Elizabethan Age:1558-1603 Flashcards
Who are Elizabeth I’s parents and siblings?
Parents: King Henry VIII & Anne Boleyn
Siblings: Edward VI & Mary I
What plot was Elizabeth suspected of being involved in, leading to her arrest and imprisonment in the Tower of London?
Wyatt Rebellion in 1554
When was Elizabeth I corronation?
17th of November 1558
Why was Elizabeth’s corronation ‘splendid’ and ‘colourful’?
to show off the power of the new monarch
What was Elizabeth’s education like?
Recieved a good education. Could speak Greek, Latin, French, and Italian. She studied theology yet was keen to avoid the religious divide within Britain,
Give two methods that Queen Elizabeth used to project her image of royal authority?
Portaits;
Used to present the Queen as beautiful and powerful, however after catching smallpox in 1562 her face was left scarred and she had to use white powder to cover her face. Portaits were an important use of propaganda.
Royal Progresses;
Touring the countryside and staying in the houses of her nobles ensured that Elizabeth was seen by her subjects and having her stay at your house was a great privilege. Used to keep a watchfuk eye on her nobles and increase popularity around the home counties.
What were the 3 functions of the privy council?
- To advise the queen on policies
- To watch over the day to day governing of the realm
- To consider petitions from private individuals
Why did Elizabeth introduce partonage into the royal court?
Ambitious nobles wanting to get noticed by the Queen meant that she would have the power to make or break them, keeping them loyal to her
Why would Elizabeth play each faction against eachother?
To control and check her courtiers and Privy Councillors
Why was there a chief rivalry between William Cecil and Robert Dudley?
Cecil was hard working and cautious in making decisions and managing government expenditure. This meant he was reluctant to get involved in costly wars. He was a moderate protestant.
Dudley favoured the intervention of wars in Europe. He was a puritan.
Who were the 6 important privvy councillors during Elizabeth’s reign?
Sir William Cecil
Robert Dudley
Sir Christopher Hatton
Sir Francis Walsingham
Robert Devereux
Robert Cecil
What was Sir William Cecil’s role in the privvy council?
He was her secretary of state, serving as the link between parliament and monarch. He was in charge of government finances and was her loyal adviser.
What was Robert Dudley’s role in the privvy council?
He was appointed earl of leicester and commander of the army that was sent to the netherlands.
What was Sir Francis Walsingham’s role in the privvy council?
He ran Elizabeth’s secret service and set up a network of government spies placed all over europe.
What was the role of the Justices of the peace?
- Responsible for overseeing and organising the local parish constables and watchment, ensuring that they carried out their jobs effectively.
- Monitoring and controlling beggars and vagrants and administer the new 1601 Poor Laws.
- Enforce local government orders and punish those who disobeyed.
What was the role of the lord lieutenant?
They kept the queen informed about what was going on in the area. They were in charge of the local militia and supervised JPs.
What was the role of the sheriff?
Handling legal affairs, appointing juries, and collecting taxes
What was the role of the parish constable?
Keep the peace and arrest those who broke the law, carried out punishments, and watch out for vagabonds.
What was the role of the night watchmen?
Watch out for vagabonds and criminals during the night.
What was the role of the overseer of the poor?
To help administer poor relief and collect a local ‘poor rate’ tax.
What 3 reasons would Elizabeth call parliament for?
- When she was short of money and only parliament had the power to raise money through taxes
- When she needed to pass Acts of parliament
- When she desired support and advice from her MPs and lords on important issues.
How much was the Marian debt?
£227,000
What topics were banned from being discussed in parliament?
- Religion
- Foreign policy
- Elizabeth’s personal issues
Who were in the upper class?
Nobles & Lords, the gentry, wealthy merchants and professionals
