

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16
Q

Tx: Anticholinesterase

A

Myasthenia Gravis

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17
Q

Autonomic muscles are affected

A

Lambert-Eaton

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18
Q

PAX3-FKHR fusion gene t(2;13)

A

Rhabdomyosarcoma

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19
Q

Tadpole/strap cells

A

Rhabdomyosarcoma

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20
Q

Blue sclera

A

Types I-III OI

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21
Q

Type 1 Collagen defect

A

Osteogenesis Imperfecta

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22
Q

FGFR3 Overactivation

A

Achondroplasia

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23
Q

RANKL + RANKR (+ M0 CSF)

A

Osteoporosis

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24
Q

Tx: Bisphosphonates

A

Osteoporosis

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25
Q

Tumor in tibia or femur

A

Osteoid osteoma

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26
Q

Tumor in spinal cord

A

Osteoblastoma

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27
Q

Bone tumor helped by aspirin

A

Osteoid osteoma

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28
Q

Bone tumor not helped by aspirin

A

Osteoblastoma

29
Q

Central radiolucent nidus

A

Osteoid osteoma OR Osteoblastoma

30
Q

p53 & RB mutation

A

Osteosarcoma

31
Q

Codman’s Triangle

A

Osteosarcoma (tumor lifts periosteum)

32
Q

Increased serum alkaline phosphatase

A

Osteosarcoma

33
Q

Hyperuricemia

A

MAYBE Gout, but not necessarily

34
Q

Rhomboid-like crystals under polarized light

A

Pseudogout

35
Q

Needle-like crystals under polarized light

A

Gout

36
Q

Spongiosis & Hyperkeratosis

A

Eczematous Dermatitis

37
Q

Pink-colored plaque

A

Psoriasis

38
Q

Silver-white scales

A

Psoriasis

39
Q

HPV 2 or 4

A

Verrucae vulgaris (common warts - less bad)

40
Q

HPV 3 or 10

A

Verrucae plana (flat warts - more bad)

41
Q

p53 & RB mutations

A

Osteosarcoma

42
Q

Parakeratosis

A

Actinic Keratosis (retained nuclei in top of skin)

43
Q

p53 & RAS mutations

A

Squamous Cell Carcinoma

44
Q

Radial Growth Phase

A

Melanoma

45
Q

Tx: Thrombolytics

A

Non-hemorrhagic brain infarction

46
Q

Tx: Clotting agents

A

Hemorrhagic brain infarction

47
Q

Berry aneurysm

A

Subarachnoid hemorrhage (outpouching of artery w/o muscular or elastic layers)

48
Q

Lenticular hematoma

A

Epidural hematoma

49
Q

Herniation of cerebellum into foramen magnum

A

Epidural hematoma

50
Q

Increased CSF pressure w/neutrophils

A

Acute Pyogenic Meningitis

51
Q

Destruction of adrenal cortex

A

Waterhouse-Friderichsen (w/Acute Pyogenic Meningitis)

52
Q

Palisade/picket fence

A

Glioblastoma (real bad)

53
Q

Whorled spindle cells

A

Meningioma

54
Q

Calcified psammoma bodies

A

Meningioma

55
Q

White matter only

A

MS

56
Q

Apolipoprotein E

A

Alzheimer’s

57
Q

Presenilin mutation

A

Early Onset Alzheimer’s

58
Q

SORL-1 mutation

A

Late Onset Alzheimer’s

59
Q

3 diagnostic signs of Alzheimer’s

A
  1. Neurofibrillary tangles of tau
  2. Neuritic plaques
  3. Amyloid deposits
60
Q

Fibrillin-1 mutation

A

Marfan Syndrome

61
Q

Brushfield spots

A

Trisomy 21

62
Q

Reduced IQ & Heart Defects

A

Trisomy 21

63
Q

47, XXY

A

Kleinfelter Syndrome

64
Q

Germ & Sertoli cells absent, Leydig cells increased

A

Kleinfelter Syndrome

65
Q

45, X

A

Turner Syndrome

66
Q

Webbed neck, low carrying angle

A

Turner Syndrome

67
Q

No oocytes after 2 yo

A

Turner Syndrome

68
Q

Middle meningeal artery

A

Epidural hematoma

Elliott's Path Exam 5 (1 decks)

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