Elizabeth Flashcards
How did the new religious settlement affect the clergy?
There were lots of Catholic bishops in the House of Lords.
Many priests changed religion to keep their jobs, others were committed Catholics and wouldn’t work in a Protestant Church.
How did the new religious settlement affect the Puritans?
There was no role for the monarch as the head of the Church, and the special parts of churches or clothes weren’t included by Puritans.
When was Elizabeth’s religious settlement?
1559
What were the three parts of the religious settlement?
The Act of Supremacy made Elizabeth supreme governor of the Church of England, with all clergy and royal officials having to swear an oath of allegiance to her as the head of the new Church.
The Act of Uniformity established the appearance of Churches and the form of services they held.
The Royal Injunctions was a set of instructions, issued by Sir William Cecil on behalf of the queen to the clergy, on a wide range of issues to reinforce the acts of Supremacy and Uniformity/ it included instructions on how people should worship God and the structure of services.
What was significant about the Act of Uniformity?
The Book of Common Prayer had to be used in all churches.
The clergy had to use the wording of the Prayer Book when conducting services.
Priests must wear special clothing.
What was the clergy’s response to the Act of Supremacy?
8000 priests took the oath of supremacy.
Only 1 bishop took the oath of supremacy, and 27 new bishops were appointed in replacement.
How did the religious settlement affect the people?
Most people accepted Elizabeth’s religious settlement, even though many of them held onto Catholic beliefs.
Some parts of the country welcomed the new religious settlement with sometimes violent enthusiasm, and in London, for example, there was a great deal of destruction of church ornaments and statues of saints.
What was the role of the Church of England?
It controlled what was preached (Priests needed a special licence from the government to preach. Elizabeth could ensure that the clergy preached her religious and political message).
It ran the Church courts.
It legitimised power to the monarch.
It enforced the religious settlements.
It gave guidance to communities (People turned to their parish church in times of hardship and uncertainty).
What did the Church courts deal with?
They acted in a range of minor disputes on moral issues, like marriage, sexual offences and slander.
They also dealt with wills and inheritance.
When was the first visitation (to enforce the religious settlement) and what happened?
1959, resulting in up to 400 clergy being dismissed. Many decorations and statues in churches were destroyed.
How often did visitations take place?
Every 3-4 years
What did visitations cover?
The Church, and teachers, midwives, surgeons and physicians had to provide licenses to practise their jobs.
Crucifix controversy
The Puritans thought that crucifixes represented idols, but Elizabeth liked them and wanted churches to keep this. Puritan bishops threatened to resign, so the queen backed down.
Vestment controversy
Elizabeth wanted the clergy to wear special vestments.
Puritans were not happy with this.
Elizabeth held a special exhibition in London to show priests what vestments they must wear and when. 110 were invited, 37 refused and lost their post.
How did the papacy carry out ‘counter-reformation’?
In 1566, the Pope issued an instruction that they should not attend Church of England services.
