Elizabeth Age 1558-1603: The Elizabethan Government Flashcards

1
Q

When was Elizabeth I born?

A

1533

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2
Q

Whos in her immediate family?

A

King Henry VIII (Dad)
Anne Boleyn (Mum)
King Edward I (Half brother)
Mary I ( Half Sister)

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3
Q

What occurred in the Wyatt Rebellion in 1547?

A

A rebellion led my Thomas Wyatt to overthrow the catholic monarchy, Elizabeth was suspected to be involved so Mary locks her up in the tower of london. There wasnt enough evidence to charge her with treason so she is moved to Woodstock in Oxfordshire.

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4
Q

When was Elizabeth I anointed as Queen?

A

November 17th 1558

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5
Q

When was Queen Elizabeth’s coronation?

A

15th of January 1559

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6
Q

What was Elizabeth the first to recognise about being in power?

A

The importance of public relations. She was the first to prioritise popularity as a key to success.

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7
Q

How many languages could Elizabeth speak?

A

5; Latin, Greek, French, Spanish, and English

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8
Q

Why were her portraits important?

A

They presented her as majestic, youthful, immortal, and beautiful in all of her paintings.

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9
Q

What were Royal progresses?

A

Royal Progresses were a 10 week annual tour around the south of England, mainly the ‘Home counties’ (Close to london).

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10
Q

Why were Royal Progresses important?

A

Royal Progresses were important because it increased her popularity. As she visited and stayed in the stately homes of the nobility, it was the highest honour to be bestowed upon the rich for Queen Elizabeth I to stay at your estate.

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11
Q

What was the Royal Court? Who were Courtiers?

A

The centre of all political power in the realm.
Courtiers were people who lived and worked in Whitehall Palace, from Elizabeth I’s servants to chief advisors.

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12
Q

What were factions within the Privy Council?

A

Nobles in court sought the patronage of the queen. They wanted a title, a role and power so they worked to impress her.

An example of 2 factions forming were William Cecil vs Robert Dudley as both men sought to be her closest confidant.

Elizabeth knew this and had the power to play one faction against the other, and therefore maintain her control.

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13
Q

What was the Privy Council?

A

A body of advisors appointed by the queen and in charge of the day to day running of the country (her government).

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14
Q

Who were the 6 key men that she appointed during her reign?

A

William Cecil
Robert Dudley
Christopher Hatton
Robert Cecil
Sir Francis Walsingham
Robert Devereux

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15
Q

What was the Lord Lieutenant?

A

The chief of the local officials.
A wealthy landowner and often a Privy Councillor.
1 per county.

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16
Q

What was the job of the ‘Justice of the Peace’ (JP)

A

responsible for maintaining law and order on a local level and a daily basis.
there were 30-60 JP’s per county.
They were judges in courts for minor crimes; they oversaw the maintenance of highways; and they administered poor relief to the unemployed.
They were wealthy country gentlemen who recieved no money but it did award them status and respect.

17
Q

What was the role of the Sheriff?

A

Their job changed constantly as it had very medieval roots.
1 per county.
Responsible for completing documents to set up apprenticeships for young boys, fix prices and wages and look after the poor.

18
Q

What was the role of the Parish Constable?

A

He was a tradesman or local farmer and held the unpaid post of Constable for 1 year, and kept peace around the area and worked with the Night Watchman to look for vagabonds.

19
Q

What was the role of the Nightwatchman?

A

They worked alongside the Parish Constable, patrolling the parish or town at night.
Responsible for keeping order in taverns, carry out punishments and prevent trespassers and poachers.

20
Q

What was the role of the Overseer of the Poor?

A

Collected the poor rate (tax) and distributed it to those who needed it.

21
Q

How many people were in the House of Lords?

A

100 Lords, Bishops, and judges appointed by the Queen. Not elected by the public.

22
Q

How many people were in the House of Commons?

A

450 members of parliment. There were 2 MPs per county and 2 MPs per important town. MPs were wealthy landowners.

23
Q

How many times, during Elizabeths 45 year reign, did parliament meet?

A

13 times.

24
Q

Why did Elizabeth call Parliament?

A

When she was short of money and needed revenue from taxes (e.g. war with ireland or spain)
When she needed to pass Acts of Parliament (e.g. Religious Settlement Acts)
When she desired the support and advice of her MPs and Lords on important issues. (e.g. How to deal with the Catholic plots.)

25
Q

Why did Elizabeth ‘need’ Parliament?

A

It has the power to raise money through taxation. For example, in 1558 she inherited £227,000 in Marian Debt and Parliament helped Elizabeth to balance the books and clear the debt.

26
Q

What was Marian debt?

A

£227,000 of debt accrued from Mary I.