Elizabeth: Raleigh and Virginia

Question 1

did England have a successful colony by the early 1580s? had it claimed any territory?

Answer 1

no, but it had claimed some territory in north america

Question 2

when was New Albion (in California) claimed for England? (!!not a date!!)

Answer 2

in Drakes journey around the world

Question 3

what territory in Eastern Canada did England claim?

Answer 3

newfoundland

Question 4

when did Sir Humphrey Gilbert set out to establish a colony in newfoundland? was is attempt successful?

Answer 4

1583, and no

Question 5

what did Elizabeth give Walter Raleigh permission to do after Gilbert’s failure?

Answer 5

explore and colonise unclaimed territories

Question 6

what did Elizabeth want Raleigh to do?

Answer 6

establish a colony on the atlantic coast of North america

Question 7

were Raleigh’s attempts to colonise Virginia successful?

Answer 7

no

Question 8

why didn’t spain want England to have a colony in the Americas?

Answer 8

it would challenge Spain’s dominance in the Americas and could be used as a base for attacking Spanish treasure ships

Question 9

why did England want a colony in the Americas?

Answer 9

it was hoped that the colony would provide opportunities for trade and be a source of raw materials that might be useful in future wars with spain

Question 10

when did Raleigh send a fact-finding mission to North America?

Answer 10

1584

Question 11

what did Raleigh’s 1584 fact-finding mission to North America find?

Answer 11

the fleet landed on Roanoke Island, explored the area and returned to England with two native americans. They gave a glowing report of the region, which encouraged Raleigh to organise a second expedition

Question 12

why did Raleigh name his colony Virginia?

Answer 12

he named it after Elizabeth, who was known as the ‘Virgin Queen’

Question 13

what were the four stages of Raleigh’s attempt to colonise Virginia?

Answer 13

1. in 1585, Raleigh sent five ships to Virginia, led by Sir Richard Grenville. 108 settlers (known as planters) tried to establish a permanent colony on Roanoke, while Grenville went back to England for supplies
2. when francis drake visited roanoke in 1586, grenville still hadn’t returned and the planters were running low on supplies. most of the planters decided to return to england with Drake, although a small group of men were left to maintain the colony
3. a third expedition reached Roanoke in 1587 and found it deserted - it’s thought that the men who stayed behind in 1586 were killed by local people. Around 100 planters settled on the island and began to build a colony. They were expecting supplies from England in 1588, but the fleet was delayed by the Spanish Armarda
4. when the supply ships finally reached roanoke in 1590, all the planters had disappeared. they were never found, and roanoke soon became known as the ‘lost colony’

Question 14

what 3 factors led to the failure of the Roanoke Colony?

Answer 14

1. Bad timing
2. Lack of supplies
3. Poor planning

Question 15

how did bad timing lead to the failure of the Roanoke colony?

Answer 15

if the supply ships hadn’t been delayed by the Spanish Armarda, the roanoke colony might have survived

Question 16

how did lack of supplies lead to the failure of the Roanoke colony?

Answer 16

the planters didn’t take enough supplies with them and found it difficult to grow food on Roanoke. This made them more vulnerable to problems like the delay of the supply ships in 1588.

Question 17

how did poor planning lead to the failure of the Roanoke Colony?

Answer 17

establishing a colony thousands of miles from England was a major challenge, which required detailed planning and organisation. However, initial exploration of Roanoke was inadequate and the whole project was poorly organised. this was largely because Raleigh’s funds were too limited.

Question 18

who was Walter Raleigh?

Answer 18

• he was from the gentry
• he became an explorer, writer and historian
• he made tobacco smoking popular in England
• Elizabeth I gave him money to explore land in North America

Question 19

what was the significance of Walter Raleigh’s colonisation of Virginia in America? (7)

Answer 19

1. He proved to people that a voyage to America was not all about dangerous sea monsters and savages who would kill and eat them in another country
2. he brought two native Americans back to England who taught the English lots about other types of people
3. it gave a chance for Native Americans to barter for goods from England such as woollen cloth, which would also provide work for English Cloth makers
4. The new lands could send back exotic goods such as gold and tobacco
5. it brought plenty of money for England
6. IT UNDERMINED SPAIN - it provided a base to attack Spanish Ships safely
7. ECONOMY

Question 20

what did Raleigh do to help the colonisation?

Answer 20

1. he invested, organised and raised funds to make sure the English could set up a colony in Virginia
2. he promoted the voyage and persuaded people to leave England and settle in Virginia
3. He was even appointed governor of Virginia
4. He persuaded people to take the risk to leave their homes in England and make the dangerous voyage to America
5. he also invested a lot of his own money into the expeditions

Question 21

what was Virginia named after?

Answer 21

Elizabeth, the Virgin Queen

Question 22

what were the economic benefits of Raleigh’s Voyages?

Answer 22

1. could trade with the native Americans for exotic goods
2. English cloth makers would gain more work as this was the type of good that the Native Americans liked
3. could provide exotic goods such