Elizabeth EOY

Question 1

What challenges did Elizabeth face in her early reign as queen?

Answer 1

(Became queen in 1558)

• She would be expected to marry a monarch, she did not want to
• She was protestant, the country was set to being Catholic
• She had many enemies wanting to kill her
• The monarchy had a bad reputaion (Mary killing heretics)
• She was a women

Question 2

Why was France a threat to Elizabeth?

Answer 2

• France was wealthier
• France and Scotland were allied
• Mary Queen of Scots had a strong claim to the throne
• Mary could gain the support of France to overthrow Elizabeth
• France and England were traditional enemies

Question 3

Explain the Act of Supremacy

Answer 3

• Happened in 1559
• England became Protestant
• Elizabeth became the head of the Church of England, her title was “Supreme Governor”
• Bishops helped govern the church
• If they refused they would be imprisoned, after refusing three times they could be executed

Question 4

Explain the Act of Uniformity

Answer 4

• New Protestant prayer book had to be used in every church
• Church services had to be in English
• Bread and Wine to be taken, reasons why left vague
• Bible was in English
• Decorations were allowed in churches
• Clergy had to wear vestments and could marry
• Clergy had to take an oath agreeing to the new prayer book
• Compulsory attendance to church unless they paid 1 shilling a week fine. Lots for the poor but little for rich

Question 5

Explain the events of the revolt of the Northen Earls

Answer 5

• Started November 1569
• Led by Northumberland and Westmorland most prominent Catholics, gathered 6000 soldiers
• Wanted to rescue Mary Queen of Scots and make her the Queen
• They marched South
• Rebels succeeded in Durnham were they burnt down Protestant Bibles showing their religious motive
• When news came of the rebellion, Elizabeth dispatched the Royal Army
• Rebellion was crushed by soldiers loyal to Elizabeth
• 800 Rebels executed

Question 6

Name the causes of the rRevolt of the Northen Earls

Answer 6

• Northumberland and Westmorland lost lots of power and influence which they had under Mary
• They did not agree with Elizabeth’s new laws and ideologies

Question 7

What was the Throckmorton plot?

Answer 7

• The plot aimed to assassinate Queen Elizabeth I
  in 1583
• The assassination was to happen via an invasion of England led by Henry I, Duke of Guise, financed by Spain and by the Pope, and a simultaneous revolt of English Roman Catholics, involving both the Jesuits and the English Cardinal Allen.

Throckmorton acted as a Spanish agent, due to his arrest, the plot was never put in motion.

Question 8

Briefly explain the events of the colonisation of Virginia

Answer 8

• 1584, Raleigh begins planning the colonisation and sends a fact-finding mission to Virginia
• 1585 Colonists set sail for Virginia
• 1586 Surviving colonists abandon Virginia and return to England
• 1587 After a new plan, new group of colonists arrive in Virginia and establish a colony at Roanoke
• 1590 English sailors arrive at Roanoke only to find it abandoned

Question 9

Why did the colonisation of Virginia fail

Answer 9

• Not enough diversity of skill sets
• Set sail too late for harvest
• Ship was damaged and sea water ruined food and seeds, only beans and peas were salvaged
• Colonists did not co-operate

Question 10

Why did Elizabeth want to establish a colony at Virginia?

Answer 10

• Find other trade so England is not reliant on trade with Italian States, France, Netherlands and Spain
• Bases to attack Spain from
• Bases for privateering
• Encourage voyages of exploration