Elizabethan Era Flashcards
What was the problem with Elizabeth’s legitimacy?
Elizabeth’s father (Henry) divorced is first wife (her mother, Anne)) which the Pope never agreed to, meaning that Catholics believed their marriage was illegitimate. She is an illegitimate heir.
What was 1 strength of Elizabeth’s coronation?
She was confident, charismatic, and able to make great speeches, winning over her subjects.
What was 1 weakness of Elizabeth’s coronation?
She didn’t have a husband as she was worried a foreign prince would put his country above hers.
What was the Act of Supremacy?
England would return to a protestant country and would be the Head of the Church of England (supreme governor).
What was the Act of Uniformity?
The bible would be in English and recusants would be fined one shilling per absence from church, equivalent to one week’s pay for many poor people.
What were the Royal Injunctions?
Pilgrimages and monuments to “fake” miracles were banned and all clergy had to teach the Royal Supremacy.
What was the Throckmorton Plot?
1583 - Throckmorton organised a plan for a French army to invade England and replace Elizabeth with Mary, paid for by the Pope and King Philip II of Spain.
What were Elizabeth’s actions? (Throckmorton)
Throckmorton was executed and Mary was moved to a castle where she was held in isolation.
What was the Babington Plot?
1586 - Babington and Mary had coded letters discovered offering to kill Elizabeth.
What were Elizabeth’s actions? (Babington)
In August he was arrested and under torture, he confessed to the plot. He and 6 plotters were executed.
What were 3 of Drake’s actions as a privateer?
- 1570 - He captured numerous Spanish ships and seized their cargoes during an expedition in the West Indies.
- 1572 - Raided Panama making 40,000 pounds of Spanish silver.
- 1577 - He disrupts Spanish colonies.
What was the Northern Earls’ rebellion?
1569 - The Catholic Earls of Northumberland and Westmoreland hatched a plan to get Mary Queen of Scots out of imprisonment and on to the throne - they gathered an army of 6,000.
What were Elizabeth’s actions? (Northern Earls)
She sent out a huge army to crush the rebellion. She put 800 rebels to death and the two Earls fled to Scotland.
What was the Ridolfi Plot?
1571 - Ridolfi planned to assassinate Elizabeth and make Mary Queen. He had the support of King Philip II, Duke of Norfolk and Mary.
Why were the English able to beat the Spanish Armada?
- Planning and communication
The Spanish didn’t have ports large enough to hold galleons and therefore could only use small boats and not enough weapons. - English ship design
England had 24 new galleons in 1588 - they were easier to manouvere - English tactics
The English kept a safe distance from the Spanish meaning the larger ships couldn’t cause the English any damage.
How did sheep farming increase poverty?
Unemployment rose as sheep farming did not require as much labour and feeding sheep over winter meant that some crops are grown only for sheep.
How did inflation increase poverty?
Food prices rose (especially grain prices) and landowners were charging higher rents.
How did population growth increase poverty?
Population grew by 35% during Elizabeth’s reign, meaning that there wasn’t enough food for the growing population and as there were more people to feed, the price of food increased.
How did enclosure increase poverty?
Rich landowners buy common land which the poor used for subsistence farming, in order to make profit off of sheep and farming.
