Elizabeth 2 Flashcards
What was the royal court?
A group of nobles and privy councillors who surrounded the queen
What was entertainment like at the court?
It showed wealth as they had jousting tournaments, dances and plays
How did Elizabeth control the royal court
She used a system of patronage
Who granted positions of power e.g the nobles
Elizabeth did
What did patronage mean?
Power was based on personal relationships with the queen
What were the privy council?
Elizabeth’s most trusted courtiers who met her daily to give her advice on important issues.
Who did Elizabeth appoint as Secretary of State
William Cecil
How did Elizabeth not have full control?
Cecil manipulated her into executing Mary queen of Scot’s
Who was Elizabeth’s favourite member of privy council?
Robert devereux, earl of Essex
How did Robert become egotistical and rash?
1598: reached for his sword when arguing with Elizabeth
How did his behaviour lead to his execution?
1601: plotted an armed rebellion to remove Elizabeth and make James of Scotland the king
How did the death of William Cecil have rivalry?
Earl of Essex didn’t respect Elizabeth and her authority as she was a woman
What did the local government do?
Each county was controlled by a lord lieutenant, appointed by the queen.
What was their job?
They kept the queen and privy council informed of what was happening and organised a local army.
What were JP’s responsible for?
Law and Order
How many JP’s were in each county?
40 in each county
What else were the JP’s responsible for?
-Collecting taxes and fines
-Enforcing the Poor Law
-Judging court cases
What was parliament like?
MP’s voted to give their consent for new laws and taxes
How did parliament pose serious threat to Elizabeth’s authority?
Elizabeth needed their permission to raise taxes which gave MP’s power
What did puritan MP’s do with their power?
They pushed Elizabeth to marry a Protestant by making speeches
What did puritans do to push Elizabeth?
- remove archbishops and bishops and allow elected committees to control churches
-stop wearing priests wearing vestments - give MP’s freedom of speech
How did Elizabeth control parliament?
She only called them to meet 13 times in her 45 year reign
How did Elizabeth control MP’s?
She gave them limited freedom of speech by banning the discussion of religion
Who did Elizabeth imprison in 1593?
She imprisoned Peter Wentworth after he demanded she name a Protestant heir
How else did she punish opposition?
She had John Stubbs hand (a puritans MP) chopped off in 1579 for criticising her marriage to a catholic
Why did Elizabeth use propaganda?
To show herself as a powerful and popular monarch
What did the portraits of Elizabeth show?
Emphasised her power and had no signs of her being weak
Why did she go on regular progresses?
So everybody could see her
What did she do on her progress?
Elizabeth showed off her wealth and spoke with the ordinary people she passed.
Why did Elizabeth never visit the north or west?
As they were predominantly catholic areas
