Elizabethan England 1558-88 Flashcards
When was Elizabeth coronated
Thursday, 17 November 1558
Parents of Elizabeth
Henry VII and Anne Boleyn
Elizabeths Husband
N/a - said she was married to England
Elizabeths Religious beliefs
Protestant
What are Nobility
Was the highest on the social scale, Just bellow the Queen
What are Gentry
The gentry followed the nobility and were people of professions, Lawyers, had a lot of land
What are Yeoman
Were business owners, usually highly skilled, had a small amount of land or estate
What are Tenant farmers
Farmed rented land, usually owned by yeomen or gentry
What are Merchants
Often owned a lot of property, they were at the top of the Tan social scale
What are Craftsmen
Skilled employees, learned a specific trade or skill
What are Court
Made up of Nobility, although they had no authority, under the influence of the monarch, would of lived in the palace
What are Privy court
Made up of leading courtiers and advisers, 19 members chosen by the monarch. Met 3 times a week
What are Parliament
Made up of lord and commons. Could only be called or dismissed by the monarch. Had very little power. Were only called 10 times in her reign.
What are Lord lieutenants
Were represented for a county, members of the privy council, were essential for the monarchs defence and power. VERY IMPORTANT
What are Justice of peace
Large landowners who kept the law and order in the local area, unpaid but had a position of status, very popular
What are Elizabeth strengths
Sexy , cunning , empowering female women, intelligent, had a good team
What are Elizabeth Weakness
Daughter of a bigamist, never had a mother, had no airs, didn’t have a potential husband
Elizabeths answer to the religious turmoil
The religious settlement ( 1 year into power )
Aims of Religious Settlement
She wanted to unite her country, the protestants and catholics would heal their tensions, she didn’t want to punish anyone in what they believed in
Reaction to middle way
Was preparing for a new Queen ( Mary ), catholics thought they could get what they want as they were in parliament, puritans wanted to manage their own church
How was the settlement enforced
Act of uniformity, act of supremacy, royal injunction
Puritan controversy
Crucifix and vestment
Crucifix controversy
Puritans thought that crucifix were idols, they got them taken down as elizabeth didn’t want to create tension
Vestment controversy
Didn’t believe priests were special, so they shouldn’t wear special vestments, the archbishop wrote a book of rules, and an exhibition but 37 puritan priests didn’t show up
Catholic threat
In 1556 , the pope told catholics not to go to church. Elizabeth didn’t make them pay as it wasn’t that important.
Revolt of the northern earls
In 1569, a rebellion took place that catholics rebelled against elizabeth
Mary queen of Scots threat
Had a chance to become queen, was supported by catholics
14 Nov 1569
Northumberland and Westmorland seize durham and hold a catholic mass
What happened to the ridolfi plot
Easily intercepted and nothing came of it
Throckmoton outcome
Unsuccessful due to the lack of thought put in, if successful would of been very important
Babignton outcome
Most successful as it was the closest happening.
Walsinghams spy network
Trained agents through France and Spain, Ciphers
1570
Ships and galleons would start to be built by the english
July 1588 -
BATTLE OF PLYMOUTH
Rest of 1588
BATTLE OF THE ISLE OF WHITE
BATTLE OF GRAVELINES
THEN THE ARMADA WAS DEFEATED
SPANISH SHIPS SUNK OFF THE SHORE OF IRELAND
Main reasons for the defeat of the Armada
Phillip ignored suggestions by his military advisors.
Communication was poor
Elizabeth had given all control to the english advisor - the earl of Nottingham
Consequence of the defeat of the armada
Elizabeth thought she had Gods backing
Elizabeth gained a propaganda victory
Education for poor boys
No formal education - learned from their family’s, worked to get some extra money
Education for poor girls
No formal education - learned skills from family’s
Education for Well off boys
Petty school ( 4-8) Grammar school ( 8-14 ) -
What did well off boys study
Latin , Greek , Ancient and Classical history, Philology, Chess
Education for Well of girls
Dame school, run by a smart woman from the town
What did well of gurls study
Skills around the house, taught how to be wives / mothers
Education for Upper class boys
Private tutors until early teens
Noble households until mid teens
University
Education for Upper class gurls
Private tutor until early teens
Noble household until mid teens
Then get married
The humanist movement
16th century - believed that learning had its own right, and you shouldn’t be educated for private reasons , stop superstitions
Protestant bible
Believed everyone should be able to read the bible - increased education and religion
Increase in business in the 16th century
Needed more educated people
Skill based on social hierarchy
This lead to more educated people
Why did the literacy rate go up for boys but NOT girls
Boys were made to read the bible
Literacy wasn’t the main focus in schools
Elizabeth didn’t want to cause any controversy’s
Cut peise
A pick pocket who would secretly creep up on people and collect their belongings
The angler
Fixed a hook to a long stick and stole clothes from washing lines
The drummer
Pretending he was deaf and dumb to get sympathy money
Poor
People who did not have enough money to be fed or spend more than 80% on bread
Itinerants
People who have moved from their home parish to find work
Vagabonds
Homeless without a jib and begged for money
The act in 1563
Statute of Artificers
Act of supremacy 1559
Elizabeth became head of the church, England became protestant , bishops helped the church
The act of uniformity 1559
Prayer book introduced, bible was english, attendance in church was compulsory, 1 shilling a week
Royal injunction 1559
Preachers had to be licensed, had to do it once a month otherwise they lose the licence, no more alters destroyed
Triangular trade
ENGLAND - goods and food - W.AFRICA - slaves - NEW WORLD - ginger animals sugar pearls - ENGLAND
Walter Raleigh importance
Created blueprint for the English Colony’s
